Clinical and immunological evaluation of patients with mild IgG1 deficiency.

Serum IgG subclass concentrations were determined in patients visiting, the pulmonology out-patient clinic with chronic respiratory tract problems. A total of 24 patients with a serum IgG1 concentration < 4.9 g/l (i.e. below the reference range) and normal values for IgG2, IgM and IgA were included. Patients with a selective IgG1 deficiency were vaccinated with a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. There were nine patients with a poor antibody response to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide antigens. Responsiveness to protein antigens was intact in all patients. Patients with pneumonia showed a significantly lower anti-polysaccharide response in the IgG2 subclass than patients without pneumonia. Patients with recurrent sinusitis showed a significantly lower response in the IgA isotype after vaccination with pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine compared with non-sinusitis patients. It can be concluded that patients with recurrent sinopulmonary infections and a mild IgG1 subclass deficiency have an impaired IgG1 anti-polysaccharide response, which can extend to decreased IgG2 and IgA anti-polysaccharide responses.     

Endometrial CD56+ natural killer cells in women with recurrent miscarriage: a histomorphometric study.

Endometrial natural killer (NK) cells were compared in luteal-phase endometrial samples from women with recurrent miscarriage and from normal subjects. Cryostat sections were labelled using a monoclonal antibody to CD56 using an avidin-biotin complex method and a morphometric study performed. Increased mean numbers of CD56+ cells were documented in the endometrium of women with recurrent early miscarriage only. These findings suggest a possible role for NK cells in the pathogenesis of recurrent early pregnancy loss.     

陈旧性腕舟骨骨折三种手术方法的疗效比较

目的:比较三种不同手术方法对腕舟骨骨折的疗效。方法:自1990～1998年,共治疗71例陈旧性腕舟骨骨折,随6访月～4年,平均14个月。随机分成:A组:桡骨茎突切除加带桡动脉茎突返支的桡骨茎突骨瓣组28例;B组:带挠动脉茎突返支的桡骨骨膜组6例;C组:单纯植骨组37例。结果:按刘树清的功能判断标准,优良率:A组为92.85％,B组为82.33％,C组为70.27％。结论:疗效比较,带桡动脉突返支的骨瓣移位效果较其它两组为优。     

Early recurrent nephrotic syndrome after renal transplantation in children with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

BACKGROUND: We analysed risk factors to predict the recurrence of nephrotic syndrome and the therapeutic efficacy of plasmapheresis combined with oral cyclophosphamide (PE+CPM) in early recurrent nephrotic syndrome after transplantation in children with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). METHODS: Medical records after 1990 of 16 children with biopsy-proven idiopathic FSGS and renal transplantation before the age of 18 years were reviewed. RESULTS: Early recurrence of nephrotic syndrome developed in six cases (37. 5%). While early kidney graft biopsies, performed within the first week after the onset of recurrence, revealed diffuse effacement of foot process only, late biopsies contained segmentally sclerosed glomeruli as well. Among several possible risk factors, the mean duration from onset of original nephrotic syndrome to development of end-stage renal disease was shorter in the recurrent group (P=0.045) and the percentage of globally sclerosed glomeruli was higher in the non-recurrent group (P=0.001). PE+CPM therapy resulted in complete remission of nephrotic syndrome if it was started early and if there was no evidence of accompanying acute rejection. CONCLUSION: These results support more liberal use of living-related donors for renal transplantation of children with FSGS and ESRD, considering the shortage of cadaveric donors in our society and relatively good efficacy of the early and intensive PE+CPM therapy for early recurrent nephrotic syndrome.     

原因不明复发性流产患者心理状况调查及心理干预对其细胞免疫功能和疗效的影响

目的:探讨原因不明复发性自然流产(URSA)患者的心理健康状况及心理干预对其免疫功能和治疗效果的影响.方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对142例URSA患者和102例正常妇女进行心理状况调查,URSA患者知情选择分为淋巴细胞主动免疫组、心理干预联合黄体酮组和单纯黄体酮组,并用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法检测治疗前、后Thl(IFN-γ、TNF-α)和Th2(IL-4、IL-10)细胞因子水平,并观察妊娠结局.结果:URSA患者SCL-90自评总分、总均分、抑郁、人际关系敏感因子均高于正常对照组(P＜0.05);治疗前URSA患者IFNY、TNF-α水平高于正常对照组(P＜0.05),IL-4水平低于正常对照组(P＜0.0S).主动免疫治疗后IFN-γ、TNF-α水平降低(P＜0.05),IL-4和IL-10水平升高(P＜0.05);心理干预联合黄体酮治疗后IFN-γ、TNF-α水平降低(P＜0.05).随访至足月分娩,主动免疫组、心理干预联合黄体酮组和黄体酮组妊娠成功率分别为85.71％(54/63)、83.67％(41/49)和73.33％(22/30),黄体酮组的妊娠成功率低于其他两组(P＜0.05).结论:反复自然流产可以影响妇女的正常心理活动,较差的心理状态干扰机体免疫功能,适当心理干预可调整机体免疫功能,提高治疗效果,有临床应用价值.     

Risk Factors of Duodenobiliary Reflux-Related Dysfunction of Covered Biliary Metal Stents after Treatment of Duodenal Stricture in Patients with Malignant Biliary and Duodenal Obstruction

Duodenal obstruction is often accompanied with unresectable malignant distal biliary obstruction in patients who have undergone biliary self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) placement. Duodenobiliary reflux (DBR) is a major cause of recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO) after covered biliary SEMS placement. We analyzed the risk factors for DBR-related SEMS dysfunction following treatment for malignant duodenal obstruction. Sixty-one patients with covered SEMS who underwent treatment for duodenal obstruction were included. We excluded patients with tumor-related stent dysfunction (n = 6) or metal stent migration (n = 1). Fifty-four patients who underwent covered biliary SEMS placement followed by duodenal metal stenting or surgical gastrojejunostomy were included. Eleven patients had DBR-related biliary SEMS dysfunction after treatment of duodenal obstruction. There was no difference between the duodenal metal stenting group and the surgical gastrojejunostomy group. Duodenal obstruction below the papilla of Vater and a score of ≤2 on the Gastric Outlet Obstruction Scoring System after treatment for duodenal obstruction were associated with DBR-related covered biliary SEMS dysfunction. Thus, creating a reliable route for ensuring good oral intake and avoiding DBR in patients with duodenal obstruction below the papilla of Vater are both important factors in preventing DBR-related covered biliary SEMS dysfunction.     

吉西他滨联合紫杉醇治疗复发转移性小细胞肺癌的疗效观察

目的探讨注射用盐酸吉西他滨联合紫杉醇注射液治疗复发转移性小细胞肺癌的临床疗效。方法选取2010年1月—2012年12月宝鸡市中医医院收治的、病理组织学确诊且经过一线含铂化疗治疗过的小细胞肺癌患者78例。所有患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各39例。对照组患者静脉滴注紫杉醇注射液80 mg/m2,第1天静脉滴注3 h。治疗组患者在对照组基础上静脉滴注注射用盐酸吉西他滨1 000 mg/m2,第1、8天静脉滴注不超过1 h。每21天为一个周期,完成2个周期以上化疗且有效者继续进行,完成4个周期化疗者不再维持。随访时间为1~35个月。评价肿瘤化疗疗效和毒性反应,统计患者生存期。结果治疗后,对照组、治疗组的客观缓解率、疾病控制率分别为12.82%、43.60%,38.46%、56.41%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。与对照组比较,治疗组白细胞减少、中性粒细胞减少和血小板减少发生率显著降低(P0.05)。与对照组比较,治疗组患者的总生存率、无进展生存率差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论注射用盐酸吉西他滨联合紫杉醇注射液治疗复发转移性小细胞肺癌具有较好的临床疗效,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

The relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and recurrent wheezing in children

Gastroesophageal reflux disease occurs when gastric contents flow back into the esophagus and produce symptoms. Recurrent wheezing affects the quality of life for the patient and family. The association of gastroesophageal reflux with recurrent wheezing is suggested by different studies. The purpose of this study was to explore this relationship and to evaluate the outcome after appropriate treatment.A retrospective study on 85 children with recurrent wheezing, admitted in a pediatric gastroenterology regional center in Romania was performed. 24-hour continuous esophageal pH monitoring was used to evaluate the presence of gastroesophageal reflux and the results were interpreted using the Boix Ochoa score. All patients with positive score received treatment with proton pump inhibitors and they were evaluated again after 2 months.Gastroesophageal reflux was present in 71 children (83.5%), while 14 (16.5%) had a negative score, with a statistic significance (χ² = 6.88, P = .0086, 95% confidence interval). After 2 months treatment with proton pump inhibitors, the Boix Ochoa score was still positive in 15 patients (21.13%).Recurrent wheezing is a solid reason for evaluating the presence of gastroesophageal reflux by 24-hour continuous esophageal pH-metry. Adequate treatment of gastroesophageal reflux solves also the recurrent wheezing in the majority of patients.     

儿童复发性免疫性小脑共济失调临床特点及预后分析

目的分析儿童复发性免疫性小脑共济失调的临床特征、治疗及预后。方法收集分析2016年1月至2020年6月确诊的11例复发性免疫性小脑共济失调患儿的临床资料。结果 11例患儿中男4例、女7例,中位起病年龄2.2岁(0.8～10.8岁)。7例患儿在首次病程中有前驱感染或疫苗接种史;11例患儿均有步态异常或独坐不稳,8例有意向性震颤,5例构音障碍,5例躯体抖动,5例眼球震颤。11例患儿中,系统性自身抗体阳性5例,脑脊液白细胞升高2例,血副肿瘤综合征抗体阳性2例;脑电图背景活动慢2例;3例在复发病程中头颅磁共振(MRI)显示小脑萎缩;2例PET-CT示小脑低代谢。11例患儿随访时间中位数27个月(10～48个月),总共复发21例次,复发间隔时间中位数4个月(3～24个月);复发诱因依次为感染10例次、激素减量7例次、吗替麦考酚酯减量1例次及无明显诱因3例次。所有患儿首次发病时均首选静脉输注人免疫球蛋白及甲泼尼龙冲击治疗,症状消失或减轻。6例患儿多次复发,予利妥昔单抗免疫抑制治疗后复发减少;2例患儿在复发时发现纵隔神经节神经母细胞瘤行手术切除,症状消失或减轻。11例患儿末次发作后随访时间中位数为13个月(1～35个月);症状完全缓解4例,宽基底步态4例,躯干肢体轻微抖动3例,吐字不清2例;免疫抑制治疗后年化复发率由1.6降至0.19。结论儿童复发性免疫性小脑共济失调最常见的诱发因素为感染,女性患儿居多;首次发病时人免疫球蛋白及激素冲击治疗有效,多次复发患者免疫抑制治疗可改善病情、减少复发;部分患者合并肿瘤,应予病因治疗。