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61.
Surgical remodeling of the silhouette by aspiration lipolysis or selective lipectomy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dr. Yves-Gerard Illouz M.D. 《Aesthetic plastic surgery》1985,9(1):7-21
The author, a pioneer in originating the technique of suction lipectomy, discusses in detail the pathophysiology of the fat cell and fat metabolism. In addition, he describes the surgical means by which, since 1977, he has popularized this innovative new approach to the treatment of unsightly fat deposits in many sites in the body, including the thighs, buttocks, abdomen, hips, arms, ankles, breasts, and submental regions. 相似文献
62.
E. Remmel H. Zirngibl und Ch. Gebhardt 《Langenbeck's archives of surgery / Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie》1987,372(1):878
Summary Hemorrhage through the pancreatic duct is a form of upper gastrointestinal bleeding that is rarely described in the literature. Since 1981, we have observed ten cases of hemosuccus pancreaticus due to pancreatitis and one as a complication of an islet-cell carcinoma. The diagnosis of hemosuccus was made ten times preoperatively: eight times by checking the ERP; six times blood was seen coming out of the papilla of Vater/papilla minor; in five cases there were typical findings in the pancreatogram. Angiography showed extravasation in five cases. In our opinion, partial pancreatectomy should be the treatment of choice for pancreatitis in combination with hemosuccus pancreaticus.Zusammenfassung Blutungen über den Ductus Wirsungianus gehören zu den selten beschriebenen Blutungsursachen im oberen Gastrointestinaltrakt. Seit 1981 konnten wir insgesamt 11 Fälle von Pankreasgangblutungen, 10 davon bei Pankreatitiden, beobachten. Achtmal konnte die Diagnose Haemosuccus pancreaticus mittels ERP gestellt werden: Blutaustritt bei der Duodenoskopie sechsmal, typische Kontrastmittelaussparungen im Röntgenbild fünfmal. In der Angiographie zeigten sich bei fünf Patienten Extravasate. (Keine präoperative Diagnose in einem Fall.) Die Teilresektion des Pankreas halten wir für die Therapiemethode der Wahl bei Pankreatitiden mit dieser Komplikation. 相似文献
63.
W. Schaupp H. -W. Menges und M. Trede 《Langenbeck's archives of surgery / Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie》1987,372(1):839
Zusammenfassung In einer randomisierten Studie wurden 200 Patienten in 2 Gruppen eingeteilt: Konventionelle Cholecystektomie (CE): Magensonde, Drainage und postop. Infusionsbehandlung; ideale CE: keine Drainage, keine Magensonde, keine postop. Infusionsbehandlung. Es gab keine signifikanten Unterschiede bezüglich Schmerzmittelbedarf, OP-Zeit, postop. Aufenthaltsdauer und Fieber-Tage, Beginn der Darmtätigkeit und postop. Komplikationsrate. 2 Komplikationen wurden hervorgehoben: In der 1. Gruppe kam es zu einem subhepatischen Abscess, in der 2. zu einer Gallefistel. Schlufolgerung: Unsere ideale CE: Keine Magensonde, keine Infusionsbehandlung, aber eine subhepatische Drainage. 相似文献
64.
It has been postulated that propranolol lowers the intraocular pressure by adrenergic neurone block. However, in the isolated iris of albino rabbits, there was only a small degree of cocaine-sensitive (i.e., neuronal) accumulation of 3H-(-)-propranolol, and none at all after pretreatment of the animals with reserpine. Moreover, after preloading of the iris with 3H-(-)-propranolol, veratridine failed to release any labelled material. Hence, any adrenergic neurone blocking action of propranolol is highly unlikely.Albino and pigmented irides were first exposed to 3H-(-)-propranolol and then washed out. The results and their compartmental analysis indicated an extensive binding of 3H-(-)-propranolol in or at pigment cells; the binding is characterized by a low dissociation constant. It is very likely that the initial binding and the subsequent slow dissociation from pigment cells explains the long duration of action of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists in human therapy. 相似文献
65.
Yvonne Severne Louis Kanarek Georges Vauquelin 《Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology》1986,332(3):247-252
Summary Agonist and antagonist binding characteristics of -adrenoceptors in turkey erythrocyte ghosts were determined at different temperatures ranging between 7°C and 42°C. [3H]-DHA saturation binding experiments revealed that the antagonist-receptor interaction is entropy-driven with a small enthalpic contribution. Isoproterenol/[3H]-DHA competition binding followed the law of mass action at all the investigated temperatures. The agonist-receptor interaction is enthalpy driven with a small unfavorable decrease in entropy. This is consistent with the agonist's ability to favor an endoenergetic transconformation of the receptors.Only part of the agonist-bound receptors can undergo functional coupling to the stimulatory component of the adenylate cyclase system (Ns). This coupling process is associated with locking-in of the agonist and becomes persistent in the presence of the alkylating reagent N-ethylmaleimide. The number of agonist/N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive sites (i.e. coupling-prone receptors) increases with the temperature until it reaches a plateau value of 50% between 27–32°C. Qualitatively similar data were obtained for rat lung and turkey erythrocyte membranes. These observations suggest that the whole receptor population can undergo agonist-mediated conformational changes but that only part of them can couple to Ns. 相似文献
66.
D. J. Pettibone B. V. Clineschmidt V. J. Lotti G. E. Martin J. R. Huff W. C. Randall J. Vacca J. J. Baldwin 《Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology》1986,333(2):110-116
Summary L-654,284 ((2R, 12bS)-N-(1,3,4,6,7,12b-hexahydro-2H-benzo[b]-furo[2,3-a] quinolizine-2-yl)-N-methyl-2-hydroxyethanesulfonamide) was tested in several in vitro and in vivo models for 2-adrenoceptor antagonist activity and compared to several reference agents. In vitro L-654,284 competed for the binding of 3H-clonidine or 3H-rauwolscine (K
i's 0.8 nM, 1.1 nM) and blocked the presynaptic effects of clonidine in the rat isolated vas deferens (pA2, 9.1). L-654,284 exhibited marked 2- vs. 1-adrenoceptor selectivity in vitro, inhibiting 3H-prazosin binding with a K
i of 110 nM and blocking the effects of methoxamine on the vas deferens with a pA2 of 7.5. In vivo L-654,284 at 22 nmoles/kg i.v. doubled the ED50 of clonidine to produce mydriasis in rats. Given orally, the potency of L-654,284 in this test was reduced by a factor of 5.5. L-654,284 also potently increased cerebrocortical NE turnover in the rat, another in vivo index of 2-adrenoceptor blockade in the central nervous system. In the periphery, L-654,284 demonstrated 2-adrenoceptor selectivity by preferentially blocking the pressor effects of UK 14304 versus those of methoxamine in the pithed rat. Overall, L-654,284 was generally a more potent 2-adrenoceptor antagonist than RX 781094 with comparable 2/1 selectivity and was several times more potent and 2-selective than WY 26703 or yohimbine. In addition, L-654,284 had better (5–6 times) oral bioavailability than RX 781094 or WY 26703. 相似文献
67.
Summary The rate of unstimulated influx of Ca2+ into rat aorta smooth muscle, measured as uptake of 45Ca, was inhibited in the presence of endothelium as compared to influx in the absence of endothelium. Efflux of 45Ca from unstimulated prelabelled tissues was also reduced in the presence of endothelium. In normal physiological solution the rate of influx and efflux of Ca2+ stimulated by B-HT 920 (1 and 10 M), but not that stimulated by phenylephrine (30 nM and 1 M), was also reduced in the presence of endothelium. In the presence of the calcium entry blocker flunarizine (3 M), phenylephrine (1 M) stimulated efflux of Ca2+ was inhibited by the presence of endothelium. A correlation between inhibition of Ca2+ influx and modulation of -adrenoceptor agonist-induced contractions by endothelium could not be demonstrated, and methylene blue, an antagonist of endothelium mediated inhibition of B-HT 920 contractions, did not affect Ca2+ influx stimulated by the agonist. The effects of endothelium on Ca2+ influx and efflux are unlikely to be due to alterations by endothelium of diffusion of 45Ca or the agonists in the vessel. The results demonstrate that an endothelial derived factor or factors can reduce calcium influx into smooth muscle cells and also modulate the release of calcium from cells, perhaps by affecting intracellular calcium pumping mechanisms. A reduction of calcium influx cannot be the sole explanation for the modulatory effect of endothelium on -adrenoceptor agonist-induced contractions but an effect on intracellular calcium metabolism may be important. 相似文献
68.
Summary Agonist binding to various hormone receptors mediating adenylate cyclase inhibition is decreased by sodium ions. We studied the influence of Na+ on agonist and antagonist binding to -adrenoceptors in membrane preparations of guinea pig lung, S49 lymphoma wild-type cells (WT) and their Ns-deficient cyc– variants by measuring binding of the antagonist, [125I]iodocyanopindolol ([125I]CYP). At 37° C, sodium decreased the receptor affinity for the agonist, isoproterenol, in all three membrane preparations. In lung and WT membranes, Na+ steepened the shallow agonist competition curves in a manner similar to and synergistic with guanine nucleotides. When binding was performend at 4° C, sodium regulation but not guanine nucleotide regulation of agonist binding was preserved. At the low temperature, [125I]CYP affinity was reduced, and sodium increased [125I]CYP binding in both Ns-containing and Ns-deficient membranes by increasing the antagonist affinity without significant change in total receptor number. Compared to Na+, Li+ and K+ were much less potent and efficient in decreasing agonist and increasing antagonist binding. Na+ and Mg2+ had opposite effects on agonist binding in the Ns-containing lung and WT membranes but not in the Ns-deficient cyc– membranes. The data indicate that sodium not only regulates binding of inhibitory hormone receptors but also agonist and antagonist binding to the adenylate cyclase stimulatory -adrenoceptor. The finding that sodium regulation of -adrenoceptor binding is also observed in the Ns 2 cyc– membranes, furthermore, indicates that the target of sodium is not the -subunit of Ns but possibly a component common to both types of receptor systems regulating adenylate cyclase activity. 相似文献
69.
Long Evans rats were trained to discriminate 0.2 mg/kg IP (±)-rolipram from vehicle injection in a food-motivated two-lever operant task. Eight out of nine rats acquired the discrimination after an average of 91 sessions (min 65, max 137). The ED50 of (±)-rolipram was 0.06 mg/kg IP. Generalization tests with (–)- and (+)-rolipram showed that the (–)-isomer was 8 times more active than (+)-rolipram with an ED50 of 0.06 and 0.4 mg/kg IP respectively. The phosphodiesterase inhibitor RO 20-1724 partially (83%) generalized to (±)-rolipram in doses of 0.6 and 1.0 mg/kg IP. IBMX 5 mg/kg IP showed 63% generalization. Tests with imipramine and the (+)- and (–)-isomer of the noradrenaline uptake inhibitor oxaprotiline suggest that NA-uptake inhibiting drugs do not form an interoceptive cue which is (±)-rolipram-like. dbcAMP 12.5 mg/kg SC and 100 mg/kg SC dbcGMP did not generalize to the training drug. The nature of the discriminative stimulus produced by this dose of (±)-rolipram in rats remains to be elucidated.
Offprint requests to: R. Ortman 相似文献
70.
The analgesic ED50 values of some classical morphine congeners (morphine, methadone, fentanyl, azidomorphine) in the rat and mouse tail-flick tests were found to be similar. However, several synthetic derivatives of the natural enkephalins were more potent in mice than in rats. (These analogs contain d-amino acid in position 2 and d- or l-sulfonic (or phosphonic) acid residue in position 5). -Endorpin, d-Met2, Pro5-enkephalinamide and two partial agonists showed intermediate interspecies relative potencies. According to the data obtained, similar opiate receptors might mediate the analgesic action of classical opiates in rats and in mice. However, the opiate receptors responsible for the antinociceptive effects of the above mentioned enkephalin analogues must be dissimilar in the two species examined. The results are discussed in terms of the role of - and -receptors in mediation of the analgesic effect induced by different types of opioids. 相似文献