pokemon蛋白在胃上部癌组织中的表达对判断外科分子切缘的意义

目的探讨以pokemon蛋白判断胃上部癌手术切缘的安全距离。方法对60例胃上部癌,在肿瘤中心以及距上下切缘1．0、1．5、2．0、2．5、3．0、3．5、4．0、4．5及5．0cm处分别取材。采用Westernblot法检测pokemon蛋白的表达情况。结果60例胃癌组织中,pokemon蛋白表达阳性38例,表达阳性率为63．3％。与肿瘤中心处比较,上下切缘距离为1．0～2．0cm处组织中pokemon蛋白表达阳性率的差异均无统计学意义（P≥0．003）,而2．5～5．0cm处组织中pokemon蛋白的表达阳性率均较低（P〈0．003）。上下切缘距离达3．5cm及以上处组织中pokemon蛋白的表达阳性率均为0。上下切缘对应位置pokemon蛋白的表达阳性率比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论以pokemon蛋白的表达情况作为对胃上部癌组织切缘的研究依据,结果提示3．5cm及以外的组织pokemon蛋白的表达与正常组织无差异,可能对外科手术切缘的确定具有一定指导意义。     

Ocular complications of severe corneal abrasions after cosmetic blepharopigmentation

A 53-year-old woman with hemiparesis and poor dexterity, underwent cosmetic blepharopigmentation on the both upper eyelids in the dermatology clinic of a private hospital. She was not asked for any information on her medical history and no informed consent was obtained and the procedure was performed without any protective ocular shields. The patient experienced severe lacrimation, discomfort, and increased sensitivity to light during and after the procedure. She also noticed blurred vision after the procedure. Ophthalmologic examination revealed tender and oedematous eyelids and corneal abrasions in both of her eyes. Topical antibiotics and preservative-free lubricants were able to recover her from her signs and symptoms at 1-week follow-up. It is recommended that cosmetic blepharopigmentation should be applied cautiously with patient’s informed consent after obtaining a thorough medical history and with protective ocular shields to avoid potential complications.     

Characteristics of positive surgical margins in robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy, open retropubic radical prostatectomy, and laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: a comparative histopathologic study from a single academic center

Studies detailing differences in positive surgical margin among open retropubic radical prostatectomy, laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, and robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy are lacking. A retrospective review of all prostatectomies with positive surgical margin performed at our center in 2007 disclosed 99 cases, 6 (5%) of which were reinterpreted cases as having negative margins. Ninety-three cases were, therefore, included, corresponding to 37 retropubic radical prostatectomies, 19 laparoscopic radical prostatectomies, and 37 robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomies. The relationship of positive surgical margin characteristics to clinicopathologic parameters and biochemical recurrence was assessed. The most commonly found positive surgical margin site was the apex/distal third in all groups (62% retropubic prostatectomies, 79% laparoscopic prostatectomies, 60% robotic-assisted prostatectomies). Total linear length of positive surgical margin sites was significantly correlated with preoperative prostate-specific antigen, preoperative prostate-specific antigen density, pT stage, and tumor volume (P ≤ .001). We found no significant differences among the 3 groups with respect to total linear length, number of foci, laterality, or location of positive surgical margin. The rate of biochemical recurrence was also comparable in the 3 groups. On univariate analyses, biochemical recurrence was significantly associated with preoperative prostate-specific antigen values, preoperative prostate-specific antigen density, Gleason score, number of positive surgical margins, and total linear length of positive surgical margin (P ≤ .02). Only preoperative prostate-specific antigen density and number of positive surgical margin foci were statistically significant (P ≤ .03) independent predictors of biochemical recurrence. We found no significant difference in positive surgical margin characteristics or biochemical recurrence among the 3 radical prostatectomy modalities. Preoperative prostate-specific antigen density and number of positive surgical margin foci were the only independent predictors of biochemical recurrence.     

Hepatic resection for colorectal metastases: the impact of surgical margin status on outcome

An R0 margin width of 1 cm has traditionally been considered a prerequisite to minimize local recurrence and optimize survival following hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer. However, recent data have called into question the prognostic importance of the ‘1-cm rule’. Specifically, several studies have noted that, although an R0 resection is important, the actual margin width may not be as critical. We provide a brief overview of the impact of an R1 vs. an R0 resection on local recurrence and overall survival. In addition, we specifically review the impact of margin width in patients who have undergone an R0 resection. Finally, we highlight those factors most associated with an increased likelihood of an R1 resection and provide recommendations for avoiding and dealing with microscopic carcinoma discovered intraoperatively at the cut parenchymal transection margin.