二维超声诊断胎儿脐带绕颈136例分析

目的 了解胎儿脐带绕颈时对胎儿安危及窘迫和缺氧的影响程度。方法 采用日本Aloka-630型超声诊断仪,孕妇孕周为28-42周。结果 二维超声诊断胎儿脐带绕颈136例,经分娩证实129例。符合率94.85%。结论 二维超声诊断与分娩后证实比较,超声是诊断脐带绕颈的可靠方法之一。为分娩方式提供依据。     

死胎肺组织中HBsAg检测的临床和病理研究

目的：观察乙型肝炎病毒通过产妇传播在胎儿肺组织中表达的情况。方法：采集40例乙型肝炎产妇娩下的死胎,常规尸检,取肺组织,SP法检测HBsAg;回访产妇产前静脉血HBV的检测结果。结果：HBsAg阳性颗粒在死胎的肺泡上皮细胞细胞质、肺血管中及肺泡囊、肺泡管、细支气管表面呈点、灶状发布,肺泡上皮细胞核不着色。HBV呈大三阳的产妇较HBV呈单项阳性、小三阳的产妇分娩的死胎肺组织中HBsAg阳性率、肺泡上细胞变性、肺羊水栓塞发生率明显升高,差异显著（P＜0．05）;HBV呈单项阳性、小三阳的产妇分娩的死胎肺组织中HBsAg阳性率比较,差异不显著（P＞0．05）。结论：产妇静脉血HBV大三阳是乙型肝炎病毒通过母婴垂直传播在胎儿肺组织中表达的高危因素。     

基于coif5小波的多普勒胎心音信号提取算法的研究

胎心率监护是围产期胎儿监护的关键技术指标，超声多普勒测量胎心率是最常用的无创方法。由于胎心多普勒信号具有信噪比低、非平稳的随机性特点，提出基于coif5小波，结合双重阈值方法的胎心音信号提取算法。实验表明，该算法有效地解决了由于胎心率加倍、减半所引起的胎心率曲线翻转问题，提高了多普勒胎心音信号提取的准确性。     

FT-2 antigen for distinguishing lymphocyte subpopulations in the developing thymus

The surface phenotypes of lymphoid cells in the developing embryonic thymus were characterized by using monoclonal antibodies. FT-2 antigen thus defined was predominantly expressed on thymocytes in the earlier embryonic stages in all the inbred mouse strains tested. The immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase tests indicated that, like FT-1 antigen, the proportion of FT-2+ fetal thymocytes rapidly decreased with increase in gestation time, and these cells disappeared by day 19 of gestation. The treatment of fetal thymocytes with anti-FT-1 plus complement eliminated not only FT-1+, but also FT-2+ cells, whereas the treatment with anti-FT-2 failed to eliminate approximately 40% of FT-1+ cells, suggesting that embryonic thymocytes can be provisionally divided into at least three subpopulations, FT-1+2+, FT-1+2- and FT-1-2-.     

Human Peripheral Eosinophils with Receptors for IgM: Demonstration and Ultrastructural Morphology

Receptors for IgM were detected on peripheral blood human eosinophils by a rosette technique with ox red blood cells coated with the IgM fraction of the specific immunserum. Between 14 % and 43 % (mean 27 %) FcµR positive cells were found after an overnight incubation period at 37°C by using this technique. The specificity of the receptors for IgM was assessed by studying the inhibitory capacity of purified human IgM in the rosette assay. From an ultrastructural point of view, the EA^M rosette-forming cells are mature eosinophlic granulocytes characterized by a nucleus with a variable number of lobes and a certain number of «first type» granules partially or totally devoid of their content.     

Modulation of natural killing by tumor promoters: the regulatory influence of adherent cells varies with the type of target cell

We have analyzed the regulatory effects of two classes of tumor promoters, phorbol diesters and indole alkaloids, on human natural killer (NK) cell activity in vitro. In accordance with previous reports, we found that 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) inhibited natural killing against K 562 targets by unseparated mononuclear cells. Here, suppression of NK required the presence of adherent cells (macrophages). Contrary to the results obtained with K 562, tumor promoter-induced suppression of NK activity tested against U 937, another cell line of known NK susceptibility, was independent of the presence of adherent cells. Thus, NK cytotoxicity of effector cells rigorously depleted of adherent and Ia-positive cells was still inhibited when assayed against U 937, while it was generally enhanced when tested against K 562. Identical results were obtained with teleocidin and dihydroteleocidin B, two members of the recently discovered indole alkaloid class of tumor promoters. Therefore, we demonstrate that the regulatory effect of tumor promoters on human NK activity (suppression or stimulation) is determined not only by macrophages at the effector cell level but also by the type of target cell under study.     

胎儿卵巢组织培养与冷冻保存

对人胎儿卵巢的组织培养、冷冻保存后再复苏培养,以观察胎儿卵巢培养前后的形态学变化、培养时雌激素产生的能力以及冷冻保存对胎儿卵巢形态发育及内分泌功能的影响。结果表明:在体外培养条件下,胎儿卵巢的卵泡不仅可以维持培养前的良好形态,而且能够进一步发育成熟;培养时具有雌二醇分泌能力。冷冻保存对胎儿卵巢的卵泡发育和雌二醇分泌功能没有明显影响。提示:将中期引产胎儿卵巢冻存起来,建立“胎儿卵巢库”,可解决临床卵巢移植的供需矛盾。     

Placental leptin correlates with intrauterine fetal growth and development

目的　探讨胎盘肥胖基因及其蛋白表达水平与脐血瘦素和胎儿宫内生长发育的关系。方法　在 4 0例产妇分娩时采集胎盘与脐血 ,采用逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)检测胎盘肥胖基因mRNA相对表达水平 ,采用Western Blot检测胎盘肥胖基因蛋白 (瘦素leptin)表达水平 ,采用免疫组化观察胎盘肥胖基因蛋白表达位点 ,采用放射免疫法 (RIA)检测脐血瘦素水平 ,采用Ponderal指数 [PI=10 0×体重 (g) /身长 (cm) 3]估测新生儿营养状态。结果　胎盘组织肥胖基因呈现高效表达 ,在胎盘滋养层细胞浆内肥胖基因蛋白阳性表达。胎盘肥胖基因及其蛋白表达水平与胎儿宫内生长发育状态显著相关 ,13例小于胎龄儿胎盘组织leptin mRNA及其蛋白表达水平显著低于 15例适于胎龄儿 (P =0 .0 0 3和 0 .0 0 8) ,12例大于胎龄儿胎盘组织leptin mRNA及其蛋白表达水平显著高于适于胎龄儿 (P =0 .0 4和 0 .0 2 )。胎盘肥胖基因mRNA及其蛋白表达水平与脐血瘦素水平显著相关 (r =0 .39和0 .4 3,P <0 .0 5) ,与新生儿Ponderal指数 (PI)显著相关 (r=0 .66和 0 .69,P <0 .0 1)。结论　胎盘是脐血瘦素重要来源 ,胎盘瘦素可能对胎儿宫内生长发育有促进作用。     

宫内胎肝细胞移植形成血小板GPⅡb Bak a/b嵌合体的研究

目的　探讨宫内胎肝细胞移植是否形成人工血小板杂合子嵌合体 ,评估其在治疗血小板无力症的临床应用前景。方法　选择血小板膜GPⅡbBaka/b(GPⅡb异亮氨酸 84 3丝氨酸多态性 )作为遗传标记 ,采用等位基因特异引物PCR和FOKⅠ限制性内切酶消化技术从 4 2名引产妇筛选一例纯合子GPⅡbBaka/a作为供者 ,一例纯合子GPⅡbBakb/b作为受者 ,制备供者胎肝细胞 ,取 4ml(2 2× 10 5细胞 )在B超引导下通过脐静脉穿刺输给受者。结果　移植后 2 1天 ,用PCR FOKⅠ消化技术检测引产后受者外周血DNA和血小板RNA ,发现已形成Baka/b嵌合体。结论　我们认为宫内胎肝细胞移植可能提供一种治疗血小板无力症和其他遗传性疾病的方法。