The anterior inferior cerebellar arterial network supplying the rat cochlea and its role in autoregulation of cochlear blood flow

Summary The sensitivity of the cochlea is dependent upon maintenance of a delicate homeostatic environment. One mechanism which participates in providing this environment is the autoregulation of cochlear blood flow. This autoregulation is ensured through the interaction of sympathetic, peptidergic and hemodynamic mechanisms. The current study demonstrates an adaptation that also participates in cochlear blood flow autoregulation. Specifically, an anterior inferior cerebellar arterial network is described and the relative contributions of each of its vessels to total cochlear blood flow is measured using laser Doppler flowmetry. The results show that each collateral vessel contributes to the blood supply of the cochlea and that reperfusion is accompanied by hyperemia. These findings suggest an adaptation that provides stable blood flow through redundancy and compensatory potential. Additionally, these observations have implications for experimental models of ischemia.     

阿霉素磁性明胶微球的研究

报告了阿霉素磁性明胶微球（Ａｄｒ－ＭＧ－ｍｓ）的制备与性质，研究了超细氧化铁粒子的合成和磁性明胶微球（ＭＧ－ｍｓ）在狗体内的栓塞效果。阿霉素磁性明胶微球由２％阿霉素（Ａｄｒ）、６８％明胶和３０％的磁铁粒子组成，微球的平均粒径为２２μｍ。在体外实验中，药物释放速度证明微球有缓释的性质。磁铁粒子的平均粒径约为１０ｎｍ，磁性明胶微球与￣（９９ｍ）Ｔｃ标记磁性明胶微球通过导管分别输入狗的肝动脉内进行栓塞，照相和血管造影显示在未加外磁场时磁性明胶微球在左右肝叶分布几乎相等，而在１２００高斯的外磁场作用下，靶部位肝左叶的微球分布是肝右叶的２．２５倍，而甲状腺、脑、心脏的微球很微量，结果表明磁性明胶微球在外磁场作用下是一个很好的治疗肝癌的栓塞剂。     

Oxidative modification of high density lipoprotein induced by cultured human arterial smooth muscle cells

Objective: To observe the oxidative modification of high density lipoprotein (HDL) induced by culturedhuman arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Methods: HDL cocultured with SMCs at 37℃ in 48 h was subjected,and native HDL (N-HDL) served as control. Oxidative modification of HDL was identified by using agarose gel electro-phoresis. Absorbances of conjugated diene (CD) and lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) were measured with ultravioletspectrophotometry at 234 and 560 nm respectively, and fluorescence intensity of thiobarbuturic acid reaction substance     

区域动脉插管注射尿素治疗头面部血管瘤

本文报道6例头面部血管瘤采用区域动脉插管注射尿素治疗。其中3例单用尿素治愈。3例结合外科手术治愈。最后讨论尿素治疗的机理及优点。     

脾动脉栓塞治疗外伤性脾破裂28例临床疗效观察

目的：探讨脾动脉栓塞术对外伤性脾破裂的疗效及并发症的处理。方法：采用Seldinger法行脾动脉栓塞术治疗外伤性脾破裂28例。结果：所有患者出血立即停止，其中4例行2次栓塞。28例均有脾区疼痛，22例发热。脾动脉栓塞5天后血小板、白细胞上升近1倍，7天后恢复至正常范围。28例随访6－36月，查免疫球蛋白、CT等结果满意，未有再出血及发生暴发性感染。结论：脾动脉栓塞不但有良好的止血作用，而且能保留脾脏的免疫功能，可在非手术治疗失败时选用，是外伤性脾破裂的一种有效治疗方法。     

雾化吸入对新生儿肺炎患儿血氧饱和度的影响

采用动脉血氧饱和度仪对５２例新生儿肺炎患儿，在雾化吸入治疗过程中的动脉血氧饱和度（ＳａＯ２）进行了监测，对比了吸氧与否对ＳａＯ２改变的影响。结查表明：与基础值比较，雾化吸入时患儿的ＳａＯ２显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），而雾化吸入同时吸氧者ＳａＯ２无明显变化（Ｐ＞０．０５），但两者比较具有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果提示雾化吸入可使新生儿肺炎患儿ＳａＯ２下降；同时吸氧，对防止ＳａＯ２的下降有一定作用。     

Effects of Right Ventricular Failure on Renal Function During Pneumatic Left Ventricular Assist

Abstract: In an experimental dog model of acute biventricular failure, the effects of left ventricular (LV) assist on renal hemodynamics and function were evaluated. After the induction of severe cardiac failure by multiple ligation of the coronary arteries, LV assist with a 40 ml pneumatic pulsatile pump was initiated, and the aortic flow was maintained at control values. The right atrial pressure (RAP) rose to 21.3 mm Hg with the appearance of profound right ventricular (RV) failure. Renal arterial blood flow (RAF) decreased to about 60% of the control value after 2 h of LV assist. The urine volume decreased and renal function deteriorated progressively. RV assist decreased the RAP to 4.8 mm Hg, and the reduced RAF recovered. After 3 h of RV assist, the RAF returned to initial values and the urine volume increased, but renal function did not recover. Advanced biventricular failure with elevated RAP during LV assist reduced renal perfusion and impaired renal function and may be an indication for early RV assist     

三种去神经法对清醒大鼠动脉压力感受性反射功能的影响

目的：测定急、慢性去主动脉神经（ＡＤ）、去颈动脉窦神经（ＳＤ）、同时去主动脉和窦神经（ＳＡＤ）后大鼠动脉压力感受性反射对血压控制（ＡＢＲ－ＢＰ）和心动周期控制（ＡＢＲ－ＨＰ）的影响。方法：测定ＡＢＲ－ＢＰ采用阻断动脉压力感受性反射传出通路前后，比较机体对去氧肾上腺素升压反应面积差异的方法，所得数值与改良的Ｓｍｙｔｈ方法测定的ＡＢＲ－ＨＰ值进行比较。结果：（１）大鼠ＳＡＤ后ＡＢＲ－ＨＰ为零，且代偿不明显；而ＡＢＲ－ＢＰ约为３０％，且代偿明显；（２）ＳＤ后ＡＢＲ－ＢＰ与ＡＢＲ－ＨＰ无显著差异，而ＡＤ和ＳＡＤ后ＡＢＲ－ＢＰ的作用显著大于ＡＢＲ－ＨＰ的作用。结论：（１）大鼠的ＡＢＲ－ＨＰ传入冲动全部来自于主动脉弓和颈动脉窦的压力感受器，而ＡＢＲ－ＢＰ传入冲动大部分来自于这两处的感受器；（２）主动脉神经和窦神经感受传入在ＡＢＲ－ＢＰ中的作用是相当的，并有明显的相互代偿；而在ＡＢＲ－ＨＰ中，主动脉神经的作用比窦神经重要，其代偿能力也比窦神经显著。     

Hepatocellular carcinoma: Efficacy of transcatheter oily chemoembolization in relation to macroscopic and microscopic patterns of tumor growth among 100 patients with partial hepatectomy

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of transcatheter oily chemoembolization (TOCE) for hepatoceliular carcinoma (HCC) on the basis of microscopic and macroscopic findings postembolization. Methods: HCCs ranging in size from 0.5 to 13 cm (mean 3.6 cm) were obtained from partial hepatectomies of 100 consecutive patients who had undergone TOCE between 20 and 246 days (mean 59.5 days) prior to surgery. The efficacy of TOCE was assessed on the basis of the necrotic to live cell ratio of the tumors. The microscopic pattern of tumor growth was grouped into expanding type (complete capsule formation) and replacing type (incomplete or no capsule). There were five types of macroscopic groupings: single nodule, single nodule with extranodular growth (SNE), contiguous and noncontiguous multinodular, and massive growth type. Results: Among 79 cases with the expanding type, 29 (37%) had 100% HCC necrosis, but none with 100% necrosis were in the replacing type. By macroscopic grouping, the efficacy of TOCE decreased from the single nodule type (50% of patients had 100% necrosis) to the SNE type (21%), and the other types (9%).     

A technique for vascular reconstruction of pancreaticoduodenal allograft. A literature review and case report

In most cases, whole pancreaticoduodenal allograft vessels can be reconstructed using a segment of donor common iliac artery bifurcation. An alternative way to bridge the splenic artery and the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) is to use a short segment of distal SMA as an interposition graft, as described herein.