解毒通脉胶囊治疗UA热毒痰瘀型临床疗效研究简

目的：探讨解毒通脉胶囊对UA热毒痰瘀型的临床疗效。方法：参照卫生部2002年颁布的《中药新药治疗冠心病心绞痛}性床研究指导原则》,将90例UA热毒痰瘀型患者按2：1随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组用解毒通脉胶囊,对照组用通心络胶囊,用药4周后比较两组疗效。结果：治疗组疗效优于对照组,两组疗效比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：解毒通脉胶囊治疗UA热毒痰瘀型效果显著,值得临床广泛推广。     

Acute effects of fructose consumption on uric acid and plasma lipids in patients with impaired renal function

Objective

Metabolic disturbances are common in patients with renal function impairment and are related to high rates of cardiovascular incidents and mortality. Kidney transplantation leads to improved survival but may lead to additional metabolic alterations caused by immunosuppressive drugs and improved nutrition.

Materials and methods

The short-term effect of oral fructose load on serum uric acid (UA), plasma lipids, and blood pressure (BP) was studied in 85 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and impairment of renal function (glomerular filtration rate 50–65 ml/min per 1.73 m²), comprising 55 renal transplant recipients (RTR) treated with standard triple immunosuppressive therapy including a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) cyclosporine A (CsA) or tacrolimus (Tac) and 30 non-transplanted patients with CKD. Both non-transplanted CKD patients and RTR had stable renal function and a comparable degree of kidney dysfunction. All subjects received orally 70 g of fructose dissolved in 200 ml of water. Serum UA, lipids, and blood pressure were measured at baseline and 60, 120, 180, and 240 minutes after fructose administration.

Results

There was a significant increase of serum UA concentration (p < 0.001) in both CKD patients and RTR – CsA- or Tac-treated patients comparable in the latter. Total cholesterol (TC), LDL, and HDL cholesterol significantly decreased and serum triglycerides (TG) markedly increased in RTR, whereas in CKD patients all serum lipid fractions increased. Blood pressure was unaffected by fructose intake.

Conclusion

Both non-transplanted and transplanted patients with mild renal function impairment show similar acute purine metabolic disturbances following oral administration of fructose but in the latter dietary fructose may induce a smaller hyperlipidemic response.     

肝硬化患者血尿酸检测水平分析

目的探讨血清尿酸值（UA）的变化与肝硬化预后的关系。方法检测30例健康者以及5l例肝硬化患者的血UA、白蛋白、胆红素、凝血酶原时间、肝功能及彩色B超。结果随着临床肝硬化程度的加重，UA逐渐下降，C级与A级比较轻统计学处理有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论血清UA降低与肝硬化病情严重程度有明显关系，检测UA对判断肝硬化患者病情、转归及预后有重要参考意义，可作为反映肝硬化患者肝损害程度的辅助生化指标之一。     

Is median thoracic artery a target organ artery for estradiol and progesterone? a comparison with uterine artery

Purpose The aim of this study was to show the parallel evolution of the pulsatility index of the uterine artery and the one of the median thoracic artery.Study Design The study involved seven volunteer women, below 38, suffering from premature ovarian failure, who received E₂ and progesterone replacement therapy. Plasma levels of E₂, progesterone, follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone were measured and PI were studied and compared before treatment and on Days 13, 27 and 41.Results Before treatment, a high-resistance vascular for both arteries is uniformly found. The curves show with the increasing of the E₂ plasma levels, a decrease in the PI of UA and MTA with a fall at Day 13. We compared the mean values in MTA and UA PI. No statistical difference between the three mean values in PI obtained at Day — 1, Day 13 and Day 41 was demonstrated.Conclusion The results suggest that median thoracic artery is a target organ artery. Such as the UA, the MTA vascular resistance is according to the variations of plasma levels of E₂. In consideration of it rectilinear and superficial type, this led us to study this artery when we use different sorts of replacement therapy, and particularly in the oocyte donation program.     

Radiation sensitivity of Bloom's syndrome lymphocytes during S and G2 phases

In order to study chromosome sensitivity of Bloom's syndrome (BS) cells in relation to the replication stage, gamma-ray irradiation was performed immediately before adding bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) to lymphocyte cultures of one BS patient and of one control. It was found that BS cells are much more sensitive to the irradiation than control cells at the end of S and at G2 phases. The rate of induction of chromosome breaks is significantly increased and that of chromatid breaks and exchanges is also increased, though to a lesser degree. Our results also favor the existence of a cell subpopulation in BS characterized by a slow cycle, a high spontaneous chromosome aberration rate, and a high radiation sensitivity.     

Ursolic acid promotes the release of macrophage migration inhibitory factor via ERK2 activation in resting mouse macrophages

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) plays some pivotal roles in innate immunity and inflammation. Ursolic acid (UA), an anti-inflammatory triterpene carboxylic acid, was recently reported to induce the release of pro-inflammatory mediators in resting macrophages (Mvarphi). We investigated the effects of UA on MIF protein release in resting RAW264.7 mouse Mvarphi, and found that it decreased intracellular MIF protein levels and promoted the release of MIF into the culture media in dose- and time-dependent manners, without affecting mRNA levels. Further, the triterpene strikingly induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) within 30min, whereas no phosphorylation of p38 MAPK or JNK protein was observed. In addition, UA-promoted MIF release was significantly inhibited by PD98059, a MEK1/2 inhibitor, while siRNA for ERK2, but not ERK1, significantly decreased the amount of MIF protein released. These results suggest that UA triggers the release of intracellular MIF protein through the ERK2 activation.     

1,10-Phenanthroline stabilizes mRNA of the carcinogen-metabolizing enzyme,cytochrome P450 1a1

1,10-phenanthroline (phen), flufenamic acid, and indomethacin are inhibitors of aldo-keto reductases 1C1 (AKR1C1), but only phen decreased the benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)-induced cytochrome P450 1a1 (Cyp1a1) protein level. Therefore the decrease in the BaP-induced Cyp1a1 protein level was not due to inhibition of Akr1c1, but to phen itself. Phen decreased the BaP-induced Cyp1a1 promoter activity and protein expression, and in contrast, it increased Cyp1a1 mRNA, resulting from an increase in mRNA stability. Phen is also known as a transition metal ion-chelator. Along with the phen study, we also found that Zn²⁺, Fe²⁺ and Cu²⁺ increased Cyp1a1 mRNA and protein stability. Our results show that phen stabilized the mRNA of Cyp1a1, although it decreased cell viability. In addition, Zn²⁺ and Fe²⁺ highly neutralized phen's suppression of Cyp1a1 protein expression, but they only slightly neutralized phen's promotion of mRNA stability and suppression of cell viability, and had no effect on phen's suppression of promoter activity. Phen's effect on Cyp1a1 expression was reversible, which indicates that phen is non-covalently linked to its target. This report elucidates a new role for phen of stabilizing Cyp1a1 mRNA, and provides information for further studies on mRNA stabilization.     

Twenty-eight days repeated oral dose toxicity study of gemifloxacin in Wistar albino rats

The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential toxicity of gemifloxacin by 28-day repeated oral dose in Wistar albino rats. The test article, was administered daily by gavage to male and female rats at dose levels of 0, 50, 100, 200 mg/kg/day. At the end of treatment period, 12 rats/sex/group was sacrificed, while six extra rats/sex in the vehicle control and highest dose groups sacrificed after 14 days recovery period. During the treatment and recovery periods, clinical signs, mortality, body weights, food and water consumption, ophthalmoscopy, urinalysis, phototoxicity, hematology, serum biochemistry, synovial fluid biochemistry, electrocardiogram (ECG), gross findings, organ weights, microscopic examination of synovial fluid, and histopathology were examined. Hematological and serum biochemical investigations revealed a dose-dependent increase in the total white blood cell (WBC), total bilirubin (T-BIL), glucose (GLU), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and significant decreases in total protein (TP) were observed in both sexes at the same dose, at the end of treatment period, but the levels returned toward normal during the recovery period. Histopathology of talar joint showed that erosion of the articular surface of that joint in both sexes at the end of treatment period at the dose level of 200 mg/kg/day. Degenerative changes in tendinocytes were observed in Achilles tendon of both sexes at the high dose level at the end of treatment period. In histopathological study shows partial effacement of liver architecture and focal ulceration in gastric mucosa at the high dose level at the end of treatment period. Based on these results, it was concluded that 28 days repeated oral dose of gemifloxacin caused increases in the liver weight, WBC count, T-BIL, glucose level, ALT, decreasing the TP, cause chronic hepatitis and acute gastritis, erosion of the articular surface of joint and histopathologic changes in Achilles tendon in rats at the dose level of 200 mg/kg/day.     

冠心病多种高危因素检测结果

目的探讨超敏C反应蛋白（HS-CRP）、血脂（TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C）、血尿酸（BUA）、血糖（GLU）、D-二聚体（D-D）水平与冠心病（CHD）的关系。方法对在武汉大学人民医院住院的68例冠心病患者采用荧光免疫干式定量法测定HS-CRP,采用酶比色法测定TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C和BUA,采用免疫比浊法测定D-D水平。用SPSS 11.0统计软件对试验数据进行统计分析。结果冠心病患者HS-CRP、TG、GIU、RUA和D-D水平均明显比健康对照组高（P〈0.01）,HDL-C却比对照组低（P〈0.01）;LDL-C、TC差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论炎症、高血脂、高血糖和高尿酸血症与冠心病的发生关系密切。