Chest wall toxicity after hypofractionated proton beam therapy for liver malignancies

Purpose

Normal liver-sparing with proton beam therapy (PBT) allows for dose escalation in the treatment of liver malignancies, but it may result in high doses to the chest wall (CW). CW toxicity (CWT) data after PBT for liver malignancies are limited, with most published reports describing toxicity after a combination of hypofractionated proton and photon radiation therapy. We examined the incidence and associated factors for CWT after hypofractionated PBT for liver malignancies.

PCI术后早期抗血小板药物反应性与西雅图心绞痛量表评分的相关性研究

目的 评估PCI术后早期血栓弹力图（thromboelastography,TEG）测定的阿司匹林和氯吡格雷反应性与西雅图心绞痛量表（SAQ）评分之间的相关性。方法 43例PCI术后患者使用TEG测定出花生四烯酸（AA）和二磷酸腺苷（ADP）的最大血块强度（maximum amplitude,MA）和血小板抑制率（inhibition rate,IR）。阿司匹林反应性根据AA-IR分为低（<50%）,中（50%~85%）,高（>85%）。氯吡格雷反应性根据ADP-MA分为低（>47 mm）,中（31~47 mm）,高（<31 mm）。根据2种药物的反应性组合为联合高反应组、联合中反应组和联合低反应组。患者在PCI术前和术后4周进行SAQ评分。结果 3组患者的性别构成、年龄、植入支架数、高血压和糖尿病患病率的差异均无统计学意义。3组患者术前SAQ评分无显著差异,术后4周SAQ评分均较术前明显提高,但联合低反应组患者的SAQ评分较其他2组相对较低（P<0.05）。术后SAQ评分与抗血小板药物反应性之间存在相关性（Pearson法）。结论 PCI术后早期阿司匹林和氯吡格雷反应性与SAQ评分具有相关性,抗血小板药物低反应可能是患者PCI术后早期再发心绞痛的重要危险因素。     

Portal hypertension in infants and children with histiocytosis X.

Histiocytosis X describes a disease characterized by histiocytic infiltration of the reticuloendothelial system, skin, bones, and pituitary gland. The disseminated form frequently occurs in infants and children. Chemotherapy has significantly improved the prognosis in this disorder. Sixty-three per cent of survivors, however, have some residual disability related to fibrosis of tissues previously infiltrated by histiocytes. In instances of liver involvement, healing by fibrosis may result in cirrhosis with portal hypertension and bleeding esophageal varices. Clinical findings include hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, ascites, hypoalbuminemia, prolonged prothrombin time, and Bromsulphalein retention. Histologic examination of the liver shows a characteristic dense "macronodular" periportal cirrhotic pattern. Three children with portal hypertension and bleeding varices due to healed histiocytosis X were sucessfully managed by portosystemic shunt procedures. Portacaval, mesocaval, and central splenorenal shunts were equally effective in relieving poral hypertension. These children had neither recurrence of bleeding nor evidence of encephalopathy. Two children remain well whereas in one patient a primary hepatoma developed fourteen years posthung and he died of pulmonary metastases. Portosystemic shunt procedures effectively relieve the threat of potentially fatal variceal hemorrhage and improve the opportunity for long-term survival in children with cirrhosis and portal hypertension due to healed histiocytosis X.     

社区绝经期冠心病妇女特异性生活质量水平现况调查

目的调查沈阳市某社区绝经期冠心病妇女普适性生活质量水平现况。方法连续选择沈阳市某社区绝经期冠心病妇女74例，对照组为居住在同一社区、同龄健康女性55例。两组对象均接受了西雅图心绞痛调查问卷（SAQ问卷）和绝经期妇女常见身心症状自评表（Kupperman量表）等特异性生活质量评估工具调查。结果绝经期冠心病组SAQ问卷中各因子评分及SAQ总分均明显差于对照组，同时，前者Kupperman量表中各项条目分及Kupperman总分也均明显差于对照组（P均〈0．01～0．05）。结论沈阳市某社区绝经期冠心病妇女存在明确的特异性生活质量水平下降，对后者及时进行相关护理干预很有必要。