经尿道前列腺电切术和汽化电切术并发症48例分析

目的分析经尿道前列腺电切术（TURP）与经尿道前列腺汽化电切术（TVP）术中、术后常见并发症的原因、预防及治疗,提高手术安全性和有效性。方法回顾分析1999年5月-2006年6月本院TURP和TVP术48例並发症患者的临床资料。结果平均手术时间75min,平均切除组织41g。术中、术后出血20例,电切综合征（TURS）5例,暂时性尿失禁11例,膀胱颈部挛缩5例,尿道狭窄8例,尿路感染7例,膀胱穿孔1例。结论TURP和TVP是良性前列腺增大症安全有效的外科治疗方法,术前详细采集病史,术中正确操作,术后对病人正确指导及处理可有效减少手术并发症。     

经尿道前列腺切除术、经尿道前列腺等离子剜除术治疗BPH患者的术后康复和控尿功能比较及对睾酮、前列腺特异抗原水平的影响

目的 比较分析经尿道前列腺切除术(TURP)、经尿道前列腺等离子剜除术(PKEP)治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)患者的术后康复、控尿功能及对睾酮(T)、前列腺特异抗原(PSA)水平的影响.方法 将无锡市第九人民医院及复旦大学附属华山医院2017年4月至2019年4月间收治的100例BPH患者随机分为观察组及对照组;对照组...     

Robotic Laparoendoscopic Single-Site Radical Prostatectomy: Technique and Early Outcomes

Background

Laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) surgery is challenging. To help overcome current technical and ergonomic limitations, the da Vinci robotic platform can be applied to LESS.

Objectives

Our aim was to describe the surgical technique and to report the early outcomes of robotic LESS (R-LESS) radical prostatectomy (RP).

Design, setting, and participants

A retrospective review of prospectively captured R-LESS RP data was performed between May 2008 and May 2010. A total of 20 procedures were scheduled (12 with and 8 without pelvic lymph node dissection).

Surgical procedure

R-LESS prostatectomy was performed using the methods outlined in the paper and in the supplemental video material.

Interventions

All patients underwent R-LESS RP by one high-volume surgeon. Single-port access was achieved via a commercially available multichannel port. The da Vinci S and da Vinci Si surgical platform was used with pediatric and standard instruments.

Measurements

Preoperative, perioperative, pathologic, and functional outcomes data were analyzed.

Results and limitations

The mean age was 60.4 yr; body mass index was 25.4 kg/m². The mean operative time was 189.5 min; estimated blood loss was 142.0 ml. The average length of stay was 2.7 d, and the visual analog pain score at discharge was 1.4 of 10. Four focal positive margins were encountered, with two occurring during the first three cases. Pathology revealed a Gleason score of 3 + 3 in 3 patients, 3 + 4 in 11 patients, 4 + 3 in 4 patients, and 4 + 4 in 2 patients. There were a total of four complications according to the Clavien system including one grade 1, two grade 2, and one grade 4. The median follow-up has been 4 mo (range: 1–24 mo). Study limitations include the small sample size, the short follow-up, and the lack of comparative cohort.

Conclusions

The R-LESS RP is technically feasible and reduces some of the difficulties encountered with conventional LESS RP.     

Intrafascial nerve-sparing endoscopic extraperitoneal radical prostatectomy

OBJECTIVES: Based on our recently published anatomic studies, we present the most recent refinement of the endoscopic extraperitoneal radical prostatectomy (EERPE), the intrafascial nerve-sparing EERPE (nsEERPE). METHODS: As part of the intrafascial technique, the dissection plane is directly on the prostatic capsule, freeing the prostate laterally from its thin surrounding fascia that contains small vessels and nerves. The technique enables puboprostatic ligament preservation, leaving intact endopelvic fascia, periprostatic fascia, and neurovascular bundles. The operation was performed in 150 patients with indications for nerve-sparing procedure. RESULTS: The mean operative time was 131 min (range: 50-210 min) and the mean catheterization time was 5.9 d (range: 4-20 d). Twelve months postoperatively, 94.3% of the patients were continent (no need for pads), 4.6% had minimal stress incontinence, and one patient required >2 pads/d. At the 12-mo follow-up, the potency rates (erections sufficient for intercourse with or without the use of phosphodiesterase 5 [PDE5] inhibitors) of the patients who underwent bilateral intrafascial nsEERPE were 89.7% (age: 44-55 yr), 81.1% (age: 56-65 yr), and 61.9% (age: >65 yr). Positive surgical margins in pT2 and pT3 tumors were 4.5% and 29.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The intrafascial nsEERPE enables the dissection of the prostate with limited trauma to the surrounding fascias and the enclosed neurovascular bundles. We propose that the preserved neurovascular bundles with intrafascial nsEERPE are more viable. The results advocate this proposition.     

Phase 3 Study of Adjuvant Radiotherapy Versus Wait and See in pT3 Prostate Cancer: Impact of Pathology Review on Analysis

Background

In a randomised trial, radical prostatectomy (RP) followed by adjuvant radiotherapy (aRT) was compared with RP alone in patients with pT3 pN0 prostate cancer with or without positive margin at local pathology (German Cancer Society trial numbers ARO 96-02/AUO AP 09/95).

Objective

A pathology review was performed on 85% of RP specimens of patients to investigate the influence of pathology review on the analysis.

Design, setting, and participants

Patients post-RP (n = 385) were randomised before achieving an undetectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level to either wait and see (n = 192) or 60 Gy aRT (n = 193). Of 307 patients with undetectable PSA after RP, 262 had pathology review. These results were included prospectively into the analysis.

Outcome measurements and statistical analysis

Agreement between local and review pathology was measured by the total percentage of agreement and by simple kappa statistics. The prognostic reliability for the different parameters was analysed by Cox regression model. Event-free rates were determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis with a median follow-up of 40 mo for the wait-and-see arm and 38.5 mo for the aRT arm.

Results and limitations

There was fair concordance between pathology review and local pathologists for seminal vesicle invasion (pT3c: 91%; κ = 0.76), surgical margin status (84%; κ = 0.65), and for extraprostatic extension (pT3a/b: 75%; κ = 0.74). Agreement was much less for Gleason score (47%; κ = 0.42), whereby the review pathology resulted in a shift to Gleason score 7. In contrast to the analysis of progression-free survival with local pathology, the multivariate analysis including review pathology revealed PSMs and Gleason score >6 as significant prognostic factors.

Conclusions

Phase 3 studies of postoperative treatment of prostate cancer should be accomplished in the future with a pathology review. In daily practice, a second opinion by a pathologist experienced in urogenital pathology would be desirable, in particular, for high-risk patients after RP.     

Efficacy of tolterodine in preventing urge incontinence immediately after prostatectomy

Purpose: Urgency and urge incontinence are frequently observed after prostatectomy. Although symptoms ameliorate within a relatively short time, they usually cause significant stress and anxiety to the patient as far as their duration is concerned. Aim of our study was to determine the efficacy of tolterodine in preventing urgency and urge incontinence after catheter removal in patients that underwent prostatectomy for benign prostate hyperplasia. Patients and methods: Twenty-seven patients with moderate/severe lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic enlargement, scheduled for prostatectomy, were randomised into two groups, Group A (14 pts) received tolterodine 2 mg b.i.d starting the day of surgery, while group B patients received no such treatment. Tolterodine treatment was discontinued 15 days after catheter removal. All patients completed the International Prostatic Symptom Score (IPSS) and the International Continence Society (ICS-BPH) forms the day before surgery, and three times more, one, fifteen and thirty days after catheter removal. Results: Pre-operative total 1PSS and frequency of urgency/urge incontinence as determined by questions 3 and 4 of the ICS-BPH questionnaire were equally distributed between groups. Tolterodine was well tolerated and no adverse effects were reported. Post-operative IPSS and QoL scores did not differ between groups. However, the frequency of urge incontinence both the first day and fifteen days after catheter removal was significantly lower in the tolterodine group (16.6% vs. 69.2%, p=0.004 and 8.3% vs. 38.4%, p=0.039, respectively). Conclusion: Tolterodine was well tolerated in all patients and had a beneficial effect regarding the postoperative urge incontinence. Trials of a larger scale could determine which patients would benefit more, especially according to the presence of storage lower urinary tract symptoms prior to surgery.     

Outcome of Transurethral Plasmakinetic Vaporization for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Purpose

To assess the outcome of transurethral plasmakinetic vaporization (PKVP) in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Patients and methods

From August 2010 to May 2012, 60 patients with obstructive LUTS due to BPH were included in the study. All patients were evaluated by International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), general examination, digital rectal examination, PSA, routine laboratory examinations, pelvi-abdominal ultrasound, trans-rectal ultrasound, and uroflowmetry. Patients with Qmax of <10 mL/sec., an IPSS of >8 and a prostate volume of >40 mL underwent transurethral PKVP.

Results

Mean age of the patients was 66.8±4.5 years. The mean times of the operation, post-operative bladder irrigation, and post-operative catheterization were 63.8±13.9 minutes, 15.2±5.7 hours, and 23.9±5.2 hours, respectively. At 3 months of follow-up, there were significant reductions in the mean IPSS from 23.4±3.5 to 9.2±3.7 (P=0.4), mean PSA from 3.03±2.2 ng/mL to 1.2±1.04 ng/mL (P value=0.02), mean post voiding residual urine from 149.8±59.5 mL to 46.9±24.1 mL (P value <0.01), and mean prostate volume from 72.8±10.3 mL to 22.7±6.1 mL (P value <0.01). Also, there was a statistically significant increase in the mean Q max. from 8.7±2.4 mL/s to 19.5±3.5 mL/s (P value <0.01).

Conclusion

PKVP is an effective and safe treatment option in the management of symptomatic BPH.