经尿道前列腺切除术后膀胱痉挛相关因素分析及临床治疗

目的探讨经尿道前列腺切除术后膀胱痉挛相关致病因素与临床治疗方法。方法回顾性分析我院2008年8月-2010年6月行经尿道前列腺切除术患者临床资料。结果101例患者中发生膀胱痉挛49例，发生率为48．5％；对照组和实验组患者治疗有效率分别为80％和100％，实验组治疗有效率明显高于对照组，组间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论经尿道前列腺切除术术后膀胱痉挛与膀胱内环境不稳定、术后出血、精神因素有关；通过综合治疗能够有效控制症状，减轻患者痛苦，减少并发症，具有临床推广使用价值。     

Outcome of Transurethral Plasmakinetic Vaporization for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Purpose

To assess the outcome of transurethral plasmakinetic vaporization (PKVP) in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Patients and methods

From August 2010 to May 2012, 60 patients with obstructive LUTS due to BPH were included in the study. All patients were evaluated by International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), general examination, digital rectal examination, PSA, routine laboratory examinations, pelvi-abdominal ultrasound, trans-rectal ultrasound, and uroflowmetry. Patients with Qmax of <10 mL/sec., an IPSS of >8 and a prostate volume of >40 mL underwent transurethral PKVP.

Results

Mean age of the patients was 66.8±4.5 years. The mean times of the operation, post-operative bladder irrigation, and post-operative catheterization were 63.8±13.9 minutes, 15.2±5.7 hours, and 23.9±5.2 hours, respectively. At 3 months of follow-up, there were significant reductions in the mean IPSS from 23.4±3.5 to 9.2±3.7 (P=0.4), mean PSA from 3.03±2.2 ng/mL to 1.2±1.04 ng/mL (P value=0.02), mean post voiding residual urine from 149.8±59.5 mL to 46.9±24.1 mL (P value <0.01), and mean prostate volume from 72.8±10.3 mL to 22.7±6.1 mL (P value <0.01). Also, there was a statistically significant increase in the mean Q max. from 8.7±2.4 mL/s to 19.5±3.5 mL/s (P value <0.01).

Conclusion

PKVP is an effective and safe treatment option in the management of symptomatic BPH.     

Phase 3 Study of Adjuvant Radiotherapy Versus Wait and See in pT3 Prostate Cancer: Impact of Pathology Review on Analysis

Background

In a randomised trial, radical prostatectomy (RP) followed by adjuvant radiotherapy (aRT) was compared with RP alone in patients with pT3 pN0 prostate cancer with or without positive margin at local pathology (German Cancer Society trial numbers ARO 96-02/AUO AP 09/95).

Objective

A pathology review was performed on 85% of RP specimens of patients to investigate the influence of pathology review on the analysis.

Design, setting, and participants

Patients post-RP (n = 385) were randomised before achieving an undetectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level to either wait and see (n = 192) or 60 Gy aRT (n = 193). Of 307 patients with undetectable PSA after RP, 262 had pathology review. These results were included prospectively into the analysis.

Outcome measurements and statistical analysis

Agreement between local and review pathology was measured by the total percentage of agreement and by simple kappa statistics. The prognostic reliability for the different parameters was analysed by Cox regression model. Event-free rates were determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis with a median follow-up of 40 mo for the wait-and-see arm and 38.5 mo for the aRT arm.

Results and limitations

There was fair concordance between pathology review and local pathologists for seminal vesicle invasion (pT3c: 91%; κ = 0.76), surgical margin status (84%; κ = 0.65), and for extraprostatic extension (pT3a/b: 75%; κ = 0.74). Agreement was much less for Gleason score (47%; κ = 0.42), whereby the review pathology resulted in a shift to Gleason score 7. In contrast to the analysis of progression-free survival with local pathology, the multivariate analysis including review pathology revealed PSMs and Gleason score >6 as significant prognostic factors.

Conclusions

Phase 3 studies of postoperative treatment of prostate cancer should be accomplished in the future with a pathology review. In daily practice, a second opinion by a pathologist experienced in urogenital pathology would be desirable, in particular, for high-risk patients after RP.     

前列腺癌根治切除术中采用神经电调节改善早期排尿功能障碍的临床研究

目的 探讨前列腺癌根治切除术中采用神经电调节改善早期排尿功能障碍的临床效果.方法 2013年8月至2015年4月选择在本院泌尿外科进行诊治的前列腺癌患者120例,根据随机抽签原则分为观察组与对照组各60例,所有患者都给予腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治切除术,对照组在围手术期给予会阴部肌肉常规锻炼,观察组在对照组干预的基础上采用神经电调节治疗.结果 观察组的首次反射排尿时间和平衡膀胱建立时间分别为(7.81±2.14)d和(22.19 ±5.29)d,都明显少于对照组的(9.13±1.49)d和(25.30±6.14)d(P＜0.05).针对术后有效率进行研究发现,对照组和观察组的数据分别为88.3％和98.3％,观察组比对照组明显要高(P＜0.05).观察组术后6个月盆腔血肿、切口感染、吻合口漏、尿失禁、尿潴留等并发症发生情况明显少于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 前列腺癌根治切除术中采用神经电调节治疗可有效缓解患者排尿障碍的症状和体征,减少术后并发症的发生,有很好的临床应用价值.