金属基底上聚合吡咯的电化学及电镜表征

用循环伏安法研究了吡咯在不同金属基底不同支持电解质中的聚合过程，对不同基底上制备的聚吡咯膜进行了电化学、扫描电镜、表面能谱等方面的研究，考察了聚吡咯膜电极对ＮＯ_３－离子的电位响应情况，结果表明，不同基底不同支持电解质在不同的吡咯浓度中表现出各异的伏安行为，经电化学处理的聚吡咯膜电极均对ＮＯ_３－呈Ｎｅｒｎｓｔ响应，扫描电镜观察表明除Ｐｔ基底外在其它基底上制备的聚吡咯膜均呈颗粒性球状堆集。     

Sustained low-grade pro-inflammatory state in unmedicated, remitted women with major depressive disorder as evidenced by elevated serum levels of the acute phase proteins C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A.

BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) shows increased coronary artery disease (CAD) risk of unknown mechanism(s). MDD is more common in women than men; CAD diagnosis can be difficult in women. Elevations of the inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) predict increased CAD risk in populations; few data on these markers exist in MDD, particularly in remitted patients. METHODS: We measured fasting am serum CRP (high sensitivity, CRP(hs)) and SAA in 18 unmedicated, remitted women with MDD (mean age 41 +/- (SD)12, body mass index (BMI) 25.2 +/- 4.1 kg/m(2)) and 18 BMI-matched healthy control subjects (age 36 +/- 10, BMI 25.3 +/- 3.8 kg/m(2)) on 2 separate occasions, > or = 6 days apart. RESULTS: Repeat SAA and CRP(hs) measurements strongly correlated across study days (SAA: r = .83, p < .001; CRP(hs): r = .94, p < .001). Both SAA (5.30 +/- 3.39 vs. 2.84 +/- 1.87 mg/L, p < .005) and CRP(hs) (3.23 +/- 3.17 vs. 1.12 +/- 1.45 mg/L; p < .01) were significantly elevated in MDD women versus controls. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated SAA and CRP(hs) in remitted, unmedicated women with MDD indicate a pro-inflammatory state unrelated to current depressive symptoms or pharmacotherapy. These findings suggest that inflammatory mechanisms may in part underlie findings of increased CAD risk in MDD.     

孕激素联合化疗治疗卵巢上皮性癌

目的 分析孕激素联合以铂类为主的常规化疗对卵巢上皮性癌1～4期患者的临床疗效。方法 以已行瘤体减灭术的卵巢上皮性癌患者1～4期为研究对象，分为单纯化疗组、己酸孕酮组和普维拉组。随访、统计各组各期患者的生存率及复发率、血清激素水平、骨密度变化以及化疗副反应。结果 孕激素联合以铂类为主的化疗对早期卵巢上皮性癌的预后无明显影响，但对晚期(3期)卵巢上皮性癌的术后近期以及远期(2～5年)生存率及复发率均有改善趋势。单纯化疗组、己酸孕酮组、普维拉组3期患者术后3年生存率分别为34．8％、66．2％、73．9％，复发率分别为72．2％、47．3％、40．6％；单纯化疗组、己酸孕酮组术后5年生存率分别为17．4％、48．4％，复发率分别为81．5％、62．4％。孕激素的使用不影响患者血清激素水平，也不增加化疗的毒、副作用。联合孕激素治疗的患者术后骨密度下降较一般绝经后妇女慢。结论 孕激素联合以铂类为主的常规化疗可改善晚期卵巢上皮性癌的预后，并且不增加化疗的毒副作用，可改善患者的骨量丢失。     

听性脑干反应和听觉相关电位测试对聋儿听力的评估

目的:探讨听性脑干反应(ABR)和40 Hz听觉相关电位(40Hz AERP)测试的相关性及对聋儿听力评估的重要性。方法:对401例6岁以下聋儿行ABR和40Hz AERP测试并比较。结果:ABR测试无反应者为589耳(73.4％),40 Hz AERP测试无反应者为311耳(19.4％),前者明显高于后者(P<0.01)。两种测试中有残余听力的耳数随阈值的升高,检出率亦升高,结论:ABR测试只反映高频听阈,无反应率高,而40 Hz AERP可显示低、中频的听阈,无反应率低。两种测试应同时进行,可全面了解聋儿的听力损失情况。同时因聋儿多为重度聋,更应及早选配助听器。     

卵巢低反应患者大剂量超排卵的助孕结局

在辅助生殖助孕中通常采用控制性卵巢刺激(controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, COS),以获得适当数量的卵子用于体外受精,既希望获得理想的辅助生殖助孕成功率,又能降低卵巢过度刺激并发症.COS中约有9%~24%[1,2]的卵巢低反应发生率.卵巢低反应者获得有效卵子数少、可移植胚胎数少或无胚胎移植、取消治疗周期率高,累计成功率更低等,导致较差的治疗结局,是辅助生殖助孕中面临的棘手问题.针对卵巢低反应者,大多数辅助生殖中心仍会采用增加促性腺激素(Gn)的起始和(或)总用量以期获得提高助孕结局的目的.而大剂量Gn是否为改善低反应患者助孕结局的有效策略却仍存在争议.     

Sympathetic skin response in patients with myasthenia gravis★ A comparative analysis

BACKGROUND: The examination of sympathetic skin response is an important index for assessing the autonomic nerve function, and patients with myasthenia gravis are always accompanied by dysautonomia. Therefore, it will be important to know whether sympathetic skin response can be used as the index for the clinical evaluation of myasthenia gravis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnostic value of sympathetic skin response in the damage of autonomic nerve function of patients with myasthenia gravis. DESIGN: A case-controlled comparative observation. SETTING: Department of Neurology and Room of Nerve Electromyogram, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty outpatients or inpatients with myasthenia gravis were selected from the Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from May 2006 to May 2007, including 9 males and 21 females, aged 8–72 years with a mean age of (28±5) years old. They were all accorded with the diagnostic standards of myasthenia gravis, accompanied by different severity of autonomic nerve symptoms, including poor skin nutrition, sweating of hands and feet, pyknocardia, persistent hypotension, abdominal pain, constipation, etc. They all had not taken any drug affecting the autonomic nerve function before the examination. Informed consents were obtained from all the patients. Meanwhile, 30 healthy physical examinees were enrolled as the normal control group, including 10 males and 20 females, aged 10–75 years with a mean age of (31±5) years old. Approval was obtained from the hospital ethic committee. METHODS: After admission, the patients were examined with sympathetic skin response using DANTEC keypoint 2.0 electromyography evoked potential apparatus (Danmark). The changes of the latency and wave amplitude of sympathetic skin response were observed. The subjects in the normal control group were examined with the same methods at physical examination. Abnormality was judged by the disappearance of wave form, latency longer than that in the normal control group by Mean±2.5SD, or wave amplitude lower than the average value in the normal control group by 50%. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The results of the latency and wave amplitude of sympathetic skin response were compared between the patients with myasthenia gravis and normal controls. RESULTS: All the 30 patients with myasthenia gravis and 30 healthy physical examinees were involved in the final analysis of results. There were no significant differences between the left and right upper and lower limbs in both the myasthenia gravis group and normal control group (P > 0.05). In the myasthenia gravis group, the abnormal rate of sympathetic skin response was 37% (11/30), the latency was prolonged and the wave amplitude was decreased as compared with those in the normal control group, and there were significant differences (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Sympathetic skin response can be used as an electrophysiological index for judging the damages of autonomic nerve function in patients with myasthenia gravis.     

经阴道行良性卵巢囊肿剥离术195例报告

目的探讨经阴道行良性卵巢囊肿剥离术的临床实用价值.方法2001年1月2004年6月对有手术指征的良性卵巢囊肿195例实施阴式手术,并观察有关手术指标.结果经阴道完成手术190例,5例因盆腔广泛粘连中转开腹.手术时间45～83 min,平均50 min.术中出血30～90 ml,平均45 ml.术后排气时间4～24 h,平均8.5 h.术后病率18.4%(35/190).183例随访2周内恢复日常家务及工作者分别为72.1%(132/183)、48.1%(88/183).结论经阴道行良性卵巢囊肿剥离术是一种安全、微创的手术.     

Workshop on Late Renal Allograft Dysfunction

Despite continued improvement in incidence of acute immune injury and short-term graft survival, late allograft dysfunction remains a significant problem in the renal transplant population. Recent reports suggest that rates of renal function decline are quite varied in the overall recipient population, and that individual rates for many recipients may not change substantially over time. Moreover, analyses also reveal distinct predictive factors for both early and late functional decline. Long-term outcome studies for renal transplantation, however, might be significantly limited by incomplete data sets for assessing clinical endpoints. In view of the heterogeneous factors that may cause progressive allograft injury, more routine biopsy sampling would allow a more complete characterization of induced injuries. Elucidating mechanisms of renal fibrosis in response to injury, in experimental systems and humans, is also an important goal in better understanding chronic allograft damage. Regulation of cell senescence genes and epithelial to mesenchymal transition, studied in other models of renal fibrosis, are likely relevant to studies of renal allograft dysfunction. Recent technical advances in analyzing biological samples may play a pivotal role in identifying and validating surrogate markers of allograft function for future interventional trials in transplantation.     

胰岛素和睾酮对Ishikawa细胞葡萄糖转运蛋白4表达的影响

目的探讨胰岛素(INS)和睾酮(T)对多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)子宫内膜腺上皮细胞生长的影响和葡萄糖转运蛋白4(GLUT4)表达的调节机制。方法体外培养Ishikawa细胞,予不同浓度INS(90、60、30、3、0.3 U/L)或T(10-3、10-4、10-5、10-6、10-7mmol/ml)刺激Ishikawa细胞48 h,MTT法检测INS、T对Ishikawa细胞生长的作用;免疫细胞化学检测GLUT4蛋白在Ishikawa细胞定位表达;分别以30 U/L INS和10-5mmol/ml T刺激Ishikawa细胞24和48 h,逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法测定INS和T对Ishikawa细胞GLUT4 mRNA表达的影响。结果(1)不同浓度的INS均可促进Ishikawa细胞的生长,随着INS浓度的增加,INS促进Ishikawa细胞生长作用越强,INS浓度自0.3~30 U/L时,Ishikawa细胞生长依次加强,与对照组相比均有显著性差异(P<0.01)。INS浓度达60、90 U/L时,细胞生长状况与INS浓度为30 U/L相似。不同浓度的T均可抑制Ishikawa细胞的生长,随着T浓度的增加,T抑制Ishikawa细胞生长作用越明显。T浓度自10-7、10-6、10-5mmol/ml,Ishikawa细胞生长依次减弱,与对照组相比均有显著性差异(P<0.01,P<0.05),T浓度达10-4、10-3mmol/ml时,细胞生长抑制状况与T浓度10-5mg/ml相似。(2)GLUT4蛋白,定位表达于Ishikawa细胞的细胞浆内。(3)Ishikawa细胞中GLUT4 mRNA表达,在INS组和T组均较对照组减弱(P<0.01,P<0.05),INS组比T组减弱更明显(P<0.05),且INS和T作用24和48 h GLUT4 mRNA表达无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论不同浓度INS和T均可影响Ishikawa细胞生长,并降低GLUT4 mRNA的表达,推测PCOS高胰岛素、高雄激素血症的病理生理特性有可能影响子宫内膜的代谢过程,与子宫内膜的病变相关。