Elf-1在胃癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨转录因子Elf-1在胃癌组织中的表达及其与胃癌临床病理学特征的关系.方法 采用免疫组织化学染色的方法检测70例胃癌组织及相应的癌旁组织、远癌黏膜组织中Elf-1的表达,分析Elf-1表达与胃癌及其临床病理特征的关系.结果 Elf-1在胃癌、癌旁组织、远癌黏膜组织中表达的阳性率分别为88.6%、55.7%、5.0%,Elf-1在胃癌中的表达率明显高于癌旁组织及远癌黏膜组织,差异有显著性(Hc=70.11,P<0.01);Elf-1在胃癌中的表达与分化程度、浸润深度、临床分期及淋巴结转移有关(Hc=-4.81～19.62,P<0.01).结论 Elf-1与胃癌的发生及发展有关,检测Elf-1的表达水平对于胃癌早期诊断及预后评估具有重要参考价值.     

Gene therapy strategies for the treatment of cancer. A review

This review summarizes current trends in cancer gene therapy. The diversity of approaches and rapid application of technical improvements reflects the interest in this emerging field. Major topics include the restoration of tumor suppressor genes and inhibition of oncogenes, stimulation of the immune response against tumors, and sensitization of cancer cells to systemically administered prodrugs. Special attention is focused on methodstumor targeting and the development of new vectors.      

腮腺肿瘤及瘤旁腺泡p16、p21和DNA定量研究

目的：探讨腮腺肿瘤切除后瘤旁腺泡生物学特性与肿瘤复发及恶变的关系。方法：应用免疫组织化学、流式细胞术对68例腮腺肿瘤及瘤及腺泡p16、p21的表达和DNA定量进行了分析。结果：良恶性肿瘤p16、p21蛋白表达阳性目标值明显于正常腺泡（P＜0．01）,表达区域主要位于腺管样或肌上皮团块区的细胞浆中,部分肿瘤及瘤旁腺泡分别为强阳性和弱性表达,复发性腮腺深叶包膜不完整肿瘤阳性目标值高于原发性腮腺浅叶包膜完整的肿瘤（P＜0．05）。DI、S％和PI指数良恶性肿瘤及瘤旁腺泡均于常腺泡（P＜0．05）。结论：p16多肿瘤抑制基因丢失,p21癌基因突变时,腮腺肿瘤瘤旁腺泡在术后可能处于一种“准新生物”状态,具有较强的增殖能力,它们在肿瘤复发,恶变中具有潜在的趋势。     

Protein tyrosine kinase activity in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Summary Oncogenes play an important role in the process of malignant transformation. Since many of the protein tyrosine kinases (PTK) are products of oncogenes, the aim of this study was to demonstrate whether an increased PTK activity could be found in head and neck tumors. By using a non-radioactive dot-blot assay, PTK activity was measured in tumor and normal tissues of 38 patients with laryngeal cancer. The control group consisted of 19 healthy persons. PTK activity in tumor cells was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than in normal cells of the tumor patients and normal controls. Additionally, the PTK activity in the normal mucosa of the tumor patients was significantly higher than in the normal mucosa of the control group.Correspondence to: H. P. Verschuur     

Detection ofrat gene alterations andras proteins in colorectal cancer

DNA extracted from 31 primary colorectal carcinomas was analyzed for the presence ofras gene amplification and mutations. Nine carcinomas had Ha-ras amplification and seven Ki-ras amplification. Nine carcinomas had codon 12 Ki-ras mutations. Immunohistochemical staining forras proteins revealed a normal membrane association in normal mucosa and benign polyps but an abnormal cytoplasmic distribution in carcinomas. Amplification, mutations, and immunohistochemical staining were independent of histologic differentiation, Duke's stage, or DNA ploidy status. This study demonstrates that abnormalities ofras genes are a common finding in colorectal carcinomas. They are potentially important biologic changes associated with malignancy, although they do not appear to be related to clinical behavior. Supported by The Cancer Research Campaign and the North West Regional Health Authority.     

p53和p21^WAF—l在贲门癌变过程中的表达及关系

目的 探讨p53、p21^WAF—l蛋白与贲门癌发生发展的关系及其相互关系。方法 采用免疫组化方法检测26例贲门粘膜轻度炎症、28例重度炎症、21例不典型增生和60例贲门腺癌组织中p53、p21^WAF—l蛋白的表达状况。结果 ①随贲门上皮病变的加重，p53蛋白的阳性表达率呈上升趋势。从轻度炎症→重度炎症→不典型增生→腺癌，p53蛋白的阳性表达率分别为15．4％、39．1％、57．1％和66．7％。②贲门腺癌中p53多为高表达(55％)，与其他各组比较差异显。③不典型增生中p21^WAF—l蛋白表达最强，腺癌组p21^WAF—l阳性表达率21．6％明显低于轻度炎症组和不典型增生组。④p53、p21^WAF—l蛋白表达一致占51．8％，表达不一致占48．1％，两表达无显相关性。结论p53、p21^WAF—l在贲门癌发生发展中起重要作用。在贲门癌变过程中，p21^WAF—l的诱导存在着不依赖p53的途径。     

Molecular pathology of ovarian carcinomas

 There is evidence that ovarian cancer may be derived from the progressive transformation of benign and/or borderline tumours. Mutations involving different oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes accumulate during the process of malignant transformation, and the alterations of genes involved in the pathogenesis of familial ovarian cancer are probably early events in ovarian tumorigenesis. BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 act as classical tumour suppressor genes in hereditary tumours, but their role in sporadic tumours remains controversial; however, a high frequency of allele losses in BRCA-1 (17q) and BRCA-2 (13q) loci has been observed in both familial and sporadic tumours. The possible role of mismatch repair genes and microsatellite instability is also controversial, but a role for them has been proposed in borderline tumours. Mutations in K-ras are specific for mucinous tumours and may be related to mucinous differentiation. Finally, a role in tumour progression has been proposed for both c-erb B-2 and p53, but their practical value in prognosis remains questionable. Received: 29 May 1997 / Accepted: 2 April 1998     

癌基因N—myc和c—myc在脑膜瘤中的表达及意义

目的：探讨癌基因Ｎｍｙｃ 和ｃｍｙｃ 在脑膜瘤中的表达状况及其作用。方法：用原位杂交和图像分析相结合的方法对这两种癌基因在３０ 例脑膜瘤中的ｍＲＮＡ表达进行了定位、定量研究。结果：ｃｍｙｃ 和Ｎｍｙｃ 在脑膜瘤中的表达率分别为４３．３％ 和１６．７％ ,统计分析表明Ｎｍｙｃ 在良、恶性脑膜瘤间有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：ｃｍｙｃ 在脑膜瘤发生发展中具有重要作用,而Ｎｍｙｃ 在脑膜瘤形成中作用较小,但Ｎｍｙｃ 高水平表达可能与脑膜瘤的不良预后有关。