Tratamiento del embarazo ectópico cervical con metotrexato y rescate con leucovorina

Objective

To present two cases of cervical ectopic pregnancy successfully treated with systemic methotrexate.

Subjects and methods

Two women with a cervical ectopic pregnancy. Interventions: alternative day regime of methotrexate 1 mg/kg (days 1,3,5 and 7) with folinic acid rescue (days 2, 4, 6, and 8). End points: successful treatment.

Results

Two cases of ectopic cervical pregnancy were successfully treated and preserved their reproductive capability.

Conclusions

Conservative medical treatment of cervical ectopic pregnancy with systemic methotrexate is safe and effective.     

Éxito en el manejo conservador del acretismo placentario mediante embolización y metotrexato

Introduction

The incidence of placenta accreta has risen and this entity can cause postpartum hemorrhage, often requiring obstetric hysterectomy. There are, however, alternative conservative treatments to surgery.

Case report

A 38-year-old woman in her first pregnancy underwent manual removal of the placenta, with moderate hemorrhaging and subsequent curettage. The diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasound scan and magnetic resonance imaging. Selective embolization of the nutritional vessel was performed and methotrexate was administered. Three days after the embolization, the placental mass was expelled.

Conclusions

Selective embolization of a nutritional vessel and adjuvant treatment with methotrexate are conservative techniques that allow preservation of both the uterus and fertility. According to previous reports in the literature, the time interval between delivery and definitive placental expulsion was lower in our case than in other conservatively managed cases.     

Manejo de la gestación ectópica cervical. Tratamiento médico con pauta multidosis de metotrexato intramuscular; a propósito de un caso

Cervical pregnancy is a rare form of extra-uterine pregnancy, and is associated with high rate of morbidity and mortality. It is estimated that 1 of 9000 ectopic pregnancies are implanted at the level of the cervix (less than 1% of extra-uterine pregnancies). Recent advances in diagnostic imaging and high resolution ultrasound have made its early diagnosis possible, and consequently, improve the conservative medical and surgical treatment. Among them, the multiple-dose treatment scheme with systemic methotrexate can be an effective and safe option. This has a success rate of 92.7%, with a considerable reduction in the number of major complications, as well as preserving fertility. The case is presented of a patient diagnosed with cervical ectopic pregnancy, treated with a scheme of multiple doses of intramuscular methotrexate combined with folinic acid, with an excellent response and complete resolution.     

Tratamiento médico de la gestación ectópica cervical: Nuevos avances

We report a case of cervical ectopic pregnancy with successful conservative treatment. The patient was treated with systemic methotrexate injections, which initially proved effective. However, severe genital bleeding subsequently developed, requiring cervical dilation and curettage for resolution. A radical change in the therapeutic approach was not required.     

Embarazo ectópico recurrente ipsolateral

An ectopic pregnancy is a common pathology in the first trimester, with an increasing incidence due to several factors. Ruptured ectopic pregnancy is one of the most dangerous emergencies in the obstetric patient, since this is a condition responsible for most pregnancy-related deaths in the first trimester. Any woman in fertile age with vaginal bleeding and/or abdominal pain can have an ectopic pregnancy, therefore we must always be aware of it, even more so if our patient has risk factors, such as previous tubal surgery.     

Experts document on methotrexate use in combined therapy with biological or targeted synthetic disease modifying drugs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

ObjectiveWe aimed to develop recommendations for the management of methotrexate (MTX) when considering the combination with biological (b) or targeted synthetic (ts) disease modifying drugs (DMARDs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsEleven experts on RA were selected. Two coordinators formulated 13 questions about the combination therapy of MTX with bDMARDs or tsDMARDs. A systematic review was conducted to answer the questions. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established as well as the search strategies (Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched up to January 2019). Two reviewers selected the articles and collected data. Simultaneously, EULAR and ACR meeting abstracts were evaluated. Based on this evidence, the coordinators proposed preliminary recommendations that the experts discussed and voted in a nominal group meeting. The level of evidence and grade of recommendation was established using the Oxford Center for Evidence Based Medicine and the level of agreement with a Delphi. Agreement was established if at least 80% of the experts voted ‘yes’ (yes/no).ResultsThe systematic review retrieved 513 citations of which 61 were finally included. A total of 10 recommendations were generated, voted and accepted. The level of agreement was very high in all of them and it was achieved in the first Delphi round. Final recommendations cover aspects such as the optimal MTX dosage, tapering strategy or patients’ risk management.ConclusionsThis document is intended to help clinicians solve usual clinical questions and facilitate decision making when treating RA patients with MTX in combination with bDMARDs or tsDMARDs.     

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of leflunomide and methotrexate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

Objective

To assess the efficacy and side effects of methotrexate and leflunomide in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as the first disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD).

Metotrexato sistémico o intrasacular en el tratamiento del embarazo cervical

We present a case of cervical ectopic pregnancy diagnosed in the sixth week of gestation. The speed of diagnosis and good clinical status of the patient allowed conservative treatment to be applied. Two doses of systemic methotrexate were required to decrease human chorionic gonadotrophin (βHCG) values followed by the use of intrasaccular methotrexate due to the persistence of the ultrasound image.Medical treatment with systemic and/or intrasaccular methotrexate is a highly effective measure to achieve low morbidity. This option allows more aggressive techniques to be reserved for patients unresponsive to this treatment or those with complications.