不同阶层育龄妇女婚姻质量及其影响因素分析

目的:探讨不同阶层的育龄妇女婚姻质量及影响因素。方法:采用分层整群抽样方法,使用Olson婚姻质量问卷、艾森克个性问卷等工具,随机调查已婚育龄妇女,共计175例完整资料。按阶层不同,把研究对象分为较高阶层组(计划生育服务者,A组;服务对象,B组)和较低阶层组(服务对象,C组)。对3组有关指标进行分析。结果:①A组、B组婚姻质量“总分”比C组高(P<0.05);A组与B组婚姻质量“总分”无统计学差异(P>0.05)。②逐步多元回归分析显示:A组7个变量进入方程,为婚龄、年龄、经济福利满意度、积极应对方式、神经质、客观社会支持、负性生活事件频数;B组4个变量进入方程,为神经质、积极应对方式、精神质、社会支持利用度;C组8个变量进入方程,为社会支持总分、主观社会支持分、社会支持利用度、客观社会支持分、精神质、神经质、内外向、婚龄。结论:A组与B组婚姻质量差异无显著性,二者均高于较低阶层组;阶层是影响婚姻质量的重要因素;3组婚姻质量的影响因素不尽相同。     

论新编配体制下军队中小医院的建设与发展

分析和总结了军队中小医院在现行人员编配体制下,医院在管理、经营和发展中面临的主要问题和困难;结合工作实践,从正确认识新编制、积极适应新编制、认真落实新编制三个方面论述了解决问题的办法。     

SPECT探头系统的校正与调试

本文阐明了对SPECT探头校正与调试的重要性,特别是对探头校正与调试的具体方法与步骤作了详细介绍。     

扩肛式智能正压回流洗肠装置的设计与研制

目的设计并研制了一种新型的扩肛式智能正压回流洗肠装置。方法详细介绍此装置的组成结构、各组成部分的功能及其工作原理。结果其临床应用在一定程度上可减少病人的痛苦，同时减少护理人员的劳动强度，对于卧床不起或术后不能活动、大便困难的病人能提供很好的帮助，对结肠炎、便秘、降温亦有很好的疗效。结论扩肛式智能正压回流洗肠装置具有实用、高效、方便等特点，适合推广应用。     

Ajustement psychologique des couples confrontés à un cancer du sein : perceptions des comportements de soutien du conjoint

This cross-sectional study for couples explores the relationship between the perceptions within the couple of the spouse's supportive behaviors and the psychological adjustment of both partners during treatment for breast cancer. Forty-eight women operated on for a non-metastatic breast cancer and their spouses completed questionnaires assessing psychological adjustment (STAI, BDI-SF), and the spouse's support behaviors during discussions about the disease (PSE). Support behaviors are positively valued by both partners, especially non-verbal comfort and concrete actions. Support by minimization is associated with fewer depressive symptoms in patients and spouses. For spouses, the positive perception of support by concrete action is associated with a lower depression score. Moreover, high adjustment difficulties for spouses are linked to greater perception differences between partners on emotional support and minimization. These results highlight the importance of non-verbal comfort and minimization for the perception of social support within the couple, and the usefulness of support by concrete actions proposed by spouses. Advices for professionals are available.     

Female Sexuality in Thai Discourses about Maechii (‘lay nuns’)

By examining competing discourses about women who are maechii (or ‘lay nuns’) in Buddhist Thai society, this paper demonstrates that, although maechii vow to be celibate, social constructions of their role are grounded in sexuality. The discourses examined are those of the Buddhist canon and Sangha (Order of Monkhood), the Thai Maechii Institute, the mass media, and the government. The analysis is supplemented with field observations and interviews with monks, maechii, and lay persons. Findings suggest that maechii comprise an ambiguous category linguistically, Buddhistically, and in terms of their sexuality. Case studies of the founders of nunneries conducted in ChiangMai indicate that maechii leaders have been resisting the prevalent views that most maechii are social misfits, yet also are capable of undermining monks' celibacy and, by extension, the larger social order. The analysis contributes to the understanding of the interconnectedness of gender and sexuality in contemporary Thai society.     

孕妇围产期的营养注意和身体调节

目的探讨孕妇围产期的营养注意和身体调节对围产期结局的影响。方法选择孕妇1200例,其中共有587例患者进行了科学营养注意和身体调节,将其设置为观察组,其余孕妇设置为对照组。对两组患者的并发症情况进行统计分析。结果观察组孕妇并发症发生率、新生儿窒息等概率明显低于对照组,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论对孕妇进行围产期的营养指导和身体调节,能够有效降低孕妇发生并发症的几率,明显改善围产期结局。     

A note on calculating asymptotic confidence intervals for the adjusted risk difference and number needed to treat in the Cox regression model

Recently, Laubender and Bender (Stat. Med. 2010; 29: 851–859) applied the average risk difference (RD) approach to estimate adjusted RD and corresponding number needed to treat measures in the Cox proportional hazards model. We calculated standard errors and confidence intervals by using bootstrap techniques. In this paper, we develop asymptotic variance estimates of the adjusted RD measures and corresponding asymptotic confidence intervals within the counting process theory and evaluated them in a simulation study. We illustrate the use of the asymptotic confidence intervals by means of data of the Düsseldorf Obesity Mortality Study. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Cognitive Coping and Goal Adjustment After First-Time Myocardial Infarction: Relationships With Symptoms of Depression

The authors studied the relationships among cognitive coping strategies, goal adjustment processes (disengagement and reengagement), and depressive symptomatology in a sample of 139 patients who had experienced a first-time acute myocardial infarction between 3 and 12 months before data assessment. They assessed cognitive coping strategies, goal adjustment, and depressive symptoms by the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, the Goal Obstruction Questionnaire, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, respectively. Main statistical methods were Pearson correlations and multiple regression analyses. Results show significant associations among the cognitive coping strategies of rumination, catastrophizing, and higher depressive symptoms, as well as among positive refocusing, goal reengagement, and lower depressive symptoms. This suggests that cognitive coping and goal reengagement strategies may be useful targets for intervention.