Depression of long term potentiation in gerbil hippocampus following postischemic hypothermia

To investigate the mechanism of chronic cell death following postischemic hypothermia, the change of N-methyl- -aspartate receptor (NMDAR) were examined by immunohistochemistry of NMDAR1 and long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 subfield of the gerbil hippocampus. At 1 week following postischemic hypothermia (32°C×4 h), all CA1 neurons survived; however, immunoreactivity of NMDAR1 increased in neuronal perikarya whereas decreased in dendrites in the CA1 neurons. The abnormality was still observed in remaining CA1 neurons at 1 month after hypothermia. LTP was also significantly depressed at 1 week after hypothermia. These results suggest that some abnormalities in the glutamate receptor may be caused by ischemia; such abnormality would persist in spite of hypothermia treatment, resulting in the depression of LTP.     

Modulation of dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde extracellular levels in vivo in the rat striatum after different kinds of pharmacological treatment

We recently identified the direct product of dopamine (DA) by monoamine-oxidase (MAO) activity, dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPALD) in the trans-striatal dialysate. Based on these findings, in this work, we directly measured the variations in DOPALD levels after various kinds of pharmacological treatment in rat striatal extracellular fluid. Using both reversible and irreversible MAO inhibitors, we found that MAO-A inhibition suppressed, whereas MAO-B inhibition did not modify DOPALD levels in the dialysate. The vesicular DA uptake blocker Ro 4-1284 led to an increase in extracellular DA and DOPALD, whereas the increase in extracellular DA obtained after administration of the plasma membrane DA uptake blocker GBR-12909 occurred without concomitant changes in DOPALD extracellular levels. Microinfusions of DA through the dialysis probe or systemic administration of L-DOPA increased striatal DOPALD to a greater extent compared with other DA metabolites, both in intact and in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned striatum. This study indicates that the direct product of MAO activity within the rat striatum derives from the activity of the isoenzyme MAO-A. The assay of DOPALD, together with DOPAC, represents a reliable tool to measure directly, in freely moving animals, DA oxidative metabolism. As recent studies have shown that microinfusions of exogenous DOPALD might induce cell death, pharmacological modulation of DOPALD levels might also be relevant for an understanding of the mechanisms involved in DA neurotoxicity.     

Phase II trial of fortnightly irinotecan (CPT-11) in the treatment of colorectal cancer patients resistant to previous fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy

Introduction This phase II study investigated the anti-tumour activity and toxicity of CPT-11 (250 mg/m2 i.v. infusion over 60 minutes) administered every 2 weeks as second-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Material and methods Patients (n=63) with histology diagnosis of advanced CRC and proven resistance to previous fluoropyrimidine therapy were enrolled. Results A total of 510 CPT-11 cycles were administered, with a mean of 8 cycles per patient (range: 1–32). The median relative dose intensity was 93%. Partial response (PR) was obtained in 11 patients (17.5%; 95%CI: 8.1%–26.7%) and 29 patients (46.0%) showed stable disease (clinical benefit of 63.5%). The median duration of response was 6.8 months (95%CI: 6.1–7.5 months), median survival was 8.8 months (95%CI: 6.3–11.5 months) and median time to disease progression was 4.5 months (95%CI: 3.9–5.0 months). Overall, this schedule of CPT-11 chemotherapy was well tolerated by the patient. Neutropenia was the most frequent grade 3/4 haematological toxicity (20.6% of patients and 4.1% of cycles). Neutropenia with concurrent fever or infection occurred in 7 patients (11.1%). Late onset diarrhoea was the most frequent grade 3/4 non-haematological toxicity (19.0% of patients and 2.3% of cycles). Other, lower-incidence, toxicities were anaemia, fever, infection, mucositis, nausea and vomiting. There were no toxic deaths. Conclusions We found that CPT-11, administered as 250 mg/m² i.v. infusion over 60 minutes every 2 weeks, was active and well tolerated schedule in the second-line chemotherapy of advanced CRC patients. This bi-weekly scheme could be used as an alternative to the weekly or the every-three-week schedule as well as in combined therapies with other chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of advanced, metastatic, CRC.     

11C-胆碱PET在前列腺癌中的临床应用探讨

前列腺癌是老年男性的常见恶性肿瘤,但是常规显像困难.11C-胆碱是新近研究较多的一种正电子肿瘤阳性显像剂,因它不通过泌尿系统排泄而被用于前列腺癌的临床诊断中.通过11C-胆碱、18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖、11C-乙酸和11C-甲硫氨酸在前列腺癌PET结果的比较,总结了11C-胆碱PET在前列腺癌的临床应用近况.     

皮肤鳞状细胞癌组织微 RNA-103a-2-5p、钙黏附蛋白 11表达及其临床意义

目的分析皮肤鳞状细胞癌组织中微 RNA-103a-2-5p(miR-103a-2-5p)和钙黏附蛋白 11(CDH11)的表达水平,探讨二者在临床研究中的意义。方法选取 2017年 1月至 2019年 6月宝鸡市人民医院诊治的 98例皮肤鳞状细胞癌病人为研究对象,收集病人术中切除的癌组织及癌旁正常组织。采用实时荧光定量 PCR(qRT-PCR)法检测组织中 miR-103a-2-5p的表达水平。采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测 CDH11表达水平。 TargetScanHuman网站预测 miR-103a-2-5p与 CDH11的靶向关系; Pearson相关性分析癌组织中 miR-103a-2-5p和 CDH11水平的关系; Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析 miR-103a-2-5p、CDH11表达与皮肤鳞状细胞癌病人预后的关系;影响皮肤鳞状细胞癌病人预后的因素采用 Cox回归分析;受试者操作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析 miR-103a-2-5p和 CDH11的表达对皮肤鳞状细胞癌的诊断价值。结果与癌旁正常组织［1.03±0.12,(5.06±1.43)μg/L］相比,皮肤鳞状细胞癌组织 miR-103a-2-5p表达水平(1.46±0.38)显著升高(P<0.05),CDH11表达水平［(2.96±0.62)μg/L］明显降低(P<0.05); TargetScanHuman网址预测 miR-103a-2-5p与 CDH11间存在结合位点;经 Pearson相关性分析, miR-103a-2-5p与 CDH11水平呈负相关( P<0.05);两者均与病人病理分级、 TNM分期、淋巴结转移、侵袭程度相关(P<0.05); miR-103a-2-5p高表达组和 CDH11低表达组复发率显著高于 miR-103a-2-5p低表达组和 CDH11高表达组(P<0.05); TNM分期、淋巴结转移、 miR-103a-2-5p是影响病人预后的危险因素(P<0.05)CDH11是影响病人预后的保护因素(P<0.05); miR-103a-2-5p、CDH11二者联合诊断皮肤鳞状细胞癌的 ROC曲线下面积(AUC)0.836,显著优于其各自单独诊断(P=0.018、0.021)。结论皮肤鳞状细胞癌病人 miR-103a-2-5p表达水平升高, 为,     

Infection with IBV DMV/1639 at a Young Age Leads to Increased Incidence of Cystic Oviduct Formation Associated with False Layer Syndrome

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is an avian coronavirus that causes respiratory disease but can affect the reproductive tract of laying-type chickens. If infection occurs in pullets, false layer syndrome, which is characterized by the development of large, fluid-filled cystic oviducts, can occur. Recently, IBV strain DMV/1639 has been detected in parts of Canada and the U.S., where false layer syndrome has occurred, though it is not clear if IBV is the sole cause or if age at infection is an influencing variable. Our study investigates the role and timing of IBV infection on the development of false layer syndrome, using the IBV types DMV/1639 and Massachusetts (Mass). Six groups of 120 SPF chickens were challenged at either three, seven, or fourteen days of age, using either DMV/1639 or Mass IBV. Cystic oviducts were seen in all the challenged groups, and the pullets challenged at 14 days of age had fewer cystic oviducts than pullets challenged at 3 or 7 days of age. The highest percentage of severe histology lesion scores were seen in the 3-day challenge groups. The data collected in this experiment confirm that IBV DMV/1639 causes cystic oviducts and indicate that age at infection plays a role in the pathogenesis of false layer syndrome.     

超声引导下不同部位中心静脉置管在婴幼儿休克中的应用及临床分析

目的分析超声引导下不同部位中心静脉置管在婴幼儿休克中应用的临床特点，探讨在婴幼儿休克中应如何快速选择中心静脉置管部位。方法回顾性收集2016年1月至2020年12月广东医科大学附属东莞儿童医院儿童重症监护室收治的112例诊断为休克并进行中心静脉置管的婴幼儿临床资料，根据是否在超声引导下进行置管分为超声组（70例）及体表定位组（42例），总结分析患儿在超声引导下不同部位置管的应用情况，对各部位置管的一针成功率、总成功率、置管时间及并发症进行比较。结果与体表定位组相比，超声组颈内静脉及股静脉置管的一针成功率增高，置管时间缩短，并发症发生率减少（P<0.05）。超声组中，行颈内静脉置管比例最高（51%，36/70），其次为股静脉（33%，23/70），锁骨下静脉最少（16%，11/70）。超声引导下不同置管部位比较，颈内静脉成功置管时间最短［5.5（5.0，6.5）min］（P<0.05）；不同置管部位的并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论在婴幼儿休克状态下，应用超声引导下行颈内静脉置管可作为临床医生优先选择的置管方式。     

白色念珠菌ERG11突变基因在毕氏酵母中的表达

目的 将含有点突变的白色念珠菌编码基因ERG11克隆至毕氏酵母中进行表达,判断其在白色念珠菌对氟康唑敏感性中的作用.方法 将含有点突变的白色念珠菌编码基因ERG11与pPIC3.5K载体重组,构建pPIC3.5K/Ca1.6k重组体,经Top10F'鉴定和筛选,电转入毕氏酵母GS115中,经过诱导表达出现目的 蛋白后,进行药物敏感性试验,确定点突变与耐药的关系.结果 含Y132H突变转化菌株和含Q474K突变的转化菌株对氟康唑的MIC分别上升16倍和8倍,证实其突变与耐药有关.结论 氟康唑耐药可发生于白色念珠菌编码基因ERG11的Y132H与Q474K点突变中.     

Magnesium metabolism in blood and the whole body in man using 28magnesium.

Studies of magnesium kinetics in plasma, red cells, and the whole-body with ²⁸Mg are described. The observations in plasma were analyzed with a three-compartment model and those in red cells with a two-compartment model. An integral approach, using the occupancy principle, was used in the analysis of the whole-body observations. At 120 hr after intravenous administration of ²⁸Mg, exchangeable magnesium calculated by the dilution principle was only 23% of total body magnesium. There was good agreement between the estimates of exchangeable magnesium based on plasma and “spot” urine ²⁸Mg activity. Exchangeable magnesium, as estimated by compartmental analysis and the occupancy principle, was only 12.5%–15% of total body magnesium. These results suggest the existence of magnesium compartments in the body with turnover half-periods of at least 63–181 days that cannot be investigated adequately with the short-lived tracer, ²⁸Mg. A possible mechanism for the observed pattern of red cell uptake of ²⁸Mg in vivo is suggested in which magnesium enters these cells only during erythropoiesis and is then lost progressively from circulating red cells during the aging process. Present results suggest that the concentration of magnesium in reticulocytes may be 3.9 times greater than the mean red cell concentration. Magnesium may leave red cells exponentially with age; a half-period of 22.4 days is suggested.