六味地黄汤相关苷类单体对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖作用的研究

目的：研究六味地黄汤中芍药苷、薯蓣皂苷元、马钱苷、莫诺苷、桃叶珊瑚苷对小鼠T、B淋巴细胞增殖的影响。方法：制备脾淋巴细胞,MTT比色法检测不同浓度5种苷类单体单独作用及其与丝裂原（ConA、LPS）共同作用时对小鼠T、B淋巴细胞增殖作用的影响。结果：10-5M芍药苷能显著促进淋巴细胞增殖,对LPS诱导的B淋巴细胞增殖有明显的协同作用,10-7～10-6M芍药苷对ConA诱导的T淋巴细胞增殖有明显协同作用,与对照组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）;薯蓣皂苷元有一定促进淋巴细胞增殖作用,但与对照组比较无显著性差异;10-7～10-5M马钱苷能显著促进淋巴细胞增殖,10-7M马钱苷对LPS诱导的B淋巴细胞增殖有显著协同作用,随剂量增加,增殖作用反而降低;10-7～10-5M莫诺苷能显著促进淋巴细胞增殖,对LPS诱导的B淋巴细胞增殖有明显的协同作用,对ConA诱导的T淋巴细胞增殖有明显协同作用,与对照组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.01）。10-7～10-5M桃叶珊瑚苷基本无促进淋巴细胞增殖作用1,0-5M桃叶珊瑚苷对LPS诱导的B淋巴细胞增殖有明显的协同作用,10-7～10-5M桃叶珊瑚苷对ConA诱导的T淋巴细胞增殖有明显协同作用,与对照组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）。结论：六味地黄汤中5种苷类单体对T、B淋巴细胞均有不同程度增殖作用,莫诺苷作用最明显,马钱苷低剂量促进增殖,高剂量反而抑制。     

Chinese herbal medicine-derived compounds for cancer therapy: A focus on hepatocellular carcinoma

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as the major histological subtype of primary liver cancer remains one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Due to the complicated molecular pathogenesis of HCC, the option for effective systemic treatment is quite limited. There exists a critical need to explore and evaluate possible alternative strategies for effective control of HCC. With a long history of clinical use, Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is emerging as a noticeable choice for its multi-level, multi-target and coordinated intervention effects against HCC. With the aids of phytochemistry and molecular biological approaches, in the past decades many CHM-derived compounds have been carefully studied through both preclinical and clinical researches and have shown great potential in novel anti-HCC natural product development. The present review aimed at providing the most recent developments on anti-HCC compounds derived from CHM, especially their underlying pharmacological mechanisms.

Materials and methods

A systematic search of anti-HCC compounds from CHM was carried out focusing on literatures published both in English (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Medline) and in Chinese academic databases (Wanfang and CNKI database).

Results

In this review, we tried to give a timely and comprehensive update about the anti-HCC effects and targets of several representative CHM-derived compounds, namely curcumin, resveratrol, silibinin, berberine, quercetin, tanshinone II-A and celastrol. Their mechanisms of anti-HCC behaviors, potential side effects or toxicity and future research directions were discussed.

Conclusion

Herbal compounds derived from CHM are of much significance in devising new drugs and providing unique ideas for the war against HCC. We propose that these breakthrough findings may have important implications for targeted-HCC therapy and modernization of CHM.     

窄谱中波紫外线结合止痒汤多塞平治疗老年瘙痒症疗效观察

目的：观察窄谱中波紫外线（NB-UVB）结合止痒汤、多塞平治疗老年瘙痒症的疗效。方法：60例患者随机分成两组,治疗组34例,予窄谱中波紫外线照射同时口服中药止痒汤、多塞平;对照组26例,口服赛庚啶、氯雷他定。结果：治疗组痊愈率和复发率分别为88.2%和9.0%;对照组分别为61.5%和36.3%,两组差异均有显著性意义（P〈0.01）。结论：窄谱中波紫外线结合止痒汤、多塞平治疗老年瘙痒症的疗效满意,能明显降低复发率。     

Attenuation of diabetic nephropathy by Chaihuang-Yishen granule through anti-inflammatory mechanism in streptozotocin-induced rat model of diabetics

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Traditional Chinese medical herbs have been used in China for a long time to treat different diseases. Based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) principle, Chaihuang-Yishen granule (CHYS) was developed and has been employed clinically to treat chronic kidney disease including diabetic nephropathy (DN). The present study was designed to investigate its mechanism of action in treatment of DN.

Materials and methods

Diabetic rats were established by having a right uninephrectomy plus a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ. Rats were divided into four groups of sham, diabetes, diabetes with CHYS and diabetes with fosinopril. CHYS and fosinopril were given to rats by gavage for 20 weeks. Samples from blood, urine and kidney were collected for biochemical, histological, immunohistochemical and molecular analyses.

Results

Rats treated with CHYS showed reduced 24 h urinary protein excretion, decreased serum TC and TG levels, but CHYS treatment did not affect blood glucose level. Glomerular mesangial expansion and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic rats were significantly alleviated by CHYS treatment. Moreover, CHYS administration markedly reduced mRNA levels of NF-κB p65 and TGF-β1, as well as decreased protein levels of NF-κB p65, MCP-1, TNF-α and TGF-β1 in the kidney of diabetic rats.

Conclusions

CHYS ameliorates renal injury in diabetic rats through reduction of inflammatory cytokines and their intracellular signaling.     

苦参素注射液治疗慢性乙型肝炎临床研究

目的 :观察苦参素注射液治疗慢性乙型肝炎 (CHB)的临床疗效。方法 :治疗组 4 8例 ,对照组 5 2例 ,治疗组应用苦参素葡萄糖注射液 (天晴复欣 )及一般护肝药治疗 ,对照组只用一般护肝药治疗 ,疗程均为 3月 ,观察两组患者治疗前、治疗 1月、3月及停药 3月肝功能、肝纤维化指标、乙肝病毒标志物的变化情况。结果 :在肝功能复常方面 ,治疗 1月 ,治疗组优于对照组 ,P<0 .0 5 ,统计学处理差异有显著性意义 ;至疗程结束时两组间肝功能复常率无显著性差异 ,P >0 .0 5 ;在肝纤维化指标方面 ,治疗组肝纤维化指标较治疗前显著下降 ,P <0 .0 5 ,统计学处理差异有显著性意义 ;在HBeAg和HBVDNA阴转方面 ,治疗组明显优于对照组 ,统计学处理差异有显著性意义 ,P <0 .0 1。结论 :苦参素注射液治疗CHB具有良好疗效 ,有抗病毒、保护肝细胞、防治肝纤维化的作用     

基于化学特征和核心功效的经典名方清胃散中地黄炮制品研究

目的 辨析地黄不同炮制品（鲜地黄、生地黄、干地黄、酒地黄、熟地黄）的化学特征,结合经典名方清胃散的核心功效,明确其地黄的炮制方法和炮制品种,为中药新药的开发和中药临床的合理应用提供参考。方法 采用液质联用法和液相色谱法对地黄不同炮制品中的共有成分和特有成分进行定性和定量分析。运用现代网络药理学筛选和分析地黄的成分作用靶点和通路,构建成分-靶点-通路网络,进一步预测地黄的化学成分和核心功效的相关性。结果 在地黄的不同炮制品中共鉴定出55个成分,其中26个为5种地黄炮制品共有,鲜地黄经炮制后,大部分化学成分的含量有不同程度的下降,其中干地黄的环烯醚萜类成分下降幅度最小。采用网络药理学对焦地黄素D、桃叶珊瑚苷、益母草苷、梓醇、地黄苷A、地黄苷D、连翘酯苷、6-O-E-阿魏酰基筋骨草醇进行机制预测,富集的通路中环磷酸腺苷（cyclic adenosine monophosphate,c AMP）信号通路、乙型肝炎、血清素突触、缺氧诱导因子-1(hypoxiainduciblefactor-1,HIF-1)信号通路等与清热作用相关。结论 干地黄的化学特征与鲜地黄最为相似,药性和功效与清胃散中地黄...     

超临界二氧化碳萃取丹酚酸B的提取工艺研究

目的 研究超临界CO2中加入非离子表面活性剂的多元醇混合体系萃取丹酚酸B的新工艺.方法 以丹酚酸B的提取率为指标,采用正交实验法进行丹参提取工艺的优选,采用HPLC法测定其含量.结果 超临界CO2萃取中加入非离子表面活性剂的多元醇混合体系可大大提高丹酚酸B的提取率.在本实验条件下,丹参的超临界萃取最佳工艺为:夹带剂选择10%乙醇+5%吐温-80,用量与药材相等,萃取温度55℃,压力30 MPa,萃取时间1.5 h.结论 加入非离子表面活性剂的多元醇混合体系比只用乙醇作夹带剂进行超临界CO2提取丹酚酸B的效率高约6倍.     

丹参中丹酚酸B的提取分离及分析方法研究进展

系统综述了提取、纯化、分析丹参中治疗心脑血管病的有效成分丹酚酸B的方法，并对微波提取、超临界流体萃取、大孔树脂吸附技术与传统技术上作了比较和论述。     

苦参碱联合拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型病毒性肝炎临床疗效及对肝纤维化指标的影响

目的:观察苦参碱联合拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型病毒性肝炎的效果以及对肝纤维化指标的影响。方法:将慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者88例,按随机数字表法分为2组,对照组和观察组各44例。2组均进行常规治疗,对照组给予拉米夫定片口服,观察组在此基础上联合使用苦参碱注射液静脉滴注治疗3个月,后给予苦参碱胶囊口服治疗9个月,2组疗程均为12个月。观察疗效并对比分析对肝纤维化指标的影响。结果:治疗后,对照组肝纤维化指标层粘连蛋白(LN)、透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)均下降,观察组肝纤维化指标LN、HA、PCⅢ、Ⅳ-C均下降且低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组谷丙转氨酶(ALT)恢复正常率、乙肝e抗原(HBeAg)转化率、HBV-DNA与HBeAg转阴率均高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组总有效率高于对照组(χ²=4.768,P=0.029<0.05)。结论:采用苦参碱联合拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者,可有效降低肝纤维化程度,有利于恢复肝功能,治疗效果佳。     

从丹参中筛选血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂

目的 :从丹参中筛选血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂 (ACEI)。方法 :分别提取丹参水溶性和脂溶性部分 ,用荧光检测法筛选抑制血管紧张素转换酶 (ACE)活性的有效部位或成分。结果 :丹参水溶性部分、丹参总酚酸及丹酚酸B显著降低了大鼠肺组织的ACE活性 ,其IC₅₀ 分别为 ( 2.45± 0.07) ,( 0.24± 0.02 ) ,( 0.02± 0.01)g·L^-1。含丹参酮Ⅰ ,Ⅱ的菲醌类成分或脂溶性部分没有作用。 结论 :丹参具有ACEI作用 ,其活性成分存在水溶性部分中 ,主要为含丹酚酸B等酚酸类物质。