XC-A30A型全自动血沉分析仪的应用评价

目的探讨XC-A30A型全自动血沉分析仪测定红细胞沉降率(ESR)的重复性、准确性及影响因素。方法抽取高、中、低三组血沉值共27份进行重复性试验,对做血沉检查的198例患者,采用两法测定,以统计学方法分析仪器法的准确性,抽取10例贫血患者标本(压积<0.30)和10例压积正常且魏氏法ESR值在21～100 mm/h的标本对照,分析贫血标本用仪器测定的可行性。结果重复性:除1例(CV为16.1%)外,其余26例CV均<5%。准确性:ESR值在2～100 mm/h各组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但ESR值>100 mm/h者两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。贫血标本采用两法测定的差值与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 XC-A30A型全自动血沉分析仪具有良好的重复性,准确性较高,贫血标本用该仪器测定准确性也较高,适合医院快速准确的报告血沉结果。但对于ESR>100 mm/h时建议用手工法复查。     

Clinical spectrum of primary cutaneous CD30‐positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma: an analysis of the Mannheim Cutaneous Lymphoma Registry

Background: Primary cutaneous CD30⁺ anaplastic large cell lymphomas (C‐ALCL) have indolent clinical behavior with an estimated 5‐year survival rate of 95%. The clinical features and disease courses of C‐ALCL identified in the lymphoma registry of Mannheim University hospital are described in the following. Patients and methods: All C‐ALCL patients identified in the database were analyzed in regard to clinical picture, histology, immunohistochemistry, molecular biology, staging, therapy, follow‐up, and outcome. Results: 14 C‐ALCL patients were identified. The mean age was 69 years and 57% were men. Solitary skin lesions in one anatomical region were seen in 12 patients upon initial diagnosis. Two patients presented with multiple lesions at different anatomical sites. In 2 patients there was specific lymph node involvement. In one C‐ALCL patient, follow‐up over 17 months revealed extracutaneous infiltration. Half of the patients relapsed and 36% had multiple episodes. The majority of our patients were treated with surgical excision followed by electron beam radiotherapy. The 5‐year survival rate was 93% in C‐ALCL. Conclusions: The clinical presentation of C‐ALCL varies. Staging procedures and a close clinical pathological correlation at initial diagnosis are essential. Due to a high rate of relapses and the possibility of developing extranodal manifestations over the course of the disease, close follow‐up is recommended.     

A vanguard randomised feasibility trial comparing three regimens of peri-operative oxygen therapy on recovery after major surgery

International recommendations encourage liberal administration of oxygen to patients having surgery under general anaesthesia, ostensibly to reduce surgical site infection. However, the optimal oxygen regimen to minimise postoperative complications and enhance recovery from surgery remains uncertain. The hospital operating theatre randomised oxygen (HOT-ROX) trial is a multicentre, patient- and assessor-blinded, parallel-group, randomised clinical trial designed to assess the effect of a restricted, standard care, or liberal peri-operative oxygen therapy regimen on days alive and at home after surgery in adults undergoing prolonged non-cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia. Here, we report the findings of the internal vanguard feasibility phase of the trial undertaken in four large metropolitan hospitals in Australia and New Zealand that included the first 210 patients of a planned overall 2640 trial sample, with eight pre-specified endpoints evaluating protocol implementation and safety. We screened a total of 956 participants between 1 September 2019 and 26 January 2021, with data from 210 participants included in the analysis. Median (IQR [range]) time-weighted average intra-operative F_iO₂ was 0.30 (0.26–0.35 [0.20–0.59]) and 0.47 (0.44–0.51 [0.37–0.68]) for restricted and standard care, respectively (mean difference (95%CI) 0.17 (0.14–0.20), p < 0.001). Median time-weighted average intra-operative F_iO₂ was 0.83 (0.80–0.85 [0.70–0.91]) for liberal oxygen therapy (mean difference (95%CI) compared with standard care 0.36 (0.33–0.39), p < 0.001). All feasibility endpoints were met. There were no significant patient adverse events. These data support the feasibility of proceeding with the HOT-ROX trial without major protocol modifications.     

Functional outcomes and complications after treatment of distal radius fracture in patients sixty years and over: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

AimThis network meta-analysis aims to compare functional outcomes and complications between conservative treatment and surgery for distal radius fractures in patients aged 60 years and over.MethodsWe searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of conservative treatment and surgery for distal radius fractures in patients aged 60 years and over. Primary outcomes included grip strength and overall complications. Secondary outcomes included Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) scores, Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) scores, wrist range of motion and forearm rotation, and radiographic assessment. All continuous outcomes were assessed using standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and binary outcomes were assessed using odds ratio (OR) with 95% CIs. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) was used to determine a hierarchy of treatments. Cluster analysis was performed for grouping treatments based on the SUCRA values of primary outcomes.ResultsFourteen RCTs were included to compare conservative treatment, volar lockedplate (VLP), K-wires fixation, and external-fixation. VLP outperformed conservative treatment for 1-year and minimum 2-year grip strength (SMD; 0.28 [0.07 to 0.48] and 0.27 [0.02 to 0.53], respectively). VLP yielded the optimal grip strength at 1-year and minimum 2-year follow-up (SUCRA; 89.8% and 86.7%, respectively). In a subgroup analysis of patients aged 60 to 80 years old, VLP outperformed conservative treatment in DASH and PRWE scores (SMD, 0.33 [0.10, 0.56] and 0.23 [0.01, 0.45], respectively). In addition, VLP had the fewest complications (SUCRA = 84.3%). Cluster analysis suggested that VLP and K-wire fixation were more effective treatment groups.ConclusionEvidence to date demonstrates that VLP provides measurable benefits in grip strength and fewer complications to those 60 years of age and over, and that benefit is not reflected in current practice guidelines. There is a subgroup of patients where K-wire fixation outcomes are similar to those of VLP; defining this subgroup may yield substantial societal benefits.     

Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction in Diabetes: Mechanisms and Management

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major cause of heart failure in the Western world, either secondary to coronary artery disease or from a distinct entity known as “diabetic cardiomyopathy.” Furthermore, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is emerging as a significant clinical problem for patients with DM. Current clinical data suggest that between 30% and 40% of patients with HFpEF suffer from DM. The typical structural phenotype of the HFpEF heart consists of endothelial dysfunction, increased interstitial and perivascular fibrosis, cardiomyocyte stiffness, and hypertrophy along with advanced glycation end products deposition. There is a myriad of mechanisms that result in the phenotypical HFpEF heart including impaired cardiac metabolism and substrate utilization, altered insulin signalling leading to protein kinase C activation, advanced glycated end products deposition, prosclerotic cytokine activation (eg, transforming growth factor-β activation), along with impaired nitric oxide production from the endothelium. Moreover, recent investigations have focused on the role of endothelial-myocyte interactions. Despite intense research, current therapeutic strategies have had little effect on improving morbidity and mortality in patients with DM and HFpEF. Possible explanations for this include a limited understanding of the role that direct cell-cell communication or indirect cell-cell paracrine signalling plays in the pathogenesis of DM and HFpEF. Additionally, integrins remain another important mediator of signals from the extracellular matrix to cells within the failing heart and might play a significant role in cell-cell cross-talk. In this review we discuss the characteristics and mechanisms of DM and HFpEF to stimulate potential future research for patients with this common, and morbid condition.     

Antagomir-30d对大鼠骨髓基质干细胞成骨分化的影响

目的：探讨miR-30d拮抗剂（antagomir-30d）正性调控大鼠骨髓基质干细胞（BMSCs）的成骨分化作用并确认转染的最佳浓度。方法：BMSCs培养并分组，分为不同浓度的antagomir-30d（antagomir-30d组）、阴性对照（NC组）和未做转染的BMSCs（空白组）；将不同浓度的antagomir-30d及其NC转染至BMSCs后进行成骨诱导。通过RT-PCR技术进行比较，测定成骨基因碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、骨钙素（OC）、Runt相关转录因子2（RUNX2）的mRNA的表达情况，并确定最佳转染浓度及其转染效率。通过ALP染色验证antagomir-30d对成骨分化的调控作用。结果：RT-PCR结果表明，antagomir-30d体外可以促进BMSCs的成骨分化。不同浓度antagomir-30d组的成骨基因表达量随浓度变化而改变，当antagomir-30d转染浓度为150 nmol/L时，ALP、OC、RUNX2的mRNA水平均显著高于空白组和NC组（P＜0.05）。Antagomir-30d的转染最佳浓度为150 nmol/L，此时ALP染色结果显示其活性最高，成骨分化作用好。结论：Antagomir-30d体外正性调控BMSCs的成骨分化，其转染至BMSCs的最佳浓度为150 nmol/L。