七氟醚复合丙泊酚在小儿气道异物取出术中的麻醉效果

目的观察七氟醚复合丙泊酚在小儿气道异物取出术中的麻醉效果。方法选择符合美国麻醉学会制定的Ⅰ-Ⅱ级标准、年龄1—4岁、行气管异物取出术小儿60例,随机数字表法分为七氟醚组和氯胺酮组,每组30例。七氟醚组采用吸入七氟醚诱导麻醉,术中维持药物选用丙泊酚1．5mg／（kg·h）微泵持续注入。间断吸入七氟醚;氯胺酮组静脉注射咪达唑仑0．1mg／kg和氯胺酮1．5mg／kg诱导麻醉,术中麻醉深度不足时分次静脉注射氯胺酮1．5mg／kg至麻醉满意。记录诱导前（T0）、麻醉诱导后术前1min（T2）、插入支气管镜时（T2）、拔支气管镜时（T3）、清醒时（T4）血压、心率及血氧饱和度。记录手术时间、苏醒时间和术中医生满意度,观察术中和术后患儿是否有支气管痉挛、呕吐、呼吸道梗阻、舌后坠等并发症。结果2组患儿T2时收缩压、心率较T0时明显升高。七氟醚组患儿T1时收缩压、心率较T0时明显降低;2组患儿血氧饱和度T1-T4各时段均较T0时明显升高;七氟醚组患儿苏醒时间显著快于氯胺酮组;七氟醚组患儿医生满意度较氯胺酮组高;术后氯胺酮组患儿舌后坠发生率明显高于七氟醚组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。2组患儿T0～T4各时段舒张压、血氧饱和度差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论七氟醚复合丙泊酚在小儿气道异物取出术中能提供良好的手术条件,术中麻醉平稳,术后患儿苏醒快且苏醒质量较高。     

活血化瘀强度与气血双亏型胃癌转移率相关性机理探讨

本文回顾研究了益气生血方剂中活血化瘀强度与气血双亏型胃癌转移率之间的相关性,显示两者有较强的正相关,提示气血双亏型胃癌转移率随活血化瘀作用加强而增高。推测可能与本型胃癌血小板数量及聚集性下降、血浆纤维蛋白含量低及凝血抑制、纤溶增强易于肿瘤转移有关,且大多数活血化瘀方药具有抑制血小板聚集,抗血凝和增加纤溶的现代药理机制。进而建议气血双亏型胃癌,在血小板数量及聚集率明显下降、凝血时间明显延长及FDP高时,尽量降低方剂中活血化瘀强度,以避免促进肿瘤转移。     

输尿管软镜碎石术联合叶金排石胶囊治疗直径小于2 cm肾结石临床疗效分析

目的探究输尿管软镜碎石术联合叶金排石胶囊对直径<2 cm肾结石患者的临床疗效。方法回顾性选取2017年6月—2019年12月医院收治的直径<2 cm肾结石患者700例,按照患者来医院采取的治疗方式分为观察组和对照组,每组350例,其中对照组采取输尿管软镜碎石术治疗,观察组在对照组患者的治疗基础上给予叶金排石胶囊,观察对比两组患者的治疗有效率、排石效果(以首次治疗结石排净率、首次排石时间、碎石次数、排石周期表示)、肾功能恢复情况(患侧肾脏GFR、血清NGAL、β2-MG)、术后并发症情况、炎性因子表达水平(血清hs-CRP、IL-6、IL-10)。结果对照组的治疗有效率为90.29%(316/350),观察组为98.29%(344/350);对照组首次治疗结石排净率、首次排石时间、碎石次数、排石周期分别为59.71%(209/350)、(2.03±0.27)d、(2.43±0.39)次、(19.72±2.97)d,观察组患者分别为72.57%(254/350)、(0.98±0.12)d、(1.62±0.33)次、(12.52±1.97)d;对照组患者患侧GFR、血清NGAL、...     

阴式子宫瘢痕妊娠病灶清除术的临床疗效评价

目的 观察阴式子宫瘢痕妊娠病灶清除术治疗剖宫产术后瘢痕妊娠的意义.方法 选取我院2018年10月—2019年10月收治的64例剖宫产术后瘢痕妊娠患者的临床资料,根据手术方案的不同,将实施阴式子宫瘢痕妊娠病灶清除术的病例作为观察组(n=33),将选择腹腔镜子宫瘢痕妊娠病灶消除术的病例作为对照组(n=31).比较两组手术疗...     

Enhanced Nitrate Ions Remediation Using Fe0 Nanoparticles from Underground Water: Synthesis,Characterizations, and Performance under Optimizing Conditions

The presence of nitrates in water in large amounts is one of the most dangerous health issues. The greatest risk posed by nitrates is hemoglobin oxidation, which results in Methemoglobin in the human body, resulting in Methemoglobinemia. There are many ways to eliminate nitrates from underground water. One of the most effective and selective methods is using zero-valent iron (ZVI) nanoparticles. ZVI nanoparticles can be easily synthesized by reducing ferric or ferrous ions using sodium borohydride. The prepared ZVI nanoparticles were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, and zeta potential. We aim to eliminate or reduce the nitrates in water to be at the acceptable range, according to the world health organization (WHO), of 10.0 mg/L. Nitrate concentration in water after and before treatment is measured using the UV scanning method at 220 nm wavelength for the synthetic contaminated water and electrochemical method for the naturally contaminated water. The conditions were optimized for obtaining an efficient removing process. The removal efficiency reaches about 91% at the optimized conditions.     

复旦大学附属妇产科医院609份药品说明书中有关妊娠期及哺乳期妇女用药标注调查

目的：了解药品说明书中有关妊娠期及哺乳期妇女用药的标注情况,促进药品说明书规范化管理,为临床安全用药提供参考依据。方法：收集我院调剂药房药品说明书,对有关妊娠期及哺乳期妇女用药标注情况进行统计分析,按照不同分类方法进行比较。结果：所调查的药品说明书中,国产化学药及生物制品有关妊娠期及哺乳期妇女用药标注率分别为95.91％和80.56％,进口药为98.02％和87.13％,国产中成药为68.38％和6.84％。妊娠期及哺乳期妇女用药无明确指导意见的分别占26.11％和49.26％。“权衡利弊”“慎用”及“遵医嘱”等类似表述在用药指导建议中最为常见。结论：药品监管部门、生产企业和医疗卫生机构应重视目前部分药品说明书标注存在的问题,积极采取措施加以改进和完善。     

早期拔除尿管对腹腔镜下结肠癌术后镇痛患者的影响

目的 探讨腹腔镜下结肠癌术后镇痛期间拔除尿管对患者尿潴留及相关并发症的影响.方法 分析本院2014年1月至2015年12月腹腔镜下结肠癌术后留置镇痛泵的患者46例,其中实验组23例(留置镇痛泵期内拔除尿管),对照组23例(停用镇痛泵后拔除尿管).两组术后尿潴留率、尿路感染率、肺部感染率、伤口感染率及满意率等指标比较.结果 两组患者的尿潴留率(8.7％比4.3％)、肺部感染率(4.3％比8.7％)、伤口感染率(4.3％比13.0％),差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).两组患者均未出现导尿管相关性尿路感染.实验组满意率78.3％高于对照组47.8％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 腹腔镜下结肠癌术后留置镇痛泵的患者早期拔除尿管是安全可行的,且能减轻留置尿管引起的不适.     

Recent Advances in Adsorptive Nanocomposite Membranes for Heavy Metals Ion Removal from Contaminated Water: A Comprehensive Review

Water contamination is one of the most urgent concerns confronting the world today. Heavy metal poisoning of aquatic systems has piqued the interest of various researchers due to the high toxicity and carcinogenic consequences it has on living organisms. Due to their exceptional attributes such as strong reactivity, huge surface area, and outstanding mechanical properties, nanomaterials are being produced and employed in water treatment. In this review, recent advances in the use of nanomaterials in nanoadsorptive membrane systems for wastewater treatment and heavy metal removal are extensively discussed. These materials include carbon-based nanostructures, metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, nanocomposites, and layered double hydroxide-based compounds. Furthermore, the relevant properties of the nanostructures and the implications on their performance for water treatment and contamination removal are highlighted. The hydrophilicity, pore size, skin thickness, porosity, and surface roughness of these nanostructures can help the water permeability of the nanoadsorptive membrane. Other properties such as surface charge modification and mechanical strength can improve the metal adsorption effectiveness of nanoadsorptive membranes during wastewater treatment. Various nanocomposite membrane fabrication techniques are also reviewed. This study is important because it gives important information on the roles of nanomaterials and nanostructures in heavy metal removal and wastewater treatment.     

锁定钢板螺钉取出困难原因及解决方法的探讨

目的探讨锁定钢板螺钉取出困难的原因和解决方法。方法回顾分析10例锁定钢板螺钉取出困难患者的临床资料。结果螺钉取出困难的原因：钢板应力变形,锁定螺丝孔道变形,旋入螺钉时未使用卸力限制工具,螺钉内六角打滑,取钉方法错误。结论锁定钢板螺钉内固定及取出时应严格规范操作,使用专用工具及方法,可顺利取出内固定,并避免医源性骨折。     

高血压性脑出血血肿清除术后癫痫发作的影响因素分析

目的 探讨高血压性脑出血颅内血肿清除术后并发癫痫发作的影响因素。方法 回顾性分析2011年3月至2018年7月开颅血肿清除术治疗的485例高血压性脑出血的临床资料。采用多因素logistic回归分析检验术后并发癫痫的危险因素。结果 485例中,术后发生癫痫62例（12.9%）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,血肿体积≥60 ml、血肿位于小脑、术后再出血、术后电解质紊乱、脑电图异常、术前C反应蛋白（CRP）水平升高、术前肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平升高、术前白细胞介素-6（IL-6）水平升高是术后并发癫痫发作的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。结论 高血压性脑出血开颅血肿清除术后癫痫发作发生率较高,对于血肿较大、血肿位于小脑、术后再出血、术后电解质紊乱、脑电图异常、术前CRP、TNF-α、IL-6水平升高的病人,应采取针对性措施预防术后癫痫发作。