维生素E对小鼠胸腺和脾脏T淋巴细胞转化及MΦ诱导IL－1的影响

ＶＥ缺乏组、１／３需要量组、需要量组、３倍需要量组、２０倍需要量组的初断奶小鼠喂养８周后观察Ｔ淋巴细胞转化及Ｍ中诱导ＩＬ－１反应。结果表明，ＶＥ增强半合适、合适剂量ＣｏｎＡ诱导的胸腺、脾脏Ｔ淋巴细胞转化，且半合适剂量诱导的反应高于合适剂量，ＶＥ增强合适剂量ＰＨＡ诱导的脾Ｔ细胞反应，但不影响其诱导胸腺Ｔ细胞反应。ＶＥ还提高ＭΦ诱导ＩＬ－１生成。上述实验以缺乏组反应最弱，３倍量组反应最强，而２０倍量组反有下降趋势。     

Kidney transplant monitoring by anti donor specific antibodies

Donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies were studied by cytotoxicity crossmatching (CTXM) and flow cytometry crossmatching (FCXM) in 117 kidney transplant candidates; the same study was carried out in 33 cadaver-donor kidney recipients, during the first 3 post-transplant months, for which donor cells were available. Pre-transport evaluation showed that 82.9 % of subjects were CTXM negative/FCXM negative, 6.8 % of patients were positive in both tests, and 10.3 % were CTXM negative/FCCM positive. Post-transplant monitoring for donor-specific antibodies (Abs-DS) showed that nine recipients (27.3 %) were FCXM positive; six of them were IgG + and three IgM +. In comparing these results with the clinical course, a significant association between FCXM IgG + and rejection episodes was observed (P < 0.01).     

大肠癌组织中免疫抑制因子和病理分期关系的探讨

本文观察16例大肠癌病人的癌组织培养上清液对人T细胞的增殖,ZL—2产生的影响和病理Dukes分期的关系,发现癌组织的TDSF对T细胞的增殖有显著抑制作用,对ZL—2的产生抑制作用不明显,对T细胞增殖率在DukesA与B期,其值与对照有显著差异(0.01P<0.05).在C期有非常显著差异(P<0.01).说明大肠癌组织确实分泌有能造成宿主免疫功能下降的抑制物质.且免疫作用不是通过ZL—2环节发生.     

应用单克隆抗体检测肺癌病人外周血中T细胞亚群

本文应用单克隆抗体检测33例原发性肺癌病人治疗前后外周血中T淋巴细胞亚群变化。结果提示:肺癌病人外周血中T细胞亚群明显有别于正常人,主要表现为T_H细胞降低和T_S细胞升高以及T_H/T_S比值明显倒置。短期观察结果表明,肺癌病人外周血中T_S细胞持续升高和T_H/T_S比值持续降低者,预后不良。临床检测T细胞亚群变化及它们的动态变化可作为判断宿主抗肿瘤免疫功能状态、病情发展和预后的敏感指标。     

Characterization of T cell epitopes in αs1-casein in cow''s milk allergic, atopic and non-atopic children

BACKGROUND: One to two percent of infants suffer from IgE-mediated allergic reactions against cow's milk proteins. Most children develop clinical tolerance, but approximately 15% are still allergic by the age of 10 years. Little is known about the T cell epitopes in individual cow's milk protein in relation to allergy and tolerance. OBJECTIVE: To identify T cell epitopes in alphas1-casein, the most abundant milk protein, and to investigate T cell responses toward these epitopes in allergic, atopic and non-atopic children. METHODS: Allergen-specific T cell lines (TCLs) were derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 11 cow's milk allergic, nine atopic and nine non-atopic children. T cell responses were measured to alphas1-casein and to overlapping peptides (18-mers), spanning the alphas1-casein molecule. Proliferation was determined by incorporation of (3)H-thymidine, and cytokine production (IL-10, IL-13 and IFN-gamma) was measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Four main regions (amino acid (AA) residues 43-66, 73-96, 91-114 and 127-180) in the alphas1-casein molecule were immunogenic to T cells, among which the AA residues 133-156 spanned the immunodominant part. Only subtle differences were found in peptide recognition between the subject groups. Some of the peptides induced slightly Th1- or Th2-skewed cytokine responses. The increased levels of IL-10 in response to alphas1-casein observed in TCLs from atopic children appeared not to be linked to recognition of specific IL-10-inducing epitopes. CONCLUSIONS: The immunodominant sequence in alphas1-casein is spanned by AA residues 133-156. Tolerance towards alphas1-casein in atopic children may be mediated by an overall induction of IL-10 and not by recognition of certain T cell epitopes. The identified T cell epitopes in children with cow's milk allergy may be useful targets in developing peptide immunotherapy.     

FasL的表达在结直肠癌免疫逃逸中的意义

目的研究结直肠癌中Fas配体（FasL）的表达及其在结直肠癌免疫逃逸中的意义。方法采用免疫组织化学染色法，检测80例结直肠癌组织中FasL表达及肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞（TIL）的数量。应用原位杂交法，检测80例结直肠癌组织连续切片的FasL的。RNA的表达。采用脱氧核糖核酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记技术（TUNEL），对80例结直肠癌组织中凋亡的TIL及肿瘤细胞进行观察。结果80例结直肠癌组织FasL表达程度不等，不论是在同一组织切片不同部位或两组织切片间相比，FasL表达程度和范围都不均匀。FasL的mRNA的表达部位与FasL蛋白的表达部位相对应。FasL表达程度高的组织的TIL计数低于FasL表达低的组织（P〈0．05），同时其TIL凋亡指数高于FasL表达低的组织，而结直肠癌细胞的凋亡指数低于FasL表达程度低的组织（P〈0．01），TIL凋亡指数与胃癌细胞的凋亡指数呈负相关（r=-0．631，P〈0．01）。结论全占直肠癌细胞可通过表达FasL，诱导TIL发生凋亡，反击机体免疫系统，这可能是结直肠癌免疫逃避的重要机制之一。     

Pseudo-Oversensing of the T Wave by an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator: A Nonclinical Problem

Two patients are described who had pseudo-oversensing of T waves during follow-up testing of the Medtronic PCD. Each patient exhibited appropriate T wave sensing following closely coupled spontaneous QRS complexes to subthreshold stimuli without having T wave sensing following sensed or paced complexes. One patient also revealed T wave sensing following fusion beats. The occurrence of T wave sensing in these unique clinical situations was due to the auto-adjusting sensitivity threshold function used by the PCD. Recognition of this normal sensing function will prevent inappropriate reprogramming of the sensitivity or postpace refractory period, interventions that could potentially lead to ventricular tachyarrhythmia undersensing.     

Development of mucosal immune function in man: potential for Gl disease states

The human mucosal immune system is structurally mature and has all the necessary cellular components to generate an immune response at birth. However, in the absence of dietary antigens and bacterial flora, there are no secondary follicles in the Peyer's patches and virtually no immunoglobulin A plasma cells in the lamina propria. Reactive follicle centers develop after birth but it takes 2 years for mucosal IgA plasma cell density to reach adult levels. T cells are present in the epithelium and lamina propria at birth, albeit at a lower frequency than later in life and there are major differences in phenotype between T cells in fetal intestine and postnatal intestine. There is no information on the impact of the massive antigenic challenge at birth on the mucosal immune system. Well-documented deficiencies in the ability of the blood T cells of the neonate to produce interleukin-4 and interferon-gamma may also occur in the intestine. It is still an open question whether it is better to try to prevent immunological sensitization of the newborn by avoiding potential allergens (i.e. cow's milk), or whether early exposure (as happens when premature infants are given formula feeds) might tolerize the infant. Hydrolysed cow's milk formulae are probably less antigenic than whole cow's milk and have been widely used in the treatment of cow's milk allergy. Some thought is now being given as to whether the prophylactic use of hydrolysates can reduce cow's milk allergy in ‘at-risk’ infants.     

红毛五加多糖对机体免疫功能的影响

本文研究红毛五加多糖成分对机体免疫功能的影响,实验结果表明红毛五加多糖可激发T、B-淋巴细胞的生物学效益。