吸入性损伤犬降钙素的变化

目的单因素观察吸入性损伤或烧伤后血清免疫反应性降钙素(iCT)的变化,分析其诊断意义。方法将24只犬随机分为单纯吸入性损伤后中度(A)、重度(B)、特重度损伤(C)组及单纯重度烧伤(D)组,每组6只。吸人性损伤犬均在伤后6 h行纤维支气管镜检查,以明确其损伤程度。分别于不同时相点抽取犬静脉血检测iCT含量,抽取动脉血做血气分析。结果(1)经纤维支气管镜检查,证实A、B、C组犬符合吸入性损伤的预期程度。(2)与伤前值(38±22)ng／L比较,各组吸人性损伤犬iCT含量在伤后1 h均明显升高(P<0．05),伤后4 h明显高于D组(P(0．05),其中A组于24 h达峰值(453±224)ng／L,B、C组在48 h内呈进行性升高。D组犬iCT含量在伤后2 h开始持续升高,至伤后48 h为(125±41)ng／L。(3)血气分析结果显示,与伤前值(109±8)mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0．133 kPa)比较,A、D两组氧分压(PaO2)伤后各时相点无明显差异(P>0．05),B、C组犬从伤后8 h和伤后4 h开始持续下降,分别为(65±6)、(71±9)mm Hg。与二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)的伤前值(38±5)mm Hg比较,C组犬伤后24 h PaCO2开始升高[(52±11)mm Hg]。结论在吸入性损伤后8 h内,iCT的变化明显早于血气分析指标,其诊断意义接近纤维支气管镜检查。     

鲑鱼降钙素对维持性血液透析患者并发高钙血症的疗效观察

目的观察鲑鱼降钙素治疗维持性血液透析（MHD）患者并发高钙血症的疗效。方法对28例MHD患者合并高钙血症者给予鲑鱼降钙素肌肉注射,开始每天1次,连续6d,以后每周2次,透析后使用。疗程12周。以用药前和用药后第2、4、8、12周检测血钙、血磷、钙磷乘积和血全段甲状旁腺素（iPTH）为指标,应用视觉模拟疼痛评分法对骨关节疼痛程度进行定量,并进行统计学分析。结果25例完成观察。治疗后第4周血钙、钙磷乘积均有不同程度降低,与治疗前比较有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;血磷和iPTH也有降低,但与治疗前比较差异无显著性。治疗后第4周,所有患者骨关节疼痛、活动障碍等症状均有不同程度缓解;疗程结束后23例症状基本消失,但治疗前已发生的转移性钙化等现象无变化。结论鲑鱼降钙素治疗MHD患者并发高钙血症,可以有效降低高血钙、钙磷乘积,并能够有效缓解骨关节疼痛症状,近期疗效显著。     

维生素D3中毒引起急性肾损伤11例临床分析

目的探讨维生素D3中毒患者急性肾损伤的发病率、临床表现和治疗。方法总结分析我院收治的11例维生素耽中毒致急性肾损伤的临床表现和救治经验。结果急性肾损伤9例,占81．8％,其中8例出现急性肾衰竭,占73％。所有患者经积极补液、利尿导泻,合理使用糖皮质激素、鲑鱼降钙素、前列地尔、还原型谷胱甘肽等综合救治后,全部临床治愈。结论维生素D3中毒致急性肾损害在临床上并不少见,多为可逆性,采取综合性治疗才能提高维生素D3中毒致肾损害的救治率。     

Teriparatide vs. calcitonin in the treatment of Asian postmenopausal women with established osteoporosis

This study compared the clinical efficacy, safety, and tolerability of daily subcutaneous injections of teriparatide and salmon calcitonin in the treatment of postmenopausal women with established osteoporosis in Taiwan. This 6-month, multicenter, randomized, controlled study enrolled 63 women with established osteoporosis. They were randomized to receive either teriparatide 20 μg or calcitonin 100 IU daily in an open-label fashion. Lumber spine, femoral neck, total hip bone mineral density (BMD), and biochemical markers of bone turnover were measured, and adverse events and tolerability were recorded. The results at 6 months showed that patients using teriparatide had larger mean increases in spinal BMD than those who used calcitonin (4.5% vs. 0.1%), but the BMD changes in these two groups at the femoral neck and the total hip were not significant. There were also larger mean increases in bone markers in the teriparatide group than in the calcitonin group (bone specific alkaline phosphatase 142% vs. 37%; osteocalcin 154% vs. 23%). We conclude that teriparatide has more positive effects on bone formation than salmon calcitonin, as shown by the larger increments of lumbar spine BMD and bone formation markers, and caused only mild adverse events and no significant change in liver, kidney or hematological parameters. Compared with the published global results, teriparatide seems to be equally effective and safe to use in this Asian population.     

Modification at Lys24 with fatty acid generates active calcitonin gene-related peptide with much improved plasma stability

As a 37-amino acid vasoactive neuropeptide, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is widely distributed in nervous systems. The studies and clinical applications of CGRP are limited by its peptide nature and short half-life. A series of peptide analogues of the α-form of CGRP were synthesized. Afterwards, by using in vitro metabolic and activity studies, we prepared two high affinity analogues with significantly improved plasma stability.     

无管化微通道经皮肾镜取石术对肾结石患者的疗效及对CRP、IL-6、PCT水平的影响

目的研究无管化微通道经皮肾镜取石术对肾结石患者的疗效及对CRP、IL-6、PCT水平的影响。方法回顾性分析2015年4月至2017年4月本院收治的肾结石患者463例,按手术方式的不同分成研究组109例和对照组354例。对照组采用标准通道经皮肾镜取石术治疗,研究组予以无管化微通道经皮肾镜取石术治疗。分别比较两组结石清除率,各项手术指标水平,治疗前后血清CRP、IL-6、PCT水平,术后并发症发生情况,手术前后生活质量评分情况。结果研究组结石清除率高于对照组,但组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组手术时间、术中出血量、术后置管时间、住院时间均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后研究组血清CRP、IL-6、PCT水平(0.92±0.31)nmol/L、(42.73±13.69)ng/L、(0.72±0.25)ng/L,均明显低于对照组的(1.33±0.40)nmol/L、(51.20±15.04)ng/L、(0.97±0.66)ng/L(P<0.05)。研究组术后并发症发生率为4.59%(5/109),明显低于对照组的18.93%(67/354)(P<0.05)。术后研究组各项SF-36评分均明显高于对照组,组间对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论无管化微通道经皮肾镜取石术可能成为治疗肾结石的有效手段之一,对患者早日康复,减少并发症的发生以及改善预后均可能具有一定的积极促进作用。     

感觉神经肽在变应性鼻炎发病机制中的作用

目的通过对鼻腔蝶腭神经或交感神经切断后的动物进行致敏,观察其症状和鼻腔感觉神经肽的变化,探讨感觉神经肽在变应性鼻炎发病机制和疾病发展中的作用。方法①观察致敏兔鼻黏膜中P物质(substanceP,SP)和降钙素基因相关肽(calcitoningene-relatedpeptide,CGRP)4周内含量变化;②将20只兔分成三组,C组(蝶腭神经切除组,8只),D组(交感神经切除组,8只),E组(无手术干预组,4只)。C、D组术后致敏,2周及4周后各处死4只,取出鼻黏膜,行免疫组化检查。结果①A组致敏兔1～4周内SP和CGRP含量无明显变化;②C组致敏后两周与四周鼻黏膜中SP含量(16.1±0.77,15.02±0.24),E组致敏后2周与4周鼻黏膜中SP含量(20.68±0.01,20.56±1.27)。C组致敏后2周与4周,SP含量较E组明显低(P<0.01),C组致敏后2周和4周SP无明显差异(t=0.37,P>0.05)。D组致敏后2周与4周鼻黏膜中SP含量(34.13±1.45,33.23±1.99);D组致敏后两周和四周SP无明显差异(t=0.16,P>0.05),但较E组都明显增高(P<0.01)。CGRP的含量变化与SP有一致性。结论SP和CGRP与变应性鼻炎发病和发展有相关性。     

Discontinuing monoclonal antibodies targeting CGRP pathway after one-year treatment: an observational longitudinal cohort study

BackgroundMonoclonal antibodies anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide (mAbs anti-CGRP) pathway are effective and safe on migraine prevention. However, some drug agencies limited these treatments to one year due to their high costs. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of discontinuing mAbs anti-CGRP on monthly migraine days (MMDs) and disability in high-frequency episodic (HFEM) and chronic migraine (CM) patients.MethodsThis observational longitudinal cohort study was conducted at 10 Italian headache centres. Consecutive adult patients were followed-up for three months (F-UP1–3) after discontinuation of a one-year erenumab/galcanezumab treatment. The primary endpoint was the change in F-UP MMDs. Secondary endpoints included variation in pain intensity (Numerical Rating Scale, NRS), monthly acute medication intake (MAMI), and HIT-6 scores. We also assessed from F-UP1 to 3 the ≥50% response rate, relapse rate to CM, and recurrence of Medication Overuse (MO).ResultsWe enrolled 154 patients (72.1% female, 48.2 ± 11.1 years, 107 CM, 47 HFEM); 91 were treated with erenumab, 63 with galcanezumab. From F-UP1 to F-UP3, MMDs, MAMI, NRS, and HIT-6 progressively increased but were still lower at F-UP3 than baseline (Friedman’s analysis of rank, p < .001). In the F-UP1–3 visits, ≥50% response rate frequency did not differ significantly between CM and HFEM patients. However, the median reduction in response rate at F-UP3 was higher in HFEM (− 47.7% [25th, − 79.5; 75th,-17.0]) than in CM patients (− 25.5% [25th, − 47.1; 75th, − 3.3]; Mann-Whitney U test; p = .032). Of the 84 baseline CM patients who had reverted to episodic migraine, 28 (33.3%) relapsed to CM at F-UP1, 35 (41.7%) at F-UP2, 39 (46.4%) at F-UP3. Of the 64 baseline patients suffering of medication overuse headache ceasing MO, 15 (18.3%) relapsed to MO at F-UP1, 26 (31.6%) at F-UP2, and 30 (42.3%, 11 missing data) at F-UP3. Lower MMDs, MAMI, NRS, and HIT-6 and higher response rate in the last month of therapy characterized patients with ≥50% response rate at F-UP1 and F-UP3 (Mann-Whitney U test; consistently p < .01).ConclusionMigraine frequency and disability gradually increased after mAbs anti-CGRP interruption. Most patients did not relapse to MO or CM despite the increase in MMDs. Our data suggest to reconsider mAbs anti-CGRP discontinuation.     

大鼠下颌下腺降钙素的定位研究

目的观察大鼠下颌下腺降钙素（CT）的分布。方法取16只健康的SD大鼠下颌下腺,采用免疫组织化学SP法进行染色。结果在大鼠下颌下腺,可见CT反应阳性物,它们主要分布于浆液性腺泡、混合性腺泡的浆液细胞内,各级导管的上皮细胞也呈CT反应阳性。结论下颌下腺可能具有分泌降钙素的功能,提示下颌下腺可能参与钙磷代谢的生理调节。     

血清降钙素基因相关肽、5-羟色胺浓度与带状疱疹疼痛程度相关性分析

目的观察血清降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)浓度与带状疱疹患者疼痛程度的相关性。方法选择2013年4月—2013年7月在我科住院的带状疱疹患者41例,采用视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scales,VAS)法进行疼痛评分,抽取外周静脉血分离血清,酶联免疫吸咐试验(ELISA)检测CGRP和5-HT,SAS软件分析VAS分值与血清CGRP、5-HT的相关性。结果 CGRP浓度与VAS分值呈负相关,相关系数为-0.763,P0.01;5-HT与VAS分值无相关性,相关系数为-0.171,P0.05。结论 CGRP可能对带状疱疹患者疼痛起着重要的调节作用,5-HT在带状疱疹疼痛的作用可能更为复杂。