原发性输卵管癌19例临床分析

目的：探讨原发性输卵管癌的临床表现和诊断方法。方法：回顾性分析我院2001年至2009年2月收治的19例原发性输卵管癌病例的临床资料。结果：患者平均年龄57．6岁。绝经后妇女13例（68．4％）。最常见的临床表现依次为盆腔肿块16例（84．2％）,腹胀8例（42．1％）、腹痛6例（31．5％）、异常阴道流血3例（15．7％）和阴道排液1例（5．2％）。组织学类型：浆液性腺癌17例（89．4％）,恶性苗勒氏混合瘤2例（10．6％）。细胞分化：低分化12例（63．1％）,中-低分化4例（21．0％）,中-高分化3例（15．7％）。FIFO分期：Ⅰ期2例,Ⅱ期3例,Ⅲ期9例,Ⅳ期2例。结论：原发性输卵管癌恶性程度高、临床表现多样且缺乏特异性,术前诊断率低。超声及血CA125有助于原发输卵管癌的早期诊断。     

房颤与N-末端脑钠肽前体、血清糖类抗原125的关系

目的 研究心房颤动与N-末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、血清糖类抗原125(Ca125)的关系.方法 选择房颤患者68例,正常对照组30人,采用化学免疫发光法检测血浆NT-proBNP及血清Ca125水平.绘制受试者工作特性(ROC)曲线,计算ROC曲线下面积.结果 房颤组患者血浆NT-proBNP水平为(1 548.3±988.7) pg/ml,高于对照组(409.7±236.7) pg/ml,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);房颤组患者血清Ca125水平为(28.4±22.9) U/ml,高于对照组(14.7±7.2) U/ml,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).NT-proBNP的ROC曲线下面积为0.843,提示预测房颤的NT-proBNP最佳切点值是737 pg/ml;Ca125的ROC曲线下面积为0.691,预测房颤的Ca125最佳切点值是20.13 U/ml.结论 NT-proBNP、Ca125和房颤有较密切的关系.     

放射性125I粒子治疗晚期肺癌的疗效分析

目的 探讨晚期肺癌的放射性¹²⁵I粒子植入治疗的临床疗效。方法 收集自2012年1月至2015年12月经放射性¹²⁵I粒子植入治疗的肺癌患者186例,分析患者的疗效及生存率。结果 所有入组病例均临床随访36个月,失访5例,随访率97.31%。平均生存期16.9个月,中位生存时间18.0个月(8～23个月)。影像学随访至12个月,完全缓解(complete relief, CR)35例,部分缓解(partial relief, PR)78例,疾病稳定(stable disease, SD)32例,疾病进展(progress disease, PD)23例,死亡18例。疾病控制(CR+PR+SD)145例,12个月总体控制率77.96%,术后6例死于呼吸衰竭,12例死于全身转移、恶液质,术后最长存活时间23个月。3例粒子移位脱落至纵隔,3例出现少量气胸,经保守治疗自行吸收。5例咯血痰,经补液止血治疗后治愈。无胸腔积液、肺部感染或针道种植转移等并发症。结论 放射性¹²⁵I粒子植入在改善晚期肺癌患者生活质量的同时,提高了患者远期生存率,是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

肿瘤标记物CEA、CA125在宫颈癌患者检测中的临床价值研究

目的:探讨宫颈癌患者实施肿瘤标记物(CEA、CA125)检测的临床价值。方法:选取宫颈癌患者70例作为观察组;选取同期实施健康体检均正常的妇女38例作为对照组。对两组研究对象的CEA、CA125的指标水平进行检测,探讨检测肿瘤标记物CA125、CEA在宫颈癌患者诊断中的应用价值。结果:观察组患者的CA125和CEA指标阳性率均表现出逐渐增加的趋势,CA125与CEA在Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期阳性率不具有明显差异,无统计学意义(P>0.05),CA125Ⅲ、Ⅳ期阳性率高于CEA,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的CEA、CA125指标水平明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:检测宫颈癌患者肿瘤标记物CA125、CEA,在协助疾病临床分期的判断方面应用价值较高,可使患者得到更加准确的治疗。     

热疗联合125I粒子治疗复发性直肠癌的近期疗效评价

目的：通过比较复发性直肠癌患者治疗前、后影像学和血清中癌胚抗原（CEA）以及术后随访结果,评价热疗联合¹²⁵I放射性粒子治疗直肠癌的有效性。方法：手术且放疗后行CT引导下¹²⁵I放射性粒子植入术（20例手术治疗患者,1例患者无法耐受热疗退出）,术前应用放射性粒子治疗计划系统（TPS）制定粒子植入计划,粒子间距为1.0 cm,植入后立即复查CT,再行剂量验证,植入粒子数量为12~58颗,每颗粒子放射性活度为0.5 mCi,肿瘤周边匹配剂量为90~140 Gy。射频热疗,每次60 min,维持温度43℃,每周2次,连续3周。治疗后随访3个月,通过影像学结果和血清中CEA水平变化评价有效率,并评估尿频、尿痛、血尿和直肠出血等并发症。结果：与治疗前比较,随访6个月后影像学结果显示肿瘤缩小;患者治疗后血清中CEA水平由治疗前（30.25±8.32） mg·L^-1降低到（11.89±5.22） mg·L^-1（t=13.158,P < 0.01）;局部有效率94.7%（18/19）,疼痛缓解率为94.4%（17/18）;治疗前NRS评分中位数为6（4,7）分,治疗后NRS评分中位数为1（0,3）分,治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。随访期间患者未出现尿频、尿痛、血尿和直肠出血等并发症。结论：热疗联合¹²⁵I放射性粒子植入对复发性直肠癌具有较好的临床效果,是复发性直肠癌有效的综合治疗手段。     

125Ⅰ粒子植入联合化疗治疗原发性中晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效观察

目的 观察CT引导下放射性125I粒子植入联合化疗治疗原发性中晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效.方法 收集2012-2016年重庆市第五人民医院收治的40例原发性中晚期非小细胞肺癌患者临床资料,分为研究组和对照组,每组20例.研究组患者接受125 Ⅰ粒子植入联合化疗,对照组患者接受125I粒子植入术.所有患者按照三维实体计划系统制定粒子植入计划.术后第2、6个月复查胸部CT.按照实体瘤疗效评价标准(response evaluation criteria in solid tumors,RECIST1.1)测量患者实体瘤最大直径之和,评价两组实体瘤治疗效果.结果 所有患者术后随访6个月.研究组术后2个月和6个月的总体有效率分别为70％和75％,对照组的总体有效率分别为30％和35％,两组6个月总体有效率差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组患者发生的不良反应主要为气胸、咯血等,差异无统计学意义(P＞o.05).结论 CT引导下放射性125Ⅰ粒子植入联合化疗治疗原发性中晚期非小细胞肺癌的有效率较单纯放射性125Ⅰ粒子植入治疗更高,疗效更显著.     

~（125）I在乳腺肿瘤中对内皮抑素的作用及机制研究

目的：研究125I粒子对乳腺肿瘤组织内皮抑素（ES）表达水平的影响,探讨125I粒子对抑肿瘤血管生长基因的作用及其分子生物学机制。方法：建立人类乳腺癌MCF-7细胞株的裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,将荷瘤鼠分两组：对照组,植入空载粒子;实验组：植入125I粒子。粒子植入后当对照组瘤体平均长径约为15～20mm时,处死荷瘤小鼠,标本分别冻存和固定,用半定量RT-PCR、Western blotting印迹及免疫组化染色方法检测ES的mRNA及其蛋白表达水平。结果：实验组中肿瘤组织及癌旁组织的ES的mRNA及其蛋白表达明显升高,与对照组相比,差异有显著性意义（P〈0.01）。两组肿瘤中正常组织ES的mRNA及其蛋白的表达变化不明显,无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论：125I粒子促进乳腺肿瘤组织抑肿瘤血管生长因子ESmRNA及其蛋白水平的表达。     

输卵管卵巢脓肿伴CA125升高一例

患者34岁，因发现左侧附件区占位病变伴CA125升高8d入院。8d前B超检查：子宫左侧4．1cm×3．4cm无回声区，壁较厚，其内见2．5cm×1．0cm不规则团块状强回声区，周边见血流信号，右侧附件区未见异常，子宫正常大小，肌层回声均匀，宫内节育器。CA125190．46U／ml。[第一段]     

Interstitial stereotactic radiosurgery of pilocytic astrocytomas in paediatric patients

Summary Objective. To evaluate the clinical presentation, tumour response, clinical improvement and complications in 12 children and young people with a pilocytic astrocytoma, WHO I grade 1, who were treated with interstitial radiosurgery using Iodine-125 seed implants. Patients and Methods. Retrospective analysis of 12 patients aged under 18 years (mean 8.4 years, ranging from 8 months to 17 years of age) with a pilocytic astrocytoma treated between 1993 and 2006. Iodine-125 seeds were used as temporary implants with low-dose rate (≤10 cGy/h) and a calculated reference dose of 60 and 100 Gy to the outer ring of the tumour. Results. There was no perioperative mortality. Two patients worsened transiently, but thereafter each patient improved clinically. Eleven out of 12 tumours shrank after the treatment. The mean volume of the tumours before implantation was 17.9 cm³. and was reduced to 60% of this volume at 6 months, to 26.5% at 12 months, to 8% at 24 months, and was less than 1% at 30–36 months One patient underwent a reimplantation to treat a recurrence 3 years after the initial treatment. Ten patients were alive 2 years after the first intervention. In the longest surving patient, there was no evidence of progression after 13.4 years of follow up.     

Radioactive seed localization of breast lesions: an adequate localization method without seed migration

Preoperative localization is important to optimize the surgical treatment of breast lesions, especially in nonpalpable lesions. Radioactive seed localization (RSL) using iodine-125 is a relatively new approach. To provide accurate guidance to surgery, it is important that the seeds do not migrate after placement. The aim of this study was to assess short-term and long-term seed migration after RSL of breast lesions. In 45 patients, 48 RSL procedures were performed under ultrasound or stereotactic guidance. In the first 12 patients, the lesion was localized with two markers: an iodine-125 seed and a reference marker. In 33 patients, 36 RSL procedures were performed using a single iodine-125 seed. All patients received control mammograms after seed placement and prior to surgery. In the patients with two markers, migration was defined as the difference in the largest distance between the markers observed in the mammograms. For single-marked lesions, migration was assessed by comparing distances between anatomical landmarks in the mammograms. RSL was successful in all patients. Seeds were in-situ for 59.5 days on average (3-136 days). The detection rate during surgery was 100%. Overall, an average seed migration of 0.9 mm (standard deviation 1.0 mm) was observed. Neither differences in lesion type, nor days in situ, type of surgery or radiologic localization method were found to have impact on seed migration. RSL is an accurate preoperative localization method for breast lesions with negligible seed migration, independent of time in-situ.