米索前列醇预防产后出血的临床观察

产后出血是分娩常见并发症，严重者危及产妇生命，预防产后出血是减少产妇病死率的重要内容之一。为探寻一种安全、简单、高效的预防方法，在产后立即给产妇一次性口服米索前列醇600μg，通过增强子宫收缩，预防产后出血，临床效果显著。现报告如下。     

米索前列醇预防剖宫产后出血344例临床观察

目的:观察米索前列醇预防剖宫产手术后出血的临床效果。方法:随机将有剖宫产手术指征的344例孕妇分为3组,分别为在胎儿娩出后给予米索前列醇200mg舌下含化(A组)、缩宫素静脉滴注及子宫肌层注射(B组)和对照组(C组,不给予任何药物),观察产后不同时间的出血量。结果:产后出血量及出血发生率A、B组均明显少于C组(P<0·05)。结论:米索前列醇对分娩后子宫具有较好的收缩作用,且给药方便、安全性较好。     

产前子痫并发弥漫性血管内凝血25例临床分析

目的探讨产前子痫并发弥漫性血管内凝血(D IC)的围产期处理方法及母儿结局。方法回顾性分折本院25例产前子痫合并弥漫性血管内凝血患者的临床资料。结果在治疗原发病的基础上,根据病情的轻重不同,输温新鲜血,纤维蛋白原,冷沉淀等治疗。其中阴道分娩10例,剖宫产15例。结论产前子痫与弥漫性血管内凝血关系密切,并发急性弥漫性血管内凝血是妊高征孕产妇和围产儿死亡的重要原因。防治产前子痫要特别重视防治D IC。在去除病因的同时及时输新鲜血,纤维蛋白原、冷沉淀是治疗产前子痫并发弥漫性血管内凝血的有效方法。     

眼底出血的辨证治疗

眼底出血具有吸收缓慢、病程迁延、并发症多、致盲率高等病理特点,是临床常见而且容易造成失明的眼底病。应从病因、病位、病程、眼底、药性等5个方面去详辨,使治疗措施符合病情。1辨病因以明病证性质眼底出血病因主要有6种,一是外伤出血:眼底结构精细,组织脆弱,任何轻微的损伤均可使血管破裂而出血;二是炎性出血:眼底血管因炎性刺激,血里的成分破壁而出;三是变性出血:眼底组织因变性疾患使血管脆性增加,凝血机制不良而出血;四是血管硬化出血:眼底动脉硬化,血管壁变厚,血流量减少,可使视网膜缺血,组织坏死出血;五是血管栓塞出血:眼底血管栓…     

异位妊娠误行终止早孕方法2例

1病例报告例1患者,女,32岁,停经38天有恶心,厌食、乏力等早孕反应,尿妊娠试验阳性,自购“米非司酮和米索前列醇”口服3天,服药第4天阴道有少量出血,见有胎物排出(未经医生检查)。服药后第8天,腹痛剧烈、肛门坠胀、头晕、畏寒、出冷汗并晕倒1次,来我院就诊。既往月经正常,足月顺     

高血压脑出血微创治疗中再出血的防治

应用YL-1型血肿碎吸针，依CT定位，穿刺碎吸血肿，损伤小、操作简便，已在全国推广应用。但其本身无止血作用，如操作方法不当，术中及术后再出血发生率较高，再次出血病人预后极差，临床上应重视再出血的防治。     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

催产素合宫血宁胶囊减少产后出血50例

我们用催产素合宫血宁胶囊预防产后出血，效果较好，现报道如下。     

低颅压综合征1例报告

低颅压综合征并非少见,常被误诊,尤其是当腰穿见到血性脑脊液时,常被诊断为蛛网膜下腔出血,而进行很多不必要的检查,给病人及家属造成过重负担。现将笔者遇到的1例低颅压综合征病例报告如下。1临床资料患者女,40岁。既往健康,无头部外伤史和腰穿史。入院3天前跑步后发生额部疼痛,为持续性疼痛,恶心、呕吐2次,无发热和周身不适;卧床时头痛明显减轻,坐起或站立后头痛很快加重。在厂医院对症治疗不见好转来诊。来诊时查体:意识清楚,血压正常,未查到任何神经系统阳性体征。头颅CT未见异常。腰穿脑脊液:初压为60 mm H2O,脑脊液黄染,常规检查蛋…