Adult medulloblastoma: review of 13 cases with emphasis on MRI

Medulloblastomas are generally associated with childhood, but 14–30% occur in adults, accounting for 1% of adult central nervous system tumors. While approximately one third of adult medulloblastomas present as vermian tumors similar to those seen in childhood, the majority differ substantially from the childhood variety. In this series of 13 patients, 5 had lateral, seemingly extra-axial masses in the cerebellopontine angle or at the tentorium, simulating meningiomas or acoustic neuromas, but angiographic hypovascularity in 2 of the latter suggested a diagnosis other than meningioma. Of 4 paramedian tumors, 3 diffusely infiltrated the cerebellar white matter, showed little or no gadolinium enhancement and were not associated with hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus was present in less than half of our patients; in childhood the reported incidence is 85–100%. A possible association with pregancy was noted.     

地榆鞣质抗肝癌细胞SMMC—7721的MTT及FCM分析

探讨中药成分地榆鞣质的抗癌活性，并试图建立一种筛选抗癌药物的方法，方法：运用ＭＴＴ法测定ＳＴＭ及ＳＴＬ对体外培养人肝癌ＳＭＭＣ－７７２１细胞的杀伤率并通过流式细胞仪分析细胞分裂周期各时象ＤＮＡ变化。结果；ＳＴＭ与ＳＴＬ均有明显抗癌活性，与阴性对照组相比有显著差异，并具有剂量效应关系，ＳＴＭ，ＳＴＬ与ＭＭＣ联合用药抗癌活性增强，与单独用药组相比差异显著；     

甲状腺微小癌48例临床病理分析

目的 :探讨甲状腺微小癌的病理特征及临床特点。方法 :对 48例甲状腺微小癌进行临床病理分析 ,常规制片HE染色。结果 :48例均为乳头状癌。大体标本 :切面呈灰白色 ,有的灰白色放射状瘢痕样 ,质地中等 ,部分较脆 ,无包膜。随访 43例健在 ,5例失访。结论 :甲状腺微小癌不少见 ,术前大多难以确诊 ,常在术后标本检查时被偶然发现 ,手术切除后预后良好。以锐刀每 0 .2cm作扇形切开 ,取下全部灰白区或瘢痕样组织做病理切片 ,可避免漏诊     

Partial splenic embolization for hypersplenism concomitant with or after arterial embolization of hepatocellular carcinoma in 30 patients

Purpose To study the value of partial splenic embolization (PSE) for the treatment of hypersplenism in patients undergoing embolization of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization (THAE) combined with PSE was performed in 30 patients with HCC complicating liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and hypersplenism. Gelfoam sponge was used as the embolic material for PSE and limited to 100–150 pieces. Results More than 50% of splenic parenchyma was infarcted in 27 patients. Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia were corrected by PSE in 25 of 27 patients with hypersplenism. In 26 patients with esophageal varices, including 5 patients with bleeding, no rebleeding occurred during a 6–17 month follow-up. Hypersplenism was not corrected in 2 of 3 patients whose infarcted splenic parenchyma was less than 50%. No splenic abscesses or other severe complications were observed. Of the 30 patients treated, 19 are still alive after 1 year. Conclusions THAE combined with PSE is a safe and effective measure for patients with HCC.     

Diagnostic imaging of spinal cord lesions

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has greatly facilitated morphologic evaluation of spinal cord lesions. Eleven cases representative of inflammatory, demyelinating, neoplastic and vascular diseases, are presented which illustrate and summarize important abnormal features in spinal cord imaging, particularly MR findings. Recently, specialised techniques such as MR angiography, fat-inhibiting methods, dynamic MRI and functional imaging have been developed. These methods have facilitated not only lesion diagnosis but also qualitative assessment, and are being used to analyze pathophysiology. Comprehensive diagnoses based on such modalities may be important in determining indications for surgery or defining the extent of surgery or the intensity of other treatments.     

血流频谱分析在乳腺肿块鉴别诊断中的价值

目的：检验血流频谱分析在鉴别乳腺原发性肿块良恶性方面的价值并确立最佳的数值标准。方法：使用彩色多普勒血流显像和能量多普勒显像分别引导脉冲多普勒频谱分析，检查了１０４例乳腺原发性包块（良性５５例６３个病灶，恶性４９例６４个病灶），测量指标包括肿块周边与内部血流收缩期峰速、搏动指数及阻力指数，并分别绘制受试者工作曲线确定各自的最佳阈值。结果，以ＣＤＦＩ状态取频谱，乳癌病灶周边及内部血流的平均ＰＳＶ，Ｐ     

前列腺体积与前列腺特异抗原及抗原密度关系的多元回归研究

对１００例前列腺增生患者的前列腺体积，年龄，血清前列腺特异抗原，抗原密度进行多元回归与相关分析。结果；年龄和前列腺体积与血清ＰＳＡ浓度显著相关，其中，体积与ＰＳＡ之间的年龄与体积之间具有相关性、而年龄与ＰＳＡ之间无相关性，体积每增加１０ｃｍ＾３，ＰＳＡ增高０．９μｇ／Ｌ。     

HBV DNA及HBxDNA亚片段在肝癌细胞内的整合及作用

为探讨ＨＢＶＤＮＡ及其亚基因片段ＨＢｘＤＮ在肝细胞肝癌（ＨＣＣ）中整合特点用机制，制备了地高辛标记的３．２ｋｂＨＢＶＤＮＡ全基因及０．５９ｋｂＨＢＶＤＮＡ／ＢａｍＨＩ，ＢｇｌⅡＢＨｘＤＮＡ亚基因探针。点杂交、原位杂交及Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交检测ＨＢＶＤＮＡ的存在情况，筛选ＨＢＶＤＮＡ纯整合标本，以ＨＢｘＤＮＡ探针检测ＨＢｘＤＮＡ在ＨＣＣ染色体的整合。结果显示ＨＢＶＤＮＡ在肝细胞内以核型为主（７０％）     

乌苯美司的药物动力学及对实验性肿瘤转移的治疗作用

目的：探讨乌苯美司对小鼠药物动力学及与实验性肿瘤转移治疗活性间的关系。方法：用放射免疫法测定小鼠在不同给药途径下的乌苯美司血清药物动力学及观察乌苯美司对黑色素瘤肺转移模型的治疗活性。结果：乌苯美司ｉｖ的Ｔ１２较短，初始血药浓度较高。ｉｖ和ｉｍ给药后的曲线下面积较大；ｐｏ及ｉｐ则较小。不同给药途径对实验性肿瘤转移均有治疗作用。结论：乌苯美司的血清Ｔ１２较短，其治疗活性取决于冲击和高剂量的给药方式。