Relapse of colon cancer followed by polymyositis: Report of a case and review of the literature

The direct causal relationship between dermatomyositis-polymyositis (PM) and malignancy remains controversial. We describe herein the case of a patient who underwent surgical treatment for colon cancer, which had preceded the onset of PM with tumor relapse. The PM markedly improved following the initiation of steroid therapy, and has remained under control, probably as a result of chemotherapy. The current concepts of variable clinical courses and the possible mechanism for the association of PM with malignancy are discussed following this case report.     

多发性肌炎与皮肌炎(附25例报告)

多发性肌炎与皮肌炎25例,其中多发性肌炎21例,皮肌炎2例,多发性肌炎或皮肌炎伴发恶性肿瘤2例。从临床表现、生化检查、肌电图及肌肉活检等方面进行分析,提出多发性肌炎与皮肌炎的诊断条件。本组均采用皮质类固醇治疗,5例合并免疫抑制剂治疗,其中临床治愈4例,显著好转10例,好转5例,无效2例,死亡4例。     

Acute Polymyositis Following Renal Transplantation

Myositis is a rare complication following renal transplantation and is most commonly the result of drug-mediated myotoxicity. Other causative disorders include viral infection, electrolyte imbalance and myositis of autoimmune origin. We describe a 60-year-old patient who developed acute polymyositis 4 weeks after a 000 human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatch cadaveric renal transplant. Following an uncomplicated transplant course with maintenance triple immunosuppression (prednisolone, mycophenolate mofetil and cyclosporine), the patient presented with severe symmetrical proximal muscle weakness associated with a rise in serum creatine kinase to 46800 U/L. Electromyography confirmed myopathic changes and muscle biopsy demonstrated extensive muscle-fiber necrosis with an inflammatory infiltrate. There were no obviously culpable drugs and viral studies were negative. Prompt initiation of high-dose steroid therapy led to clinical and biochemical recovery. Acute polymyositis may occur following renal transplantation. Potential mechanisms include viral antigen transmission or a localized form of graft vs. host disease.     

Acute polymyositis associated with W. bancrofti

Two cases of acute polymyosotis associated with W. bancrofti , presented with generalised painful swelling and weakness of the muscles. These patients had elevated muscle enzymes, a myopathic EMG pattern, inflammatory myopathy on biopsy and W. bancrofti in the peripheral blood smear. The clinical, improvement of the disorder and total clearance of microfilariae was obtained with the combination therapy of steroid and diethyl-carbamazine in comparison with steroid alone.     

柯萨奇病毒诱发实验性多发性肌炎的初步研究

分别用不同量的柯萨奇病毒Ｂ１、２、３感染和兔肌匀浆加完全弗氏佐剂免疫正常豚鼠；拟建立多发性肌炎模型。结果发现：０．１ｍｌ毒力为１０－５ＴＣＩＤ５０柯萨奇病毒Ｂ１感染豚鼠组，３周后出现多发性肌炎症状。肌酶谱异常与其它组有明显差异，病理检查证实为多发性肌炎改变。单纯兔肌匀浆免疫对照组未发病。提示柯萨奇病毒Ｂ１感染及感染的病毒量与多发性肌炎的发病相关     

特发性肌炎免疫机制研究及临床意义

目的探讨多发性肌炎（PM）和皮肌炎（DM）患者骨胳肌组织损伤的免疫机制及临床意义。方法应用免疫荧光一步法和免疫组化SP法分析25例PM／DM肌组织中免疫球蛋白IgG、IgM、补体C3和浸润肌组织单核细胞的分布与定位。结果PM和DM肌组织中IgG、IgM、C3的阳性率分别为60％、33．3％、20％和70％、40％、50％，以IgG为主（P＜0．05），分布于肌组织血管壁、肌膜和肌浆中，补体C3在DM血管壁的分布有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；80％PM和7O％DM肌组织有单核细胞浸润，PM以T淋巴细胞为主，Ia＋活化TS细胞占多数，主要分布于肌内衣，DM以B淋巴细胞为主，多分布在肌柬衣血管周围。结论免疫反应在PM和DM发病机理中占重要地位，PM以T细胞介导的细胞毒作用为主，DM以体液免疫特别是补体介导的血管损害为主。     

Localized nodular myositis and the diagnosis of the localized muscle mass

Localized nodular myositis (LNM) is a rare variant of polymyositis beginning with inflammatory nodules within muscles. Only seven cases have so far been reported in the literature. We describe a probable further case of LNM in a 67-year-old man with ischemic claudication of the left leg for three years who presented with painful nodules in the left gastrocnemius muscle and signs of systemic disease; a complete follow-up was not possible, because the patient died after only two months and autopsy was not performed. Muscle biopsy showed localized areas of necrotic and inflammatory pleomorphic changes, in keeping with the features of the other known cases. The ultrastructural findings (not previously reported in this disease) were characterized by marked changes of endomysial capillaries, with fibroblastic metamorphosis of the endothelial cells, and by the presence of filamentous inclusions in the myonuclei. The differential diagnosis of LNM from other localized muscle masses, chiefly from muscle infarct, is discussed.

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Sommario La miosite nodulare localizzata è una rara variante della polimiosite caratterizzata all'esordio da noduli infiammatori circoscritti nell'ambito delle masse muscolari, di cui sono stati sinora descritti solo sette casi. Viene qui riportata un'ulteriore osservazione in un uomo di 67 anni, sofferente di claudicatio ischemica alla gamba sinistra da 3 anni, che aveva presentato noduli dolorosi al muscolo gastrocnemio sinistro e segni di malattia sistemica; il paziente morí dopo 2 mesi, e non fu possibile eseguire autopsia. La biopsia muscolare mostrò aspetti localizzati di necrosi e infiltrazione pleiomorfa, in accordo con le precedenti osservazioni. L'indagine ultrastrutturale (mai descritta finora in quest a malattia) mostrò gravi alterazioni dei capillari endomisiali con metamorfosi fibroblastica delle cellule endoteliali, e presenza di inclusioni filamentose nei mionuclei. La diagnosi di miosite nodulare localizzata viene discussa nell'ambito delle varie forme di tumefazioni circostritte dei muscoli, con particolare riguardo all'infarto muscolare.

     

多发性肌炎/皮肌炎患血清肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体的测定及其临床意义

目的：检测多发性肌炎/皮肌炎（PM/DM）患者血清肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体（sTRAIL）的水平及其在多发性肌炎/皮肌炎中的临床意义.方法：采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测2012年10月～2013年8月中日友好医院风湿免疫科40例PM/DM患者,20例健康人血清中sTRAIL的水平.分析sTRAIL水平与PM/DM各临床特点的关系.结果：PM/DM患者组血清sTRAIL水平为1380.71±126.49ng/L,显著高于健康对照组493.89±33.32ng/L（P＜0.05）.吞咽困难的PM/DM患者血清sTRAIL水平（1775.76±321.95ng/L）显著高于无吞咽困难者（958.24±155.66ng/L,P＜0.05）.是否合并肺间质病变,其血清sTRAIL水平无显著性差异（P＞0.05）.Jo-1阳性的患者组血清sTRAIL水平为562.36±52.99ng/L,显著低于Jo-1阴性的患者组1334.57±181.21ng/L（P＜0.05）.PM/DM患者血清sTRAIL水平与乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）显著负相关（r=-4.03,P＜0.05）.结论：TRAIL在多发性肌炎/皮肌炎的发病机制中起作用,其异常表达与患者的临床特征密切相关.     

Renal Squamous Cell Carcinoma-related Polymyositis in a Patient with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

A 74-year-old Japanese woman diagnosed with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) was admitted to our institute for the further examination of right-side groin pain developing in the past week. The patient was diagnosed with polymyositis (PM). Diagnostic imaging showed a mass lesion measuring 8 cm and a renal stone in the right kidney. Immediately following surgical resection of the right kidney, the patient''s serum CK decreased to the normal range. A histopathological analysis showed well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. In conclusion, this case showed a close relationship between the occurrence of squamous cell carcinoma and the development of PM in an ADPKD patient.     

髂腰肌针极肌电图在诊断多发性肌炎中的应用价值

 目的 探讨髂腰肌肌电图在诊断多发性肌炎中的应用价值。方法 回顾性收集2018-01至2019-02于首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院就诊并确诊为多发性肌炎的28例患者(多发性肌炎组)的临床资料,以及年龄、性别相匹配的健康人20名(对照组),就其髂腰肌、股四头肌、三角肌肌电图自发电位和小力收缩运动单位电位(motor unit action potential, MUAP)进行分析。结果 对照组髂腰肌未检测出自发电位,多发性肌炎组髂腰肌自发电位阳性率为57.14%(16/28),显著高于对照组(P<0.001);另外其MUAP波幅显著低于对照组[(424.20±82.41)μV vs. (593.93±65.49 )μV,P<0.001],MUAP时限也显著短于对照组[(9.73±2.05)vs. (11.26±0.42) ms,P<0.01]。在肌肉病患者中,股四头肌自发电位阳性率为35.71%(10/28),三角肌自发电位阳性率为25.00%(7/28),三角肌自发电位显著低于髂腰肌(P<0.05)。结论 髂腰肌在多发性肌炎患者中有明显的肌源性损害的表现,可为临床提供更加敏感、客观的诊断依据。