西尼必利联合胃复春片治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎的临床研究

目的 探讨酒石酸西尼必利片联合胃复春片治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2018年1月—2019年3月天津中医药大学第一附属医院收治的120例慢性萎缩性胃炎患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将所有患者分为对照组和治疗组,每组各60例。对照组口服胃复春片,4片/次,3次/d。治疗组在对照组的基础上饭前15 min口服酒石酸西尼必利片,1 mg/次,3次/d。两组患者连续治疗12周。观察两组临床疗效,比较两组的临床症状评分、胃黏膜炎症病理评分、胃泌素（GAS）、胃动素（MTL）及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、前列腺素E₂（PGE₂）。结果 治疗后,治疗组的临床总有效率为93.33%,明显高于对照组80.00%,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组患者胃脘疼痛评分、胃中嘈杂评分、嗳气泛酸评分、胃黏膜炎症病理评分均较治疗前明显降低（P<0.05）;并且治疗后治疗组患者临床症状评分、胃黏膜炎症病理评分均明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组患者GAS、MTL水平均较治疗前明显降低,GSH-Px、PGE₂水平较治疗前明显升高（P<0.05）;治疗后,治疗组患者GAS、MTL水平明显低于对照组,GSH-Px、PGE₂水平明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 酒石酸西尼必利片联合胃复春片治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎的疗效确切,能有效改善临床症状、减轻胃黏膜炎症。     

羚羊角颗粒联合左乙拉西坦治疗小儿癫痫的临床研究

目的探讨羚羊角颗粒联合左乙拉西坦治疗小儿癫痫的临床效果。方法选取2014年10月-2018年7月苏州大学附属儿童医院和苏州科技城医院收治的癫痫患儿124例,随机分成对照组(62例)和治疗组(62例)。对照组口服左乙拉西坦片,起始剂量10 mg/(kg·d),2次/d,连用1周后以每周增加10 mg/(kg·d)的幅度调整剂量至30 mg/(kg·d),2次/d,维持治疗。治疗组在对照组基础上口服羚羊角颗粒,4~5岁2.5 g/次,5~10岁3.75 g/次,10~13岁5 g/次,2次/d。两组患者连续治疗6个月。观察两组患者临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者癫痫发作情况、动态脑电图(AEEG)监测结果、血清金属基质蛋白-9(MMP-9)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)和S-100β水平以及儿童生活质量量表4.0(Peds QLTM4.0)量表评分。结果治疗后,对照组临床有效率为79.0%,显著低于治疗组的91.9%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者癫痫发作频率均显著降低(P<0.05),持续时间均显著缩短(P<0.05),且治疗组癫痫发作情况的改善效果显著好于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者AEEG显示痫性放电人数和总异常人数均显著低于治疗前(P<0.05),且治疗组明显少于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者血清MMP-9、NSE、S-100β水平均显著下降(P<0.05),且治疗组患者血清MMP-9、NSE、S-100β水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者Peds QLTM4.0普适型家长代评量表中生理领域和心理社会领域评分及其总分均显著升高(P<0.05),且治疗组患者PedsQLTM4.0量表评分明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论羚羊角颗粒联合左乙拉西坦治疗小儿癫痫能有效稳定患儿病情,改善脑部异常放电,减轻脑组织损伤,提升患儿生活质量。     

安神胶囊联合喹硫平治疗精神分裂症的临床研究

目的研究安神胶囊联合富马酸喹硫平片治疗精神分裂症的临床疗效。方法选取2016年9月—2019年9月在天津市安定医院治疗的100例精神分裂症患者为研究对象,将患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各50例。对照组患者口服富马酸喹硫平片,第1、2、3、4天分别给予50、100、200、300 mg,之后剂量逐渐增加到有效剂量范围300～450 mg/d,2次/d;治疗组患者在对照组基础上口服安神胶囊,4粒/次,3次/d。两组患者持续治疗2个月。观察两组患者临床疗效,比较两组的阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)评分、生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)评分和简明精神病量表(BPRS)评分以及血清学指标。结果治疗后,治疗组总有效率显著高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者PANSS评分和BPRS评分明显降低,GQOLI-74评分明显升高(P0.05),且治疗组改善较多(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、碱性髓鞘蛋白(MBP)水平均明显降低,脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、胶质细胞系来源神经营养因子(GDNF)水平均明显升高(P0.05);且治疗组改善较多(P0.05)。结论安神胶囊联合富马酸喹硫平片治疗精神分裂症具有较好的治疗效果,能够改善患者临床症状,降低血清炎性因子水平,安全性较高,值得在临床上推广应用。     

体外膜肺氧合患者抗感染治疗的药学监护

目的 分析体外膜肺氧合（ECMO）时抗感染治疗药物监护的重点和难点。方法 回顾性分析28例使用体外膜肺氧合治疗的危重症患者,统计患者的临床基本情况、病原学检出、抗感染药物使用和治疗药物监测情况。结果 28例患者中男性20例,女性8例,平均年龄为44.7岁,平均ECMO持续时间20.3 d,使用ECMO前即有肝功能不全者16例、肾功能不全5例、心衰7例、低蛋白血症18例,12例合并使用持续肾脏替代治疗（CRRT）,平均APACHEII评分为19.1分,SOFA评分为7.6分。ECMO撤离后最终治疗成功、存活患者7例,死亡、自动出院或放弃治疗21例。共培养出病原体55例,多数为多重耐药革兰阴性杆菌、碳青霉烯类药物耐药,治疗药物监测为万古霉素19例、碳青霉烯类11例、伏立康唑4例,血药浓度监测各品种均有超过半数未在治疗范围内。结论 ECMO影响危重患者的血药浓度,应加强对该类患者的抗感染治疗药学监护。     

年龄校正的D-二聚体联合Daniel心电图评分在急性肺栓塞中的诊断价值

目的探讨年龄校正的D-二聚体联合Daniel心电图评分在急性肺栓塞(APE)中的诊断价值。方法158例年龄校正的D-二聚体阳性疑似急性肺栓塞患者,根据肺动脉CT血管造影(CTA)检查结果分为急性肺栓塞组(急性肺栓塞患者)和对照组(无急性肺栓塞患者),每组79例。两组均进行Daniel心电图评分。比较两组Daniel心电图评分,并应用ROC曲线评估其对急性肺栓塞的诊断价值。结果急性肺栓塞组的Daniel心电图评分(3.97±2.19)分显著高于对照组的(1.52±1.42)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线下面积为0.832(标准误为0.033),面积95%CI=(0.767,0.897),Daniel心电图评分越大诊断肺栓塞的可能性越大,最佳界值为2分,在该处敏感性和特异度为最大,以≥2分诊断肺栓塞的敏感性为82.28%,特异度为75.95%。结论年龄校正的D-二聚体联合Daniel心电图评分在急性肺栓塞中具有较好的诊断价值。     

智能分布式药品柜管控系统在儿童重症监护病房的应用

目的:探讨智能分布式药品柜管控系统在儿童重症监护病房(PICU)药品管理中的作用。方法:临床药师参与完善智能分布式药品柜管控系统的组成功能、工作流程并比较使用前后的工作模式及数据。结果:智能分布式药品柜管控系统与医院信息系统(HIS)对接后,实现了药品补充、取药、盘点、监控等信息化的管理。与使用前比较,智能分布式药品柜管控系统的应用降低了库存误差率(P<0.05),提高了账物相符率(P<0.05),节约了盘点时间(P<0.01)。结论:智能分布式药品柜管控系统确保了药品的存储安全,降低了用药错误,明确了责任分工,提高了经济效益,为病区的药品管理提供了新的方式与思路。     

硫酸镁对急性脑梗死患者NIHSS评分及NSE的影响

目的观察硫酸镁治疗急性脑梗死的疗效,分析镁离子对急性脑梗死患者美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分(NIHSS)及神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)的影响。方法选择2016年3月-2019年9月在广东省潮州市人民医院住院治疗的急性脑梗死患者100例,根据掷币法随机分为观察组50例和对照组50例。对照组采用综合治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上联合硫酸镁治疗。比较2组患者治疗前后NIHSS评分、NSE水平及临床疗效和不良反应发生情况。结果2组治疗后NIHSS评分均低于治疗前(P<0.05),且观察组NIHSS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗第5天,2组NSE均升高(P<0.05),但观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗第10天,2组NSE均低于治疗前和治疗第5天(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组总有效率为88.0%高于对照组的70.0%(P<0.05)。2组均未见严重不良反应发生。结论硫酸镁可为急性脑梗死的辅助治疗提供新的方法。     

Association between the TAP1 gene polymorphisms and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in patients from Western Mexico: A pilot study

BackgroundRecurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a respiratory tract disease that affects children and adults and is characterized by the recurrent proliferation of multiple papillomas. The etiologic agent is the human papillomavirus, mainly genotypes 6 and 11. Furthermore, polymorphisms in TAP1 appear to influence the selection of antigenic peptides and the transport process to the rough endoplasmic reticulum, for their subsequent presentation to T lymphocytes, an essential process against viral diseases and tumor processes. Previous studies have shown that individuals with those polymorphisms are susceptible to immune, infectious, and tumor‐related diseases. The present study aimed to determine the association between the TAP1 rs1057141 (c.1177A>G) and rs1135216 (c.2090A>G) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and RRP.MethodsA case–control study was carried out on a group of 70 individuals (35 controls and 35 patients). RRP diagnosis, HPV genotyping, and viral load were determined through histology and PCR. SNPs rs1057141 and rs1135216 were identified through allelic discrimination, using real‐time PCR. The haplotypic analyses were performed using the Arlequin 3.5 program.ResultsHPV‐6 and HPV‐11 were the genotypes found in the samples. In the polymorphism analysis, rs1057141 showed no significant differences (p = 0.049, CI = 0.994–7.331). In contrast, a significant difference was found in rs1135216 (p = 0.039, OR = 2.4) in the allelic analysis, as well as in the dominant (p = 0.027, OR = 3.06), codominant (p = 0.033, OR = 3.06), and additive model (p = 0.043, OR = 2.505) in subjects with the G allele.ConclusionThe G allele in rs1135216 was associated with a genetic risk of susceptibility for RRP in a population in Western Mexico.     

Ferritin as a key risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children with obesity

BackgroundThe association between serum ferritin and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children with obesity is not clear. This study was designed to investigate whether serum ferritin can be an independent predictor for NAFLD.MethodsAccording to the hepatic ultrasound results, a total of 347 children with obesity were enrolled in this study. Among them, 95 patients with NAFLD and 95 without NAFLD were matched for gender, age, blood pressure and body mass index, the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of ferritin and the risk of NAFLD were analyzed.ResultsAfter propensity score matching, ferritin values of the patients with NAFLD were significantly higher than those without NAFLD group. Alanine aminotransferase and ferritin were strongly associated with NAFLD in multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis. The medium and high levels of ferritin increased risk of NAFLD, and the adjusted ORs were 3.298 (95% CI:1.326‐8.204), 7.322 (95% CI:2.725‐19.574) across the ferritin concentration tertiles after adjustment for confounders. Ferritin was shown to be the best predictor for NAFLD with sensitivity and specificity of 60.0% and 77.9%, respectively, area under the curve was 0.733.ConclusionThe results show that serum ferritin can usefully be considered as a predictor of NAFLD in children with obesity.     

Fibrinogen to albumin ratio reflects the activity of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody‐associated vasculitis

BackgroundWe investigated whether fibrinogen to albumin ratio (FAR) at diagnosis could reflect the cross‐sectional activity and predict poor outcomes in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)‐associated vasculitis (AAV).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 54 immunosuppressant drug‐naïve patients with AAV who had the results of plasma fibrinogen and serum albumin at diagnosis. Clinical and laboratory data at diagnosis were collected, and all‐cause mortality, cerebrovascular accident, cardiovascular disease, end‐stage renal disease occurrences were assessed as poor outcomes. FAR was calculated by the following equation: FAR = plasma fibrinogen (g/dl)/serum albumin (g/dl).ResultsThe median age was 65.5 years, and 59.3% of patients were men (33 MPA, 13 GPA and 8 EGPA). FAR was significantly correlated with Birmingham vasculitis activity score (BVAS; r = 0.271), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR; r = 0.668) and C‐reactive protein (CRP; r = 0.638). High BVAS was defined as BVAS ≥16, and the cut‐off of FAR at diagnosis was set as 0.118. AAV patients with FAR at diagnosis ≥0.118 had a significantly higher risk for the cross‐sectional high BVAS than those without (RR 3.361). In the univariable linear regression analysis, CRP (β = 0.383) and FAR (β = 0.297) were significantly correlated with BVAS at diagnosis. However, in the multivariable analysis, none of them was correlated with the cross‐sectional BVAS. FAR at diagnosis could not predict poor outcomes during follow‐up in AAV patients.ConclusionsFibrinogen to albumin ratio at diagnosis could reflect the cross‐sectional BVAS but could not predict poor outcomes in patients with AAV.