全文获取类型
收费全文 | 47850篇 |
免费 | 5038篇 |
国内免费 | 1851篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 373篇 |
儿科学 | 361篇 |
妇产科学 | 436篇 |
基础医学 | 6046篇 |
口腔科学 | 1341篇 |
临床医学 | 4433篇 |
内科学 | 5417篇 |
皮肤病学 | 440篇 |
神经病学 | 3366篇 |
特种医学 | 1561篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1篇 |
外科学 | 4379篇 |
综合类 | 8143篇 |
现状与发展 | 5篇 |
预防医学 | 7148篇 |
眼科学 | 790篇 |
药学 | 5259篇 |
74篇 | |
中国医学 | 2867篇 |
肿瘤学 | 2299篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 298篇 |
2023年 | 1090篇 |
2022年 | 2143篇 |
2021年 | 2543篇 |
2020年 | 2127篇 |
2019年 | 1686篇 |
2018年 | 1631篇 |
2017年 | 1823篇 |
2016年 | 1704篇 |
2015年 | 1859篇 |
2014年 | 3008篇 |
2013年 | 3485篇 |
2012年 | 2808篇 |
2011年 | 3203篇 |
2010年 | 2465篇 |
2009年 | 2560篇 |
2008年 | 2536篇 |
2007年 | 2531篇 |
2006年 | 2145篇 |
2005年 | 1925篇 |
2004年 | 1544篇 |
2003年 | 1349篇 |
2002年 | 1017篇 |
2001年 | 910篇 |
2000年 | 842篇 |
1999年 | 715篇 |
1998年 | 547篇 |
1997年 | 515篇 |
1996年 | 436篇 |
1995年 | 408篇 |
1994年 | 390篇 |
1993年 | 304篇 |
1992年 | 295篇 |
1991年 | 229篇 |
1990年 | 240篇 |
1989年 | 190篇 |
1988年 | 153篇 |
1987年 | 160篇 |
1986年 | 111篇 |
1985年 | 168篇 |
1984年 | 132篇 |
1983年 | 82篇 |
1982年 | 87篇 |
1981年 | 76篇 |
1980年 | 64篇 |
1979年 | 59篇 |
1978年 | 41篇 |
1977年 | 32篇 |
1976年 | 28篇 |
1975年 | 16篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 11 毫秒
51.
The systolic hump in the aortic blood pressure wave is defined as the aorticresistance component proportional to the aortic
blood flow superimposed on the windkessel component. An electrical analogue comprising a series resistance (aortic resistance)
plus a resistance (peripheral resistance) and capacitance (aortic compliance) in parallel (i.e. windkessel component) is used
for analysis. Curve fitting using the leastsquares method is performed on calculated and measured blood pressure waves from
dogs under haemodynamical conditions induced by infusion of three drugs (noradrenaline, isoproterenol and acetylcholine).
The curve fitting RMS (root mean square) errors are <3% for blood pressure waves and <30% for blood flow waves, with good
agreement between measured and calculated blood flow waveforms. Infusion of noradrenaline and acetylcholine is found to induce
a significant decrease and increase in the aortic resistance, respectively. Although only a small fraction of the blood pressure
wave, the systolic hump has a marked effect on the systolic pressure waveform. 相似文献
52.
熵代表无序的水平,作者使用通气的熵变(ECV)指示肺通气的不均匀性,ECV定义为当前泡潮气量趋近于零时每摩尔被吸入气体从不均匀通气到均匀通气的熵变的极限。本文从熵的基本公式民地出ECV的计算方程。用几个数学模型肺将ECV同其他7个洗出指标进行了比较。8个指标中,只有ECV仅取决于通气分布,其他7个指标不仅取决于通气分布,还同潮气量和死腔的大小有关。这影响了它们评价肺通气不均匀性的效果,ECV的另一 相似文献
53.
Martin Woodhead 《Early child development and care》1990,58(1):129-141
There is now a substantial body of American research evidence demonstrating that early education programmes can have major long term effects right through into adult life. Cost-benefit analysis has enabled the data to be transformed into a compelling case for public financial investment. But insufficient attention has been paid to explaining how a short term preschool programme could have such enduring effects. The effects are best understood by applying a transactional model which shows how processes in the school and community transformed and amplified short term effects into long term outcomes. Adopting a transactional model modifies the messages for policy. The results of evaluations carried out in one society may not apply in another. In some school systems there may be more effective strategies than early education for improving educational prospects. 相似文献
54.
Gene M. Heyman 《Psychopharmacology》1993,112(2-3):259-269
A series of experiments evaluated the determinants of preference for mixtures of ethanol plus sucrose relative to sucrose in rats. One dipper served 10% ethanol mixed with 10% sucrose, and the second dipper served 10% sucrose. Lever presses operated each dipper according to a variable-interval 5-s schedule. In three experiments the subjects were given pre-session meals of sucrose (2.5–20 ml) or sucrose (20 ml) plus chow (5 or 10 g). Pre-session meals decreased responding maintained by sucrose but not responding maintained by ethanol mixture. In two experiments body weight was varied from 85% to 125% of the initial free-feeding values. Increases in body weight, like pre-session meals, decreased responding reinforced by sucrose, but typically did not decrease responding reinforced by ethanol mixture. Throughout most of the study, ethanol consumption remained at about 1.25 ml per half hour session (3–4 g/kg per 30 min). For example, pre-session access to ethanol mixture decreased within-session ethanol consumption, but total consumption, counting both sources, remained about 1.25 ml/session. The within-session patterns of responding also differed. Responding reinforced by ethanol mix decreased as a function of ethanol consumption, whereas responding reinforced by sucrose was relatively constant throughout the session. The simplest explanation of the results is that ethanol's pharmacological consequences regulated preference. 相似文献
55.
56.
A rat model of monitoring liver allograft rejection 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Timi Martelius Heikki Mäkisalo Krister Höckerstedt Eero Taskinen Irmeli Lautenschlager 《Transplant international》1997,10(2):103-108
Rat models are often used to study liver allograft rejection. We have established a model for rat liver allograft rejection,
monitored by fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), in the strain combination PVG-to-BN with a mean survival time of 37 ± 20
days. In this model, we observed acute rejection with an intense peak of lymphoid blasts and lymphocyte-dominated inflammation
in the FNAB [9.1 ± 3.0 corrected increment units (CIU)], and an eventual increase in macrophages (up to 4.2 ± 4.4 CIU), together
with fibrosis and parenchymal necrosis in the graft. Markers of immune activation, such as an increase in IL-2-receptor (from
1 % ± 2 % to 21 % ± 13 %) and class II (from 20 % ± 9 % to 43 % ± 13 %) expressing lymphoid cells and induction of ICAM-1
in the graft, were consistent with the overall cellular response. The FNAB correlated well with parallel graft histology.
In this rat model, the atraumatic monitoring makes a close follow-up possible without having to sacrifice the experimental
animals. This saves work, animals, and costs in the study of liver rejection.
Received: 2 July 1996 Accepted: 28 October 1996 相似文献
57.
缩窄门静脉主干1/2加丝线慢性栓塞术制备犬门静脉高压症模型 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
目的:探索操作简便且效果满意的门静脉高压症动物模型制备方法.方法:缩窄门静脉主干1/2加丝线慢性栓塞术,通过22条犬进行实验.结果:除1条死亡外.其余21条术后3~4周时门静脉压力升高至2.83±0.66kPa(术前1.33±0.28kPa,P<0.001):胃镜、门静脉造影及病理学检查证实,17条犬有食管胃底曲张静脉形成,形成率80.95%(其中方法完善后制备的14条、形成率100%),12条发生门脉高压性胃病,发生率57.14%.1条观察至术后4月.门静脉高压症表现仍然存在.结论:该法简便易行、建立模型周期短、成功率高且质量可靠并较持久. 相似文献
58.
过度训练的病理生理及康复 Ⅰ.大鼠过度训练模型的建立 总被引:16,自引:1,他引:15
实验表明,运用大鼠跑台运动,以心电图、体重、饮食量、精神状况、毛发脱落、尿蛋白、血清睾酮、皮质醇等为监测指标建立大鼠过度训练模型的方法是可行的。本文并首次模拟出大鼠运动性心律失常心电图。 相似文献
59.
Minzhong Yu Lezheng Wu Dezheng Wu 《Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology》1990,76(1):37-46
The visual pursuit test is a method that collects and analyzes the characteristics of pursuit eye movements and examines the function of the eye movement system. This paper analyzes the model parameters of the smooth pursuit eye movement system in order to explore a method for improving the analysis. The input-output relationship of the smooth pursuit system can be expressed by a quasilinear model. We compute the model parameters (gain, phase, spectral purity, cross covariance) by digital signal processing. Eye movement is recorded by electrooculogram. Both eyes are tested individually. The visual target moves at frequencies of 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 Hz. Ranges are gain, 1.01 to 0.70; phase, -0.1 ° to -66 °; spectral purity, 0.97 to 0.70; and cross covariance, 0.99 to 0.26. We tested 40 normal subjects as well as patients with ataxia (8), vertigo (18), and ophthalmoplegia (9). The oculomotor system of normal subjects functions as a linear system in the performance of this test at 0.2 to 0.8 Hz. The spectral purity dropped to about 0.70 at 1.6 Hz. The variability of all measures increases greatly at 1.6 Hz, which indicates that this target motion exceeds the tracking ability of many normal subjects and that the oculomotor system of normal subjects functions as a nonlinear system in this condition. Statistical tests show no significant differences between sex, age, and the two eyes. The model parameters tentatively proved effective in clinical application. 相似文献
60.
目的研究一种病理进程平稳的急性胰腺炎胰腺外多器官损伤动物模型.方法应用小剂量中等浓度胆盐、胰管内低压注射的方法,动态观察实验大鼠胰腺、肺、肝脏及肾脏的功能和病理改变.结果这种新的急性坏死性胰腺炎大鼠模型具有胰腺外持续、稳定的肝、肾损伤.结论这种急性坏死性胰腺炎大鼠模型适合于多器官功能损伤的病理机制及治疗学研究. 相似文献