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61.
62.
电针改善硬膜外吗啡用于术后镇痛所引起的免疫抑制 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
为观察硬膜外吗啡和电针对术后患者免疫功能的影响,检测自然杀伤细胞(NKcell)活性和PHA诱导白细胞介素2(IL-2)水平在单纯胆囊切除术患者术前和术后第1、3、7天的动态变化情况。结果吗啡组NK活性在术后第1、3、7天抑制,手术组仅在术后第1、3天出现抑制,而抑制率低于同天的吗啡组,电针可拮抗吗啡引起的NK活性抑制加深状况。在术后第1天,手术组和吗啡组IL-2水平均下降,吗啡+电针组无明显变化,术后第7天吗啡+电针组IL-2升高接近正常人水平。表明电针能改善硬膜外吗啡引起的免疫抑制,促进术后机体的恢复。硬膜外吗啡结合电针是值得推荐的术后镇痛方法。 相似文献
63.
64.
煤烟型大气污染对儿童肺功能的影响 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
为观察煤烟型大气污染对儿童健康的影响 ,选择了太原市 3个污染程度不同地区的 45 0名儿童进行肺功能测试和问卷调查。研究结果显示 ,儿童呼吸功能表现为重度污染区 <中度污染区 <相对清洁区 ;肺通气功能阻塞性异常率表现为重度污染区 >中度污染区 >相对清洁区 ;Logistic回归分析发现肺通气功能阻塞性异常率与小学生家庭的取暖方式、厨房和卧室是否分开以及污染物的水平有关 ;多元线性回归分析显示重度污染区儿童的FVC、FEF5 0与相对清洁区相比分别减少了 65 80ml、119 2 7ml,中度污染区儿童的FVC、FEF5 0与相对清洁区相比分别减少了 5 7 2 8ml和 114 2 9ml;Ln(SO2 )每升高一个单位 ,FVC和FEF5 0分别减少69 10ml和 119 79ml,Ln(PM1 0 )每升高一个单位 ,FVC、FEF5 0等分别减少了 193 5 0ml和 171 69ml。结果提示 ,太原市煤烟型大气污染对儿童呼吸系统产生了危害。 相似文献
65.
E. Zuskin J. Mustajbegovic E. N. Schachter D. Pavicic A. Budak 《International archives of occupational and environmental health》1997,70(6):413-418
A follow-up investigation was performed on 49 female workers studied 2 years earlier in a vegetable-pickling plant. Acute
and chronic respiratory symptoms and ventilatory capacity measurements were recorded during the original and the follow-up
studies. Maximal expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curves were recorded during the Monday morning work shift. The forced vital
capacity (FVC), 1-s forced expiratory volume (FEV1), and flow rates at 50% and the last 25% of the FVC (FEF50, FEF25) were
measured. There were small increases in the prevalence of chronic symptoms between the two studies for both smokers and nonsmokers,
but these did not reach statistical significance. Five workers at the time of the initial study had a diagnosis of occupational
asthma; only one of these was still working at the time of follow-up. Workers lost to the follow-up had lower lung function
than those seen at follow-up. In workers who were followed, larger than expected mean annual declines were noted for all ventilatory
capacity parameters in both smokers (FVC 0.070 l, FEV1 0.070 l; FEF50 0.355 l/s, FEF25 0.270 l/s) and nonsmokers (FVC 0.045
l, FEV1 0.045 l, FEF50 0.285 l/s; FEF25 0.130 l/s). The decrease was particularly pronounced for FEF50 and FEF25. The accelerated
decline in ventilatory capacity tests noted in the female nonsmokers suggests an independent effect on lung function of work
exposure in this environment. Our data confirm that work in the pickling industry, particularly in small, poorly regulated
plants, has deleterious effects on respiratory function.
Received: 24 September 1996 / Accepted: 19 June 1997 相似文献
66.
Ch. -W. Wong M.D. 《Acta neurochirurgica》1994,126(2-4):124-127
Summary In order to assess whether the indications for conservative treatment of supratentorial epidural haematomas are applicable also to posterior fossa epidural haematomas (PFEDH), the author reviewed the records of 25 patients. With a PFEDH volume of no more than 10 ml, a thickness of no more than 15 mm, a midline shift of no more than 5 mm, and in the absence of a significant intracranial haematoma elsewhere on computed tomography (CT) scans, the patients undergoing conservative treatment achieved the same excellent outcome as those undergoing early surgery. These CT criteria for conservative treatment of PFEDHs are similar to those of supratentorial epidural haematomas except the volume factor, namely, 10 ml in the former against 30 ml in the latter. That means a PFEDH of 10 ml or larger in the small posterior fossa may produce the same degree of midline shift and compression, and be as dangerous as an epidural haematoma of 30 ml or larger in the more capacious supratentorial compartment. But also for epidural haematomas of the posterior fossa, which initially are smaller than 10 ml, the general rule remains valid that they should be under close clinical supervision 相似文献
67.
Yasuo Aoki Souji Maruo Akira Arakawa Sadao Sasaki Seiki Hori 《Journal of orthopaedic science》1997,2(6):434-441
Changes in the nerve fibers of the spinal cord were studied in rat experimental epidural tumor models. Light microscopy showed
demyelinization in all with rats paraparesis and paraplegia. Cross-sectional views of nerve fibers stained with 3,3dipentyloxacarbo-cyanine
iodide, obtained by confocal laser scanning microscopy, showed distorted, shrunken fibers with a low fluorescence intensity.
Changes in the electrolyte contents of nerve fibers were studied by electron probe X-ray microanalysis. The K concentration
in axons and the myelin sheath was increased in the paraparesis group, but was decreased in the paraplegia group. These findings
suggest that, in the paraparesis group, compression of the spinal cord damaged cell membrane channels, which subsequently
caused an increase in intracellular K, a decline in the action potential, and low-intensity fluorescence of nerve fibers.
On the other hand, in the paraplegia group, destruction of cell membranes caused a decrease in intracellular K until it approached
the extracellular level. This reduced both the action potential and the fluorescence intensity. As Ca and Mg concentrations
in both axons and the myelin sheath increased in relation to the severity of neurologic damage, it appears that these electrolytes
may also play an important role in damage to nerve fibers. 相似文献
68.
Epidural abscess is a well-recognised but rare complication of epidural catheter placement. We have found only five previous reports of epidural abscess from noncatheter-related administration of steroids and/or local anaesthetic. We describe a further case which led to critical illness and emphasise the association between diabetes mellitus and epidural infection. 相似文献
69.
Depth of epidural space in children 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M. A. Hasan MB ChB DA FRCA R. F. Howard BSc MB ChB FRCA A. R. Lloyd-Thomas MB BS FRCA 《Anaesthesia》1994,49(12):1085-1087
70.