Cardiac arrest caused by accidental severe hypothermia and myocardial infarction during general anesthesia

Therapeutic hypothermia is often used for traumatic brain injury because of its neuroprotective effect and decreased secondary brain injury. However, this procedure lacks clinical evidence supporting its efficacy, and adverse outcomes have been reported during general anesthesia. A 61-year-old man with a history of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was admitted with traumatic brain injury. Immediately after admission, he underwent mild therapeutic hypothermia with a target temperature of 33.0°C for neuroprotection. During general anesthesia for emergency surgery because he developed a mass effect, hypothermic cardiac arrest occurred following an additional decrease in the core body temperature. Moreover, myocardial infarction caused by restenosis of the previous PCI lesion also contributed to the cardiac arrest. Although the patient recovered spontaneous circulation after an hour-long cardiopulmonary resuscitation with rewarming, he eventually died of subsequent repetitive cardiac arrests. When anesthetizing patients undergoing therapeutic hypothermia, caution is required to prevent adverse outcomes that can be caused by unintentional severe hypothermia and exacerbation of underlying heart disease.     

Brain activation during the voiding phase of micturition in healthy adults: A meta‐analysis of neuroimaging studies

Several studies have used a variety of neuroimaging techniques to measure brain activity during the voiding phase of micturition. However, there is a lack of consensus on which regions of the brain are activated during voiding. The aim of this meta‐analysis is to identify the brain regions that are consistently activated during voiding in healthy adults across different studies. We searched the literature for neuroimaging studies that reported brain co‐ordinates that were activated during voiding. We excluded studies that reported co‐ordinates only for bladder filling, during pelvic floor contraction only, and studies that focused on abnormal bladder states such as the neurogenic bladder. We used the activation‐likelihood estimation (ALE) approach to create a statistical map of the brain and identify the brain co‐ordinates that were activated across different studies. We identified nine studies that reported brain activation during the task of voiding in 91 healthy subjects. Together, these studies reported 117 foci for ALE analysis. Our ALE map yielded six clusters of activation in the pons, cerebellum, insula, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), thalamus, and the inferior frontal gyrus. Regions of the brain involved in executive control (frontal cortex), interoception (ACC, insula), motor control (cerebellum, thalamus), and brainstem (pons) are involved in micturition. This analysis provides insight into the supraspinal control of voiding in healthy adults and provides a framework to understand dysfunctional voiding. Clin. Anat., 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

设立脑心健康管理师对脑卒中病人实施全程管理的效果评价

目的:探讨脑心健康管理师对脑卒中病人实施全程管理的应用效果。方法:选取入住医院的136例脑卒中病人为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组各68例。对照组给予传统管理,试验组在前者基础上实施脑心健康管理师全程管理。在干预前和干预后5个月,分别采用自行设计的脑卒中病人随访服务记录表、生活质量综合评定量表(GQOL-74)、病人对脑心健康管理工作满意度调查表对病人进行评估。结果:试验组病人服药和日常生活行为依从性高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组病人的满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:脑心健康管理师能明显提高对脑卒中病人实施全程管理的效果。     

Subacute posttraumatic complaints and psychological distress in trauma patients with or without mild traumatic brain injury

ObjectiveTo identify the frequency, nature and profile of complaints for trauma patients with and without mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), and to assess their relation to anxiety and depression.MethodsA prospective cohort study in a level-one trauma centre was conducted. Mild traumatic brain injury patients and trauma controls were approached for participation. Two weeks after injury, The Head Injury Symptom Checklist (HISC) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were administered.ResultsTwo-hundred seventy two patients with mTBI and 125 TC patients completed the questionnaires. Differences were demonstrated between the two trauma populations on frequency and nature of reported complaints. Ordinal common factor analysis on the mTBI scores yielded three factors: mental distress, physical discomfort, and sensory disbalance, which were all significantly correlated to anxiety and depression scores. Discriminant analyses identified a subset of complaints which could allocate almost 80% of patients to the correct group.ConclusionsPatients with mTBI showed a different pattern of complaints than orthopaedic control patients. A mental distress factor consisting of both somatic and cognitive complaints proved to be most discriminating and showed high correlations with anxiety and depression.