Significance of the hepatic mitochondrial redox state in the development of posttraumatic jaundice

The effect of the hepatic energy status on the development of posttraumatic jaundice (PTJ) was studied to clarify the mechanism of PTJ. Fifty-four patients with severe torso injury who were expected to develop PTJ on admission with an average Injury Severity Score of 27 were selected for this study. They were retrospectively divided into three groups according to their maximum bilirubin concentration by day 10: group H, 12 patients with marked elevation of serum bilirubin (>8 g/dl); group L, 23 with mild bilirubinemia (2–8 g/dl); and group N, 19 with no bilirubinemia (<2 g/dl). Group H patients, in whom trauma-related shock was severe and prolonged, developed severe hyperbilirubinemia, and their arterial ketone body ratio (AKBR), which reflects the hepatic mitochondrial redox state and is closely correlated to its energy production, was significantly lower throughout the first week. In contrast, the AKBR increased to an above normal level, indicating enhanced energy production in groups N and L. The serum direct/total bilirubin was also higher in group H. The abnormal hepatic energy metabolism is considered to have reduced the excretion of conjugated bilirubin from the hepatocytes into the bile canaliculi, which is a process that has to proceed against the bilirubin concentration gradient. The subsequent diffusion of the accumulated water-soluble conjugated bilirubin in hepatocytes into the blood is thus considered to be one of the causes of PTJ.     

Arachidonic acid metabolites in CSF in hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy of newborn infants

The aim of this study was to evaluate the cerebral synthesis of eicosanoids in the asphyctic newborn and to investigate the relation between the prostanoid profiles in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the appearance and severity of hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE). Levels of 6-keto-PGF _1-α, TXB₂, PGE₂ and PGF_2-α in CSF were measured in 40 full term newborns during the first day of life. Thirty of these newborns had birth asphyxia and were divided into three groups: 10 without HIE, 12 with mild HIE and 8 with moderate-severe HIE. They were compared to a control group of 10 non-hypoxic newborns. Determinations of the metabolites in CSF were performed by RIA and expressed as pg/ml (mean ± SD). The CSF TXB₂ (thromboxane A₂ metabolite) in asphyxiated newborns was always higher than in the control group (28.12 ± 10.6), and related to the severity of HIE ( p = 0:005): without HIE (50.84 ± 16.4; p = 0:02), mild HIE (80.65 ± 12.64; p ± 0:01) and moderate-severe HIE (178.14 ± 20.5; p < 0:01). The CSF 6-keto-PGF _1-α (prostacyclin metabolite) in asphyxiated newborns was always higher than in the control group (80.55 ± 12.56), but indirectly related to the severity of HIE: without HIE (240.95 ± 28.12; p < 0:01), mild HIE (183.65 ± 30.1; p < 0:01) and moderate-severe HIE (140.55 ± 25.12; p < 0:01). In the moderate-severe HIE group, the increase in TXB₂ was higher than the rise in 6-keto-PGF _1-α.     

关于单结合胆红素水溶性的研究

目的:进一步研究单结合胆红素(MCB)的水难溶特性及其在病理性胆汁中参与胆红素沉淀和色素性结石形成的作用机制.方法:应用胆红素高效液相色谱分析技术,先从人胆汁中获得结合胆红素,再经分离、制备及纯化得到纯MCB.然后观察其水溶解度并与其它型胆红素比较.结果:在pH7.9,温度37℃接近生理的条件下,MCB的溶解度(558.25±5.96μm)仅为双结合胆红素(DCB)的1/7,比不结合胆红素(UCB)高约44倍并随pH值改变而呈曲线变化.pH7.9时最大;pH4.5时为0;而当pH>9时,反而低于呈离于状态的UCB.结论:MCB虽作为结合型胆红素在胆道生理条件下的不溶性明显高于UCB,但比DCB要低得多;而在胆道病理条件下,其水溶性不但远低于DCB,甚至还不如离子化的UCB,这可能是MCB参与胆红素沉淀及胆色素结石形成的理化基础.     

一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的临床预防

目的　探讨临床治疗措施对一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的预防。方法　将 130例一氧化碳中毒患者随机分为A、B、C 3组 ,A组采用纳络酮、低分子肝素、高压氧治疗 ;B组采用胞二磷胆碱、醒脑注射液、高压氧治疗 ;C组采用胞二磷胆碱、醒脑注射液治疗。结果　A组昏迷时间与B、C组对比 ,B组与C组对比 ,明显缩短 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ;本组 130例患者中 ,共发生迟发性脑病15例 ,发生率为 11.5 % ,迟发性脑病发生率A组与B、C组对比 ,B组与C组对比 ,明显降低 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1)。结论　选择有效的药物 ,及早应用高压氧和充足的疗程是迟发性脑病临床预防的关键。     

新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的MRI表现

目的:探讨新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)的MRI表现。材料和方法:对87例临床确诊为HIE的患儿行MRI扫描,并对其MRI表现进行分析。结果:87例HIE患儿中,74例(85.1%)可见皮层、皮层下及深部白质T1WI迂曲条状、点状高信号;69例(79.3%)显示基底节、丘脑T1WI异常高信号及内囊后肢高信号消失;62例(71.3%)出现弥漫性脑水肿;58例(66.7%)可见颅内出血,包括蛛网膜下腔出血、硬膜下出血、脑室内出血及脑实质出血;19例(21.8%)可见侧脑室周围白质软化;7例(8.0%)可见脑梗死。结论:MRI在HIE正确诊断和早期治疗中具有重要临床价值。     

急性胰腺炎恢复期并Wernicke脑病一例

患者男，34岁。大量饮酒后出现剑突下疼痛，伴恶心、发热，体温最高达38．5℃，发病3天入住当地医院治疗，诊断为“急性胰腺炎”。经禁食、胃肠减压、抑制胰酶分泌、抑酸、抗感染治疗，3天后疼痛明显减轻，血淀粉酶恢复正常、尿淀粉酶仍高于正常值。维持原治疗，治疗16天后，自觉上述症状消失后拔除胃管，但化验检查发现尿淀粉酶高（1294u／L），1天后再次留置胃管行胃肠减压，治疗33天后拔除胃管。出现头晕、恶心呕吐，呕吐物为胃内容物，予以“吗丁啉、思密达、多酶片”等药物对症治疗，效差。治疗38天后出现复视、视物不清、耳鸣，为进一步诊治，以“尿淀粉酶升高42天，呃逆1天，复视、乓鸣5天”为主诉入住我院。     

光疗法治疗新生儿高胆红素血症的疗效观察

[背景 ]观察 2种光疗方法治疗新生儿高胆红素血症的疗效 .[病例报告 ]将 6 0例新生儿高胆红素血症患儿随机分为 2个组 ,分别给予每天 12h间断光疗及 2 4h持续光疗 ,观察其疗效 ,结果示 2种疗法的疗效间无显著性差异 .[讨论 ]12h间断光疗方法值得临床推广应用     

鸟氨酸-天门冬氨酸联合乳果糖治疗肝性脑病疗效观察

目的探讨鸟氨酸-天门冬氨酸(雅博司)联合乳果糖治疗肝性脑病的疗效.方法选择56例肝性脑病患者,在综合性治疗的基础上,给鸟氨酸-天门冬氨酸20g/d静脉滴注;乳果糖20ml口服或鼻饲,每日三次.另选36例患者作为对照组,给一般综合性治疗,同时给乙酰谷酰胺1.0g/d静脉滴注,分别治疗20天.结果治疗组病死率明显下降,与对照组相比,有显著性差异(x2=4.02,P＜0.05),在降低血氨及促进脑电图改善方面,两组也存在显著性差异.结论雅博司联合乳果糖治疗慢性重型肝炎合并的肝性脑病,疗效显著,值得研究和应用.     

Selective degeneration of CA1 pyramidal cells by chronic application of bismuth

The heavy metal bismuth induces a new type of selective neuronal degeneration that shares some common aspects with that seen following hypoxia and ischemia. Continuous application of 3 μm bismuth to organotypic cultures of rat hippocampus resulted after 2–3 weeks in selective degeneration of CA1 pyramidal cells, while CA3 pyramidal cells, dentate granule cells, and subicular neurons were resistant. With 10 μm MK-801, a noncompetitive NMDA-antagonist, during the entire culturing period failed to prevent neuronal degeneration induced by 3 μm bismuth. GABA-immunoreactive interneurons were also affected by bismuth, but were generally less sensitive than CA1 pyramidal cells. Acute application of up to 100 μm bismuth did not change the electrophysiological properties of CA1 pyramidal cells. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.