显微外科技术在尿道下裂修复中的应用

采用显微外科技术行阴囊纵膈皮瓣尿道下裂修复术18例，均获成功。其手术要点为：将阴茎腹侧纤维索条切除，充分伸展阴茎，皮瓣保留足够长度与宽度，克保血运；在显微镜下采用7－0尼龙丝线缝合，形成皮管，不缝皮肤，只缝皮下。硅胶管支架引流，加压包扎阴茎。本文对手术成功的原因进行了初步讨论。     

医院感染流行病学监测分析

介绍了我院１９９３年７月１日～１９９３年１２月２０日出院的１０３１例病人医院感染病率的监测分析，半年中感染率为８．４％，妇产科疗区发病率高于外科疗区，感染部位以泌尿道、下呼吸道、手术伤口为最多，侵袭性操作及易感因素引起的感染在感染病例中分别占４０．２％和５９．８％。     

CROHN'S DISEASE: A COLON AND RECTAL DEPARTMENT EXPERIENCE

This study reviewed a series of patients with Crohn's disease managed by surgeons of the Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, since 1978. There were 306 patients: 171 males and 135 females. The mean age at diagnosis was 33.4 years (range 11–93). The distribution of the disease was small bowel 32.3%, small bowel and colon 26.5%, colon 39.9%, and anal disease alone 1.6%. A total of 416 abdominal operations were performed on 204 patients. The commonest indications for surgery were failed medical therapy (21.9%), small bowel obstruction (15.9%), enteric tistula (10.1%), and intra-abdominal abscess (10.1%). The most frequently performed procedures were ileocolic resection with anastomosis (28.8%), small bowel resection (9.4%), and total colectomy and ileostomy (7.0%). Postoperative complications included anastomotic leaks in 4.0%. intra-abdominal abscess formation in 3.6%, and enterocutaneous fistulae developed in 6%. Three patients died during the review period. During follow up (mean 84.4). 30% of patients developed recurrence requiring further surgery at a mean of 72.7 months postoperatively. The most frequent site for a recurrence was the pre-anastomotic terminal ileum (61.7%). In conclusion. the majority of patients with Crohn's disease will require resectional surgery at some stage. This can be performed with a low mortality and morbidity, and a recurrence rate of around 5% per year.     

Effects of surgical treatment in thymoma with myasthenia gravis: our experience in 103 patients.

A retrospective study of 103 thymectomies examines the effects of the integration of surgical and medical therapy in patients affected by myasthenia gravis accompanied by thymoma. An extended thymectomy via a median longitudinal sternotomy was used in 102 patients. The operative mortality was 4.85% (5/103 patients), the 10-year survival rate was 78% with a recurrence rate of 3.06% (3/98). Neoplastic infiltration and postoperative radiotherapy did not influence the survival rate. There was no correlation between a preoperative Osserman's class better than III and postoperative outcome. The improvement of medical treatment, and anaesthesiological and intensive care techniques resulted in a decrease of the operative mortality and long-term death rate during the last 10 years of our 20-year series. Extended thymectomy via sternotomy is the best intervention in patients with myasthenia gravis associated with thymoma judged by the low operative mortality and the favorable 10-year survival rates.     

Cervifix颈椎后路杆固定系统垂直水平悬吊改良单开门椎管成形术

目的:评价Cervifix固定垂直水平悬吊改良单开门椎管成形术的疗效。方法:35例颈椎病患者,男23例,女12例;年龄47~68岁,平均56·4岁;34例为脊髓型颈椎病,1例为颈椎术后翻修;椎管矢状径4·6~9·3mm;椎管矢状面狭窄率达39%~84%,平均49·3%;减压节段C3-C59例,C3-C620例,C4-C76例。常规行后正中入路单开门椎管成形术,在所减压的节段侧块上Cervifix固定,采用Roy-Camille置入侧块螺钉。先用磨钻在所减压节段的棘突根部开预穿孔,开门后穿粗丝线于Cervifix的纵连杆拉紧并打结,行水平方向固定。垂直方向在开门侧的椎板上打预穿孔,用“斜拉桥”原理悬吊于临近未减压的棘突上加固。使椎板保持在开门状态。术后颈围领保护3个月。结果:35例平均随访15个月(7~18个月)。术前JOA评分平均8·0分,术后平均15·7分。术后3个月复查CT及X线片未见螺钉松动和再关门现象。仅有3例诉颈部有僵硬感,局部无疼痛。肌电图及体感诱发电位、感觉运动传导速度基本接近正常。6个月后僵硬感基本消失。结论:Cervifix固定垂直水平悬吊改良单开门椎管成形术操作简单、安全,维持开门效果好。术后患者颈部症状恢复快、效果满意,是治疗多节段颈椎病及颈椎管狭窄症的一种有效可行的方法。     

外科治疗III_A期N_2非小细胞肺癌的预后分析及临床意义

目的探讨影响IIIA期N2非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)预后的因素,并分析经手术治疗不同亚组病人的生存率差异。方法分析1997年1月至2000年1月146例手术治疗的IIIA期N2NSCLC病人的可能影响预后因素:病理类型、肿瘤位置、肿瘤大小、手术方式、临床N2情况,N2转移组数及个数、术后辅助治疗等,并用Kaplan-Meier曲线及Logrank检验生存率差异,Cox单因素、多因素分析各因素对生存率的影响。结果IIIA期N2NSCLC病人的3年和5年生存率分别为19.86%和14.56%。单因素分析示肿瘤位置、临床N2情况、N2转移组数及个数是影响生存率的因素;多因素分析示肿瘤大小、临床N2情况,N2转移组数和肿瘤位置影响预后。右肺下叶肿瘤单组或单个N2转移,预后最好。结论纵隔N2转移淋巴结的大小、个数和组数是影响术后生存率主要因素。手术前未发现N2转移(mN2),有1组N2转移(N2L1),N2转移数少于4个者手术治疗效果好。右肺下叶肿瘤发生单组N2淋巴结转移预后好。     

Ectopic cervico-mediastinal thymoma confirmed by flow cytometric analysis of tumor-derived lymphocytes

Ectopic cervical or cervico-mediastinal thymomas are very rare and most of them are asymptomatic, except for the presence of a cervical mass. We present the case of a 71-year-old man with an ectopic cervico-mediastinal thymoma threatening superior vena cava syndrome. He had a slight headache and presented with venous dilatation on the chest wall. A computed tomographic scan and magnetic resonance, imaging of the chest demonstrated a mass extending from the right neck to the hilum, that indented the trachea and compressed and displaced the brachiocephalic veins anteriorly. Under a right hemicollar incision and median sternotomy, the mass was resected en bloc together with the thymus. The resected specimen was an encapsulated mass measuring 11×7×4 cm. The pathological diagnosis was type AB, non-invasive thymoma, confirmed by 3-color flow, cytometry of tumor-derived lymphocytes. Flow cytometry using biopsy material may contribute to the preoperative diagnosis of ectopic thymoma.     

survivin与nmp22对诊断尿路上皮肿瘤价值的比较

目的 :评价尿脱落细胞中survivin的表达和尿nmp2 2的表达对诊断尿路上皮肿瘤的价值。 方法 :对4 8例尿路上皮肿瘤患者 ,在行膀胱镜检查或手术前留新鲜尿液分别行尿脱落细胞survivin、尿nmp2 2和尿脱落细胞检查 ,并分别比较各方法的敏感性、特异性。结果 :尿路上皮肿瘤患者尿脱落细胞涂片中survivin表达 4 8例中4 6例阳性 ,尿NMP2 2有 38例阳性 ,而尿脱落细胞学仅 15例阳性 ,survivin的敏感性高于nmp2 2及脱落细胞学 (P <0 .0 5及P <0 .0 1)。三者的特异性分别为 10 0 %、90 %和 10 0 % ,差异无统计学意义。结论 :检测尿脱落细胞中survivin的表达方法简单无创敏感性、特异性高对诊断尿路上皮肿瘤的价值优于尿nmp2 2。     

原发性十二指肠肿瘤的诊断与治疗

目的 探讨十二指肠肿瘤的诊断及治疗。方法 回顾我院1984～2005年间收治29例PTD的临床资料进行分析。结果 良性肿瘤8例，恶性肿瘤21例。上腹部疼痛、消化道出血、呕吐、黄疸、消瘦、腹部包块等为本组病人的主要临床表现。术前十二指肠镜检查6例，均发现病灶。胃镜检查18例，9例发现病灶。B超检查20例，12例发现包块。十二指肠气钡双重造影7例，6例确诊。CT检查5例，4例确诊。全组病人均行手术治疗，术后随访6个月～21年。良性肿瘤均存活，恶性肿瘤死亡儿例，2年内死亡10例，5年死亡1例，10例生存，最长1例20年。结论 上腹部疼痛、消化道出血、呕吐是十二指肠肿瘤的最常见症状。十二指肠镜、十二指肠气钡双重造影、胃镜检查是最主要的检查手段；手术切除肿瘤是最基本、最有效的治疗方法。     

肝细胞肝癌外科治疗方法的选择

2008年9月底制定了肝细胞肝癌外科治疗方法的选择,全文如下.