Fas在妊娠过程中表达变化的研究

目的探讨Fas在正常妊娠过程及妊娠期高血压疾病(HDCP)中的表达变化及意义。方法分别选取正常妊娠早期和晚期及HDCP胎盘绒毛组织。采用免疫组织化学方法检测Fas表达,并用高清晰彩色病理图像分析系统对其表达进行分析。结果Fas在妊娠早期胎盘组织中极少表达,妊娠晚期胎盘组织中表达增高。HDCP胎盘组织中Fas表达明显升高,与前两组比较差异有极显著性(P<0.01)。结论孕早期滋养细胞表面Fas表达在母胎免疫耐受中发挥重要作用,孕晚期Fas表达增加可能是引起HDCP的原因之一。     

An Animal Model for the Study of the Function of Pregnancy-Specific Beta1 Glycoprotein and Pregnancy Zone Protein: A Review*

ABSTRACT: Two pregnancy-associated murine proteins, PAMP-1 and PAMP-2, have been found to be immunologically cross-reacting analogues to the human proteins pregnancy zone protein (PZP) and pregnancy-specific beta₁-glycoprotien (SP-1), respectively. In this study, the physiochemical and biological properties of the proteins are compared and the effect on pregnancy of administration of monospecific antibodies against the proteins is reported.     

妊娠高血压患者血浆中降钙素基因相关肽的测定及其临床意义

本文测定了３０例正常育龄妇女，２８例正常妊娠以及３６例妊娠征患者血浆中降钙素基因相关肽的水平，结果发现，轻度妊高生与正常妊娠相比，血浆中ＣＧＲＰＫ是有下降但不显著（Ｐ〉０．０５）。中重度妊高征与正常妊娠相比，差异有非常显著性，因此推测，妊娠状态下血浆中降钙素基因相关肽的减少可能是妊娠高血压症产生的重要原因之一。     

妊娠糖尿病对母婴影响的分析

目的探讨妊娠糖尿病（GDM）对母婴影响。方法观察妊娠糖尿病患者36例及健康孕妇36例,分析其妊娠结局。结果GDM组妊娠期高血压疾病、早产、巨大儿及剖宫产发生率分别为41.7%、27.7%、25%及58.3%,明显高于对照组16.7%、8.3%、5.5%及27.7%,差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。结论GDM是危害孕产妇和围产儿的妊娠并发症,早期诊断GDM及控制血糖是减少母婴并发症的关键。     

米非司酮终止中期妊娠时胎盘循环与超微结构的变化

观察３０例妊娠１６～２４周需终止妊娠者服用米非司酮前后子宫动脉和脐动脉血流速度波型的变化，并用电镜观察了５例胎盘微血管的改变。结果：服用米非司酮后，子宫动脉阻力指数（ＲＩ）和Ｓ／Ｄ比值及脐动脉的Ｓ／Ｄ比值较用药前明显增高，胎盘微血管壁有损伤性表现。提示：子宫胎盘循环动力学的变化及胎盘微血管的损伤可能是米非司酮终止妊娠的重要环节。     

妊高征患者淋巴细胞β_2－肾上腺素能受体结合量改变及与新生儿体重关系的研究

应用放射配体结合分析，测定４０例正常晚期妊娠妇女及４０例妊高征妇女外周血淋巴细胞β_２－肾上腺素能受体（β_２－ＡＲ）结合量，并测定两组妇女分娩的新生儿体重。结果为：１．正常晚期妊娠妇女外周淋巴细胞β_２－ＡＲ结合量明显降低，妊高征妇女β_２－ＡＲ结合量降低更显著；２．妊高征孕妇组的新生儿出生体重明显低于正常妊娠组的新生儿体重；３．孕妇β_２－ＡＲ结合量与新生儿出生体重呈明显正相关，提示好高征与机体β_２－ＡＲ结合量下降有关，β_２－ＡＲ改变影响胎儿生长发育。     

Learning in escape/avoidance tasks in female rats does not vary with reproductive condition

To determine whether the development of novel stimulus-response associations by the mother during the periparturient period is attributable to a general facilitation of learning produced by the hormonal milieu during that period, learning ability under various reproductive conditions was assessed in two tasks unrelated to the periparturitional situation. The two tasks, selected because they equalized the various groups for motivation and performance variables, were acquisition of a water-maze escape (including two reversals), and acquisition and retention of an unsignalled shuttlebox shock avoidance. The groups tested in the water maze were a midpregnant group, an immediately prepartum group, and an immediately postpartum group. In the shuttlebox, the same conditions (different rats) were compared, together with a nonpregnant estrus condition, and a nonpregnant diestrus condition. The results of both experiments indicate that although learning occurred, the characteristics of acquisition and retention were not influenced by reproductive condition.     

妊娠前不同体重指数与围产结局的关系研究

目的研究妊娠前不同体重指数对围产结局的影响。方法回顾性分析2005~2007年在我院分娩的单胎妇女238例,按妊娠前体重指数(BMI)分为BMI在19.8~23.9的正常BMI组、BMI 24~27的高BMI组和BMI≥27的肥胖组。新生儿体重≥4000g为巨大儿。比较正常BMI组、高BMI组和肥胖组的围产结局。结果全部资料共有238例,其中正常BMI组182例,高BMI组117例,肥胖组56例,巨大儿的发生率分别为10.4%、19.6%、28.6%,妊娠期高血压病、妊娠期糖尿病、羊水过多的风险随妊娠前BMI增加而上升,早产、剖宫产、新生儿病率的发生率亦随妊娠前BMI增加而升高,差异有显著性。结论妊娠前异常的母亲体重指数高度影响巨大儿的发生率;随妊娠前BMI增加不良围产结局的风险增加。     

Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among women at reproductive age at a German university hospital

BACKGROUND: Mother to infant transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) represents a major factor in maintaining chronic infection and depends on the degree of maternal infectivity status. OBJECTIVES: To examine the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) in women at reproductive age admitted to the Department of Gynaecology at a German university hospital. STUDY DESIGN: The seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in 5518 women at reproductive age was examined, HBsAg-positive samples were tested for additional HBV markers to verify the infection status. RESULTS: Out of 5518 samples from women at reproductive age, 88 women (1.59%) were positive for HBsAg and 7 of these HBV-positive women (7.95%) were additionally positive for HBeAg. The majority of the study population were German citizens, however most HBV infected persons originated from countries with a high HBV prevalence. The HBV seroprevalence in our study group is about two times higher compared to the average seroprevalence in the German citizen adult population, thus probably resulting in an underestimation of the infection rate in a multinational setting. CONCLUSIONS: Screening for HBsAg during pregnancy is still necessary and important for reduction of perinatal HBV transmission even in countries with low HBV prevalence.