Time Dependent Release of Interleukin-8 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Platelet Concentrate

Contaminating white blood cells in stored platelet concentrate (PC) are the source of many pro-inflammatory cytokines. These are implicated in transfusion reactions. To study the release of interleukin (IL)-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) at different time interval in PC prepared by-platelet rich plasma (PRP) and buffy coat (BC) using different principles. Fifteen PCs were prepared by both the methods. The supernatants of PCs prepared by PRP and BC methods were collected aseptically after 1, 18, 65 and 112 h of preparation. pH, platelet and WBC counts were done. The supernatants were frozen in aliquots at −56 °C for measurement of IL-8 and TNF-α concentration using ELISA. The Mean ± SD value of WBC in PRP-PC was 7.4 ± 3.75 × 10⁷ and in BC-PC 3.9 ± 2.2 × 10⁷. The mean platelet counts were 6.05 ± 1.94 × 10¹⁰ and 6.54 ± 2.18 × 10¹⁰ respectively. The highest level of IL-8 in one hour was up to 30 pg/ml in both the type of PC. It increased up to 986 pg/ml in PRP-PC and 481 pg/ml in BC-PC at 112 h. IL-8 increased significantly during storage period of 5 days in both types of PCs (P0.000 and P0.01). TNF-α level remained low up to 18 h. The highest level was 72 pg/ml in PRP-PC and 57 pg/ml in BC-PC at 65 h. IL-8 levels significantly increased after one hour of storage and TNF-α. levels were low up to 18 h and then showed increase. The BC-PC had significantly low levels of IL-8 compared to PRP-PC (P0.0001).     

BILT肝病治疗仪对肝硬化患者血小板参数与凝血的影响

目的探讨肝硬化患者采用BILT肝病治疗仪治疗对血小板参数与凝血的影响。方法本次共选择80例肝硬化患者,分组就常规对症支持(对照组)与加用BILT肝病治疗仪(观察组)治疗。对凝血机制和预后的影响进行比较。结果观察组临床情况优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论肝硬化患者采用BILT肝病治疗仪治疗,可显著减轻临床症状,具较高安全性,值得广泛推广应用。     

Pneumatic tube transport affects platelet function measured by multiplate electrode aggregometry

Multiple electrode aggregometry (MEA) is used to measure platelet function. Pneumatic tube transport systems (PTS) for delivery of patient samples to a central laboratory are often used to reduce turnaround time for vital analyses. We evaluated the effects of PTS transport on platelet function as measured by MEA.     

血小板的波动性增高与肺癌进展的关系

目的探讨血小板增高及波动规律与肺癌进展的关系和临床意义。方法收集本院2007年4月-2010年10月住院治疗的肺癌患者92例，对其临床资料进行回顾分析，比较肺癌患者血小板、CA125、CEA阳性水平与病理类型、临床分期及转移各组之间的差异，进行统计学分析。结果PLT在临床分期组、淋巴结转移组、远处转移组中均明显升高。血小板有波动性和波动周期，在肺肿瘤进展时，PLT呈现波动上行。结论血小板波动性增高与肺癌进展有关，PLT可以为肺癌的临床诊断与治疗提供参考。     

Prevalence and Characterization of Thrombocytopenia in Pregnancy in Indian Women

To find the prevalence and causes of thrombocytopenia during pregnancy. An analytical prospective observational study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, CSMMU, Lucknow. 1079 antenatal women screened for thrombocytopenia and investigated for cause and management strategies and fetomaternal outcome were recorded. Prevalence of thrombocytopenia was 8.8%. Gestational thrombocytopenia was seen in 64.2%, obstetric in 22.1% and medical in 13.68% cases. Mean platelet count in controls was lower with a significant fall (P < 0.001) in the platelet count as pregnancy advanced. Hypertensive and hepatic disorders were the most common obstetric causes of thrombocytopenia. Mode of delivery was not affected by thrombocytopenia. Maternal morbidity and mortality was seen only in medical and obstetric thrombocytopenia. The low platelet counts and declining trend with increasing gestational age predispose Indian women to risk of thrombocytopenia and a routine platelet count is suggested.     

Antithrombotic Strategy in the Three First Months following Bioprosthetic Heart Valve Implantation

Heart valve prosthesis unquestionably improve quality of life and survival of patients with severe valvular heart disease, but the need for antithrombotic therapy to prevent thromboembolic complications is a major challenge to clinicians and their patients. Of the articles analyzed, most were retrospective series of cases or historical cohorts obtained from the database. The few published randomized trials showed no statistical power to assess the primary outcome of death or thromboembolic event. In this article, we decided to perform a systematic literature review, in an attempt to answer the following question: what is the best antithrombotic strategy in the first three months after bioprosthetic heart valve implantation (mitral and aortic)?After two reviewers applying the extraction criteria, we found 1968 references, selecting 31 references (excluding papers truncated, which combined bioprosthesis with mechanical prosthesis, or without follow-up).Based on this literature review, there was a low level of evidence for any antithrombotic therapeutic strategy evaluated. It´s therefore interesting to use aspirin 75 to 100 mg / day as antithrombotic strategy after bioprosthesis replacement in the aortic position, regardless of etiology, for patients without other risk factors such as atrial fibrillation or previous thromboembolic event. In the mitral position, the risk of embolism, although low, is more relevant than in the aortic position, according to published series and retrospective cohorts comprised mostly of elderly non-rheumatic patients.The current evidence is limited to have a consistent and safe level of evidence regarding the best therapeutic strategy. Based on these studies, 75 to 100 mg/day of aspirin is interesting as antithrombotic strategy after implantation of aortic bioprosthesis, regardless of etiology, for patients with no other risk factors such as atrial fibrillation or previous thromboembolic event. As for mitral bioprosthesis, the risk of embolism, although low, is more relevant than in the aortic position, according to published series and retrospective cohorts - usually elderly non rheumatic patients.