健康成人可接受牛奶摄入量实验研究

目的找出严重乳糖不耐受者最低可接受牛奶摄入量,观察此摄入量在健康成人中的耐受情况。方法采用氢呼气试验从38名受试者中筛选出8名有水样状腹泻的乳糖不耐受者,分成低、高剂量组参加饮奶试验。两组症状评分之和大致相等,据文献报道及单因素优选法(黄金分割法)确定两组对象分别饮用25g和38.2g奶粉(分别含6.25g和9.55g乳糖)和水冲调成的200ml牛奶,分析受试者氢呼气浓度变化值、症状评分、粪便乳糖含量(醋酸铅法)。采用随机整群抽样方法选取健康的100名青年、80名中年、100名老年人,观察摄入25g奶粉后出现的耐受症状。结果两组受试者在饮奶试验中无一例腹泻发生,仅有不同程度的轻微症状;高剂量组(B组)对象饮奶后,其氢呼气浓度、症状评分、粪便乳糖均高于低剂量组(A组)。健康成人饮用25g奶粉冲调的牛奶后,80.3%的对象未产生任何乳糖不耐受症状。结论结果表明健康成人即使为乳糖不耐受者也能饮用适量牛奶,大多数健康成人摄入25g奶粉(含乳糖6.25g)后不会出现任何乳糖不耐受症状,建议20g奶粉(含乳糖5g,配成160ml牛奶)作为我国成年人的最低可接受牛奶摄入量。     

北京地区食物特异性IgG抗体检测分析的研究

目的:对北京地区疑似食物不耐受患者血清中的食物特异性IgG抗体水平进行检测分析,为患者剔除饮食中引起疾病的食物提供依据。方法:采用数据回顾性分析对2015年10月至2019年12月期间在北京积水潭医院就诊的疑似慢性食物不耐受患者2 368例（均为北京常驻人口）,其中男性859例,女性1 509例;年龄范围2个月至90岁...     

小剂量红霉素对早产儿喂养不耐受的防治效果观察

目的了解小剂量红霉素对早产儿喂养不耐受的防治效果。方法选择2005年1月～2007年1月期间于我院生产的早产儿140例为研究对象,随机分为干预组和对照组。两组均予以常规治疗,干预组在常规治疗基础上予以小剂量红霉素。结果(1)干预组喂养不耐受发生率为20.83%(15/72),对照组发生率为73.53%(50/68)。两组喂养不耐受发生率经X2检验,p<0.05。(2)对照组发生的50例喂养不耐受患儿予以小剂量红霉素治疗,治疗总有效率为76.00%。结论采用小剂量红霉素对预防和治疗早产儿喂养不耐受均具有积极的作用。     

难治性溃疡性结肠炎患者术前食物不耐受情况及相关因素分析

目的：综合分析难治性溃疡性结肠炎患者食物不耐受情况,为指定个体化饮食方案提供依据。方法采用美国BIO-MERICA公司生产的食物过敏原检测试剂盒,用酶联免疫方法（ELISA）检测血清中以14种食物为过敏原产生的特异性免疫球蛋白G（IgG）抗体水平,对获得资料进行综合分析。结果42例难治性溃疡性结肠炎患者食物不耐受阳性率为78.57％（33／42）,排在前三位的不耐受食物依次为：牛奶／羊奶（35.71％）,蛋清／蛋黄（28.57％）,蟹（23.81％）。结论难治性溃疡性结肠炎患者食物不耐受发生率较高,且与性别、年龄、营养等多种因素有关,在为患者制定饮食方案时应个体化综合考虑。     

益生菌对低体重早产儿喂养不耐受和生长发育的影响

目的:探讨益生菌制剂对早产儿喂养不耐受和生长发育的影响.方法:将70例2.5kg以下的早产低体重儿随机分成治疗组和对照组,每组35例.两组患儿均给予常规治疗,治疗组生后24 h内口服益生菌制剂(培菲康),记录两组肠道营养达418.4 kJ/(kg·d)时间,恢复出生体重时间,出生满28 d时两组患儿头围、体质量、胃肠不...     

Cold Induced Vasospasm in Replanted Digits: A Comparison Between Different Methods of Arterial Reconstruction

Nineteen patients each of whom had had a single digit replanted were examined after replantation. The arterial reconstruction had been done with long grafts (n = 10) or short grafts or no graft (n = 9). The effect of local or whole body cooling on the replanted and uninjured opposite digits was monitored (9–46 months after the replantation), and the patients were given a questionnaire (9–95 months after replantation) designed to explore the development of their coid related symptoms in relation to time. All patients were troubled by cold intolerance, and improvement occurred in only 60% of the cases. Pathological (vasospastic) arterial reactions to cold measured as finger systolic pressure, were less common after replantation with long grafts. Perceived cold intolerance was significantly more pronounced in the group of patients (60%) who had evidence of cold induced arterial spasm in the replanted finger.     

Kinetics of lactose fermentation in milk with kombucha starter

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of new, non-conventional starter culture on the kinetics of the lactose transformation during milk fermentation by kombucha, at pH 5.8; 5.4; 5.1; 4.8; and 4.6, at two different temperatures 37 °C and 42 °C. Milk fermentation at 42 °C lasted significantly shorter (about 5 h, 30 min) compared to the fermentation at 37 °C. Changes of lactose concentration at the both temperatures are consisting of two retaining stages and very steep decline in–between. The analysis of the rate curves showed that the reaction rate passes through the maximum after 9 h, 30 min at 37 °C and after 4 h at 42 °C. The sigmoidal saturation curve indicates a complex kinetics of lactose fermentation by kombucha starter.     

Evolocumab and lipoprotein apheresis combination therapy may have synergic effects to reduce low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: A case report

A 49 years old woman (weight 68 kg, BMI 27.3 kg/m²) with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) and multiple statin intolerance with muscle aches and creatine kinase elevation, presented at the Outpatient Lipid Clinic of Verona University Hospital in May 2015. Hypercholesterolemia was firstly diagnosed during adolescence, followed in adulthood by a diagnosis of Cogan's syndrome, a rheumatologic disorder characterized by corneal and inner ear inflammation. No xanthomas, corneal arcus, or vascular bruits were detectable at physical examination. Screening for macrovascular complications did not reveal relevant damages. Ongoing medical therapy included salicylic acid, methylprednisolone, methotrexate, and protonic‐pump inhibitor. In the absence of specific lipid‐lowering therapy, plasma lipid levels at first visit were: total‐cholesterol = 522 mg/dL, LDL‐cholesterol = 434 mg/dL, HDL‐cholesterol = 84 mg/dL, triglycerides = 120 mg/dL, Lp(a) = 13 mg/dL. On December 2015, evolocumab 140 mg sc every 2 weeks was initiated. After a 24‐week treatment, the LDL‐cholesterol levels decreased by an average of 21.2% to 342 ± 22 mg/dL (mean ± SD). On May 2016, LDL‐apheresis (H.E.L.P.system) was started as add‐on therapy. Compared to the average levels obtained during the evolocumab monotherapy period, the LDL‐cholesterol was reduced by 49.4%, thus reaching an inter‐apheresis level (mean ± SD) of 173 ± 37 mg/dL. This report suggests that a combination therapy with evolocumab and lipoprotein‐apheresis may have synergic effects on circulating lipid levels. Its relevance as a highly effective treatment option for hyperlipidemia in HeFH patients warrants further investigation in larger datasets.     

The oral refeeding trilemma of acute pancreatitis: what,when and who?

Tolerance of oral refeeding is an essential goal of nutritional management of acute pancreatitis. However, oral feeding intolerance remains one of the most common complications in patients with this disease. It often results in longer periods of hospitalization, increased treatment costs, increased risk of readmission, and reduced quality of life. The traditional practice involves keeping patients nil by mouth followed by gradual stepwise reintroduction of food. However, it does not have a solid evidence base and, hence, there is increasing interest in determining alternative strategies that may be beneficial in reducing the occurrence of oral feeding intolerance. This review focuses on the randomized controlled trials that investigated the key questions informing the nutritional management of acute pancreatitis: when to feed, what to feed and who is in charge of the decision-making.