Factors Affecting Morbidity and Mortality in Patients Who Underwent Emergency Operation for Incarcerated Abdominal Wall Hernia

Patients with incarcerated abdominal wall hernias (AWHs) are often encountered in emergency care units. Despite advances in anesthesia, antisepsis, antibiotic therapy, and fluid therapy, the morbidity and mortality rates for these patients remain high. Between 2006 and 2011, we retrospectively analyzed the cases of 131 patients who underwent emergency surgery for incarcerated abdominal wall hernias. Of these, there were 70 women (53.4%) and 61 men (46.6%) with an average age of 63.3 ± 17.4 years (range, 17–91 years). Morbidity was observed in 28 patients (21.4%), and the mortality rate was 2.3%. Intestinal resection, presence of concomitant disease, and general anesthesia were the independent variants that affected morbidity of patients with incarcerated abdominal wall hernias.     

应用解剖型补片行开放TEP腹股沟疝修补术效果研究

目的 通过应用解剖型补片行开放TEP腹股沟疝修补术与应用双层补片行无张力疝修补法进行比较,探讨解剖型补片行开放TEP手术的临床效果.方法 回顾性分析我院2010年1月至2011年9月收治的腹股沟斜疝患者109例,随机分为实验组(开放TEP组)和对照组(双层补片组).分析二组患者的手术时间、术后发生疼痛、神经感觉异常、阴囊肿胀、尿潴留、复发等情况以及恢复正常活动的时间等指标.结果 实验组的各项指标均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 应用解剖型补片的开放TEP手术具有手术操作简单、操作时间短、创口小、损伤小的优点,更符合人体生理解剖特点,尤其在双侧腹股沟疝修补手术的应用中更具有优势,值得临床推广.     

股骨头缺血坏死合并股骨颈疝窝的CT诊断

目的:分析股骨头缺血坏死(avascular necrosis of the femoral head,ANFH)合并股骨颈疝窝的CT表现,提高诊断和鉴别诊断水平.方法:回顾性分析15例有典型影像学表现的ANFH合并股骨颈疝窝CT表现.结果:15例中9例为双侧ANFH,6例为单侧ANFH,共累及24侧股骨头；2例股骨颈疝窝为双侧,余13例为单侧.股骨颈疝窝病灶均位于股骨头颈交界区前外侧皮层下,呈圆形、卵圆形或轻度分叶,病灶最大径均小于1cm,病灶中心呈低密度,周围均有明显环状硬化.ANFH病灶均大于3cm,病灶均累及股骨头前部外上方承重区,与正常区相比病灶中心呈等密度15侧、低密度7侧、高密度2饲,18侧ANFH病灶周围呈单纯线状高密度硬化带分隔病灶与正常区,余6侧于高密度硬化带内侧伴行线状低密度影.结论:ANFH和股骨颈疝窝均有特定的发生部位和CT表现,可依据病灶位置、大小、形态和密度对两者鉴别及诊断ANFH合并股骨颈疝窝.     

Laparoscopic Hernia Repair-The Best Option ?

For 100 years the Bassini-type repair for inguinal hernia was the standard method.

The Lichtenstein “tension free” mesh repair replaced it on the grounds of much lower recurrence rates, < 5% vs 15%. However, open procedures all have significant long-term discomfort rates of up to 53%. Laparoscopic repair has become a genuine option in the last 15 years and offers low recurrence (< 1%) and minimal long-term discomfort. However, it has not been widely taken up. There is a common misconception that it takes longer to perform, has more complications and is much more expensive. None of these caveats stand up under objective scrutiny. It is time that laparoscopic repair became the method of choice for most elective inguinal hernia repairs.     

腹腔镜双荷包加缝脐内侧襞内环口高位结扎术治疗小儿腹股沟巨大疝

目的：探讨腹腔镜双荷包加缝脐内侧襞内环口高位结扎治疗小儿腹股沟巨大疝的效果及临床价值。方法选择本院2010年4月至2013年8月收治的167例小儿腹股沟巨大疝患儿作为观察对象;其中2010年4月至2012年1月收治的72例实施腹腔镜下内环口双重结扎术（为 A 组）;2012年2月至2013年8月收治的95例实施腹腔镜双荷包加缝脐内侧襞内环口高位结扎术（为 B 组）;比较两组患儿术后并发症及随访复发情况。结果两组均顺利完成手术,在术后伤口出血、切口感染、线结反应等方面比较,差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）;经术后1～3年随访,A 组有 5例复发,B 组无一例复发,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。结论腹腔镜双荷包加缝脐内侧襞内环口高位结扎治疗小儿腹股沟巨大疝可减少术后复发,提高治愈率。     

非手术脊柱减压系统对腰椎间盘突出症患者腰椎旁肌表面肌电信号的影响

目的 探讨非手术脊柱减压系统（SDS）对腰椎间盘突出症（LDH）患者腰椎旁肌表面肌电信号的影响。 方法 选取12例磁共振检查诊断为L4-5椎间盘突出症的患者,依入院顺序按随机数字表法分为SDS组和对照组,每组6例,分别行单次SDS治疗和腰椎牵引治疗。分别于治疗前、治疗中和治疗后,采用表面肌电记录2组患者椎旁肌的平均肌电（AEMG）值并进行统计学分析比较。 结果 治疗前,SDS组患者右竖脊肌、左竖脊肌、右多裂肌和左多裂肌的AEMG值分别为（2.222±0.194）μV、（1.802±0.138）μV、（1.893±0.196）μV和（1.925±0.152）μV,对照组的AEMG值依次为（7.128±1.476）μV、（7.559±2.119）μV、（6.375±1.728）μV和（5.163±1.011）μV,组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗过程中,SDS组右竖脊肌、右多裂肌的AEMG值分别为（2.343±0.286）μV和（1.792±0.165）μV,对照组依次为（8.779±1.680）μV和（11.921±5.490）μV,组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。治疗后,SDS组右竖脊肌和右多裂肌的AEMG值分别为（2.242±0.276）μV和（1.840±0.142）μV,对照组依次为（9.168±2.266）μV和（9.091±3.413）μV,组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。 结论 与单次腰椎牵引相比,单次SDS治疗能明显降低患者腰椎旁肌的紧张度,减轻肌肉疲劳。     

无张力疝修补术后慢性疼痛的原因及防治

目的：探讨腹股沟疝无张力修补术后慢性疼痛的原因及防治。方法：选取131例腹股沟疝患者行无张力疝修补术,分析其术后疼痛原因及防治方法。结果：随访时间3～12个月,术后出现3个月以上局部慢性疼痛不能缓解并需进一步治疗的患者8例,发生率为6.1%。结论：开放性无张力疝修补术中熟练的手术操作、部分可吸收材料的应用、材料使用个体化等可以减少术后慢性疼痛的发生,提高患者术后的生活质量。     

A Simplified Formula Using Early Blood Gas Analysis Can Predict Survival Outcomes and the Requirements for Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

The aims of this study were to investigate whether early arterial blood gas analysis (ABGA) could define the severity of disease in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). We conducted a retrospective study over a 21-yr period of infants diagnosed with CDH. Outcomes were defined as death before discharge, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation requirements (ECMO) or death. A total 114 infants were included in this study. We investigated whether simplified prediction formula [PO₂-PCO₂] values at 0, 4, 8, and 12 hr after birth were associated with mortality, and ECMO or death. The area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the optimum ABGA values for predicting outcomes. The value of [PO₂-PCO₂] at birth was the best predictor of mortality (AUC 0.803, P < 0.001) and at 4 hr after birth was the most reliable predictor of ECMO or death (AUC 0.777, P < 0.001). The value of [PO₂-PCO₂] from ABGA early period after birth can reliably predict outcomes in infants with CDH.     

Female Gender and Diabetes Mellitus Increase the Risk of Recurrence after Laparoscopic Incisional Hernia Repair

Background

Laparoscopic hernia repair is used widely for the repair of incisional hernias. Few case studies have focussed on purely ‘incisional’ hernias. This multicentre series represents a collaborative effort and employed statistical analyses to provide insight into the factors predisposing to recurrence of incisional hernia after laparoscopic repair. A specific hypothesis (ie, laterality of hernias as well as proximity to the xyphoid process and pubic symphysis predisposes to recurrence) was also tested.

Methods

This was a retrospective study of all laparoscopic incisional hernias undertaken in six centres from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2010. It comprised a comprehensive review of case notes and a follow-up using a structured telephone questionnaire. Patient demographics, previous medical/surgical history, surgical procedure, postoperative recovery, and perceived effect on quality of life were recorded. Repairs undertaken for primary ventral hernias were excluded. A logistic regression analysis was then fitted with recurrence as the primary outcome.

Results

A total of 186 cases (91 females) were identified. Median follow-up was 42 months. Telephone interviews were answered by 115/186 (62%) of subjects. Logistic regression analyses suggested that only female sex (odds ratio (OR) 3.53; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.39–8.97) and diabetes mellitus (3.54; 1–12.56) significantly increased the risk of recurrence. Position of the defect had no statistical effect.

Conclusions

These data suggest an increased risk of recurrence after laparoscopic incisional hernia repair in females and subjects with diabetes mellitus. These data will help inform surgeons and patients when considering laparoscopic management of incisional hernias. We recommend a centrally hosted, prospectively maintained national/international database to carry out additional research.     

快速开颅技术在外伤性颅内血肿合并脑疝抢救治疗中的效果

目的分析快速开颅技术在外伤性颅内血肿合并脑疝抢救治疗中的临床价值。方法随机选取2012-10—2013-10我院诊治的外伤性颅内血肿合并脑疝患者72例,按照完全抽样法1︰1分成2组,对照组患者行常规血肿清除术,研究组患者行快速开颅血肿清除术,比较2组治疗后近期疗效、血生化指标与生存质量情况。结果研究组患者骨窗完成时间(12.87±5.24)min,较对照组的(27.94±3.78)min短,随访良好率52.78%,对照组30.56%,研究组病死率11.11%,对照组33.33%,2组比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.01);研究组患者手术后的颅内压、手术第14天与第28天S-100B水平与NDS评分均显著低于对照组(P0.01),研究组手术第7、14与28天NSE水平均较对照组低(P0.05)。结论外伤性颅内出血合并脑疝患者开颅清除术前行快速减压法,可缩短完成骨窗时间,减轻神经功能缺损严重程度,改善术后生存质量。