Granular Cell Tumor on Larynx

Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are uncommon neoplasm. They can originate in any part of the body. The most common sites of origin are in the head and neck, while the larynx is a relatively uncommon location. Patients affected with a laryngeal GCT typically present with persistent hoarseness, stridor, hemoptysis, dysphagia, and otalgia but, the tumor may be asymptomatic. Care must be taken to differentiate this lesion from others due to the presence of pseudo-epitheliomatous hyperplasia which overlies the GCT and may occasionally mimic squamous cell carcinoma. Therefore, a confirmative diagnosis should be made histopathologically and should be supported by immunohistochemical staining. These tumors are treated by complete surgical resection. Examining the complete removal of the tumor through securing a negative free margin is considered to be a consequential procedure. We experienced a 64-yr-old man with a laryngeal granular cell tumor involving the right true vocal cord. He was treated by surgical resection under a fine dissection laryngomicroscope. Here we present this case and a review of literature.     

急性肺损伤患者血浆颗粒膜蛋白—140改变的临床意义

目的 :观察急性肺损伤 (ALI)患者血浆颗粒膜蛋白 140 (GMP 140 )及相关指标的改变 ,并探讨其临床意义。方法 :对 32例ALI患者进行多时间点检测血浆中GMP 140、循环内皮细胞(CEC)、内皮素 1(ET 1)和血管紧张素转换酶 (ACE)含量 ,并设健康对照组。结果 :肺损伤后 1h内 ,血中GMP 140、CEC、ET 1和ACE均显著升高并持续 8h ,血浆GMP 140早期升高 ,幅度较大 ,1h内 5 0 .5 6± 8.79μg/L ,较对照组16 .32± 4.5 1μg/L高 (>3倍 ) ,伤后 2h达高峰 (5 4.38± 9.94μg/L) ,各时间点与对照组比较 ,P均 <0 .0 1;并与其他指标有较好的相关性。结论 :血浆GMP 140可作为ALI患者的病情监测和评估的有用指标。     

Childhood granular cell tumors: two case reports

Granular cell tumors (GCT), also known as Abrikossoff tumors, are rare tumors found largely in children, with few reports of laryngo-tracheal involvement. Two childhood cases of laryngo-tracheal GCT are reported here, of which one case had multifocal lesions. The histopathological features and the therapeutic management of GCT are also discussed.     

Progressive orbital granular cell tumour associated with medial rectus

Granular cell tumour is a rare soft tissue tumour that can occur in any part of the body, but seldom in ocular adnexa. It usually behaves in a benign fashion. We report a case of a 54-year-old man with a well-demarcated, solitary, slow-growing orbital tumour which lead to significant ocular symptoms. The case was a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to its location and difficulty in obtaining tissue for a histological diagnosis. Surgical biopsy attempts were made but they all failed to uncover the true identity of the lesion. A definitive diagnosis was revealed with complete surgical excision of the tumour, which was challenging due to its size and close association with rectus muscle. This case has highlighted that orbital granular cell tumour may result in significant ocular symptoms. Adequate exposure to the anatomical site is the key to obtaining diagnosis and complete excision of a lesion.     

Granular cell tumour of the appendix in a patient irradiated for a rectal carcinoma

Summary We report on a 47-year-old man with a granular cell tumour of the appendix, discovered incidentally during surgery for a rectal adenocarcinoma that had been irradiated preoperatively. A detailed immunocytochemical analysis revealed positivity for S-100 and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). Electron microscopically, the cytoplasm of the tumour cells contained numerous pleomorphic lysosomes. In the appendix tissue adjacent to the tumour a neuroma and the histological features of radiation injury were present. Our findings suggest that this granular cell tumour may have originated from a pre-existing appendix neuroma which underwent granular degeneration, possibly as a result of radiation.     

自体颗粒脂肪移植乳房隆起术

目的　评估采用自体颗粒脂肪移植进行乳房隆起手术的临床效果。　方法　在浸润麻醉下,应用低负压和精细小吸管从臀、大腿等部位获得颗粒脂肪,于患侧乳房下襞正中部或腋前线乳房外上象限外进针,移植至乳房后隙。　结果　23 例患者术后随访5 ～24 个月,效果显著18 例,有效5 例。　结论　自体脂肪组织是符合人体生理的软组织充填物,自体颗粒脂肪移植隆乳手术简便、创伤小、出血少、并发症少,不存在排异反应、包膜挛缩等许多硅胶假体置入隆乳术的缺点     

Immunohistochemical localization of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) in the submandibular gland of mice under normal conditions and when stimulated by isoproterenol or carbachol

ObjectiveWe wished to investigate the subcellular localization of CB1, a receptor for the endocannabinoids in mouse submandibular glands (SMGs) under normal conditions and when stimulated by adrenergic or cholinergic agonists.Materials and methodsSMGs of both male and female adult mice were utilized for immunoblotting and immuno-light and –electron microscopic analyses. Isoproterenol and carbachol were used as adrenergic and cholinergic stimulants, respectively. SMGs were examined at 15, 30, 60 and 120 min after intraperitoneal injection of these agents.ResultsSelective localization of intense immunoreactivity for CB1 in the granular convoluted ductal cells was confirmed by immunoblotting and the antigen absorption test. In SMGs of control male mice, CB1-immunoreactivity was evident on the basolateral plasma membranes, including the basal infoldings, but was absent on the apical membranes in the ductal cells. Localization and intensity of CB1-immunoreactivity were essentially the same in SMGs of female mice. The immunoreactivity was transiently localized in the apical plasmalemma of some acinar and granular ductal cells of male SMGs shortly after stimulation by isoproterenol, but not by carbachol.ConclusionThe present finding suggests that CB1 functions primarily in the basolateral membranes of the granular convoluted ductal cells of SMGs under normal conditions, and that the CB1 can function additionally in the apical membrane of acinar and granular ductal cells for modulation of the saliva secretory condition via adrenoceptors.     

β1/β2肾上腺素能受体基因缺失对肾脏球旁器颗粒细胞肾素分泌的影响

目的观察β肾上腺素能受体对肾脏球旁器颗粒（JG）细胞肾素分泌的调节作用。方法密度梯度离心原代分离野生型和131／132肾上腺素受体基因敲除小鼠肾小球球旁器（JGA）颗粒细胞（JGC）。实时PCR明确JG细胞上存在β1/β2肾上腺素能受体基因表达。激光共聚焦显微镜下动态观察喹林和LysoTracker-Red染色条件下异丙肾上腺素促使JG活细胞分泌肾素的动态过程。尾静脉取血，用放射免疫方法测定清醒状态野生型和β1/β2肾上腺素能受体基因敲除小鼠基础肾素水平。不同浓度前列腺素E2（PGE2）、异丙肾上腺素和福斯高林刺激野生型和β1/β2肾上腺素能受体基因缺失小鼠JG细胞，放免法测定细胞内和上清中肾素活性。实时PCR测定肾皮质及JG细胞中肾素mRNA水平，以及不同浓度福斯高林对JG细胞内cAMP浓度的影响。结果成功分离的JG细胞上存在13肾上腺素能受体基因表达。激光共聚焦显微镜能观察到异丙肾上腺素明显刺激JG细胞分泌包含肾素的酸性颗粒。β1/β2肾上腺素能受体基因敲除小鼠血浆基础肾素降低，与肾脏皮质肾素mRNA降低平行。原代培养的β1/β2肾上腺素能受体基因敲除小鼠的JG细胞，肾素产生和分泌都明显降低，肾素mRNA也降低。PGE2、异丙肾上腺素和福斯高林呈剂量依赖性增加野生型小鼠JG细胞肾素转录、合成和分泌。β1/β2肾上腺素能受体基因敲除小鼠JG细胞对13肾上腺素能受体激动剂没有反应，而大剂量福斯高林能刺激其肾素分泌。福斯高林呈剂量依赖性上调JG细胞内cAMP水平。结论JG细胞上存在的肾上腺素能β受体，通过上调JG细胞内cAMP，促使JG细胞合成和分泌肾素。     

Rare case of granular cell tumor of perianal region: a case report and literature review

Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are rare submucosal neoplasms, with tumors in the oral mucosa accounting for about a third of all cases. In contrast, GCT is a rare anal neoplasm, with fewer than 30 cases of perianal GCT reported in the literature. We report the case of a 36-year-old woman with a perianal lump with no obvious local lesion as the main clinical complaint. The tumor was completely resected and histologically confirmed as a GCT. The patient remained under continuous follow-up. GCT is difficult for surgeons and pathologists to diagnose, and biopsy and immunohistochemical analysis are prerequisites for an accurate diagnosis. An integrated understanding of GCT in terms of its differential diagnosis will contribute to better identification and more appropriate treatment of this disease.