念珠菌性阴道炎治疗观察

目的探讨念珠性阴道炎不同治疗方法的临床效果。方法把门诊就诊的念珠性阴道炎病人100例,随机分为对照组与观察组,对照组单纯局部用克霉唑栓剂,观察组用碘伏冲洗阴道联合局部用克霉唑栓剂,用药后观察2组的临床效果。结果观察组的效果显著好于对照组,具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论碘伏冲洗阴道联合局部用克霉唑栓剂效果好于单纯局部用克霉唑栓剂。     

克霉唑阴道片治疗念珠菌阴道炎120例

目的:探讨克霉唑阴道片治疗念珠菌阴道炎的疗效.方法:用克霉唑阴道片治疗念珠菌阴道炎120例,分为初发组80例及复发组40例,初发者给药1次,复发者连用2次,2次用药间隔1周.结果:克霉唑阴道片治疗念珠菌阴道炎总有效率97.2%.症状完全缓解时间短,平均3 d.结论:克霉唑阴道片用药方法简单,无局部刺激症状,初发者单剂量应用基本无复发,值得临床推广应用.     

氟康唑联合克霉唑治疗念珠菌性阴道炎的临床疗效

目的：探讨氟康唑联合克霉唑治疗念珠菌性阴道炎的临床疗效。方法：将我院诊治的66例念珠菌性阴道炎患者随机分为观察组（33例）和对照组（33例）,观察组给予氟康唑联合克霉唑治疗,对照组仅给予氟康唑治疗,比较2组患者的临床疗效。结果：观察组患者的有效率显著高于对照组,2组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：氟康唑联合克霉唑治疗念珠菌性阴道炎的疗效显著,优于单独给药,值得临床推广。     

Clotrimazole and econazole inhibit Streptococcus mutans biofilm and virulence in vitro

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the inhibitory effect of eight antifungal drugs on S. mutans growth, biofilm formation and virulence factors.MethodsThe actions of antifungal drugs on S. mutans were determined by recovery plates and survival kinetic curves. Biofilms were observed by scanning electron microscopy and the viable cells were recovered on BHI plates, meanwhile biofilms were stained by BacLight live/dead kit to investigate the biofilm viability. Bacteria/extracellular polysaccharides staining assays were performed to determine the EPS production of S. mutans biofilms. Acidogenicity and acidurity of S. mutans were determined using pH drop and acid tolerance assays, and the expression of ldh gene was evaluated using qPCR.ResultsWe found that clotrimazole (CTR) and econazole (ECO) showed antibacterial activities on S. mutans UA159 and S. mutans clinical isolates at 12.5 and 25 mg/L, respectively. CTR and ECO could also inhibit S. mutans biofilm formation and reduce the viability of preformed biofilm. CTR and ECO affected the live/dead ratio and the EPS/bacteria ratio of S. mutans biofilms. CTR and ECO also inhibited the pH drop, lactate acid production, and acid tolerance. The abilities of CTR and ECO to inhibit S. mutans ldh expression were also confirmed.ConclusionsWe found that two antifungal azoles, CTR and ECO, had the abilities to inhibit the growth and biofilm formation of S. mutans and more importantly, they could also inhibit the virulence factors of S. mutans.     

伊曲康唑加克霉唑软膏治疗复发性念珠菌性包皮龟头炎临床疗效观察

目的评价口服伊曲康唑治疗复发性念珠菌性包皮龟头炎的疗效与安全性。方法 45例患者口服伊曲康唑胶囊（商品名：斯皮仁诺）200mg,每日1次,克霉唑软膏涂于患处每晚1次,连续治疗7d,停药10d后,再巩固治疗7d。结果治疗完成后1周痊愈42例,显效2例,无效1例,痊愈率为93.3%,有效率为96.7%;治疗后2个月复查结果显示痊愈率为88.9%,有效率为93.3%;治疗结束后6个月复查结果显示痊愈率为88.9%,有效率为91.1%。结论口服伊曲康唑配合外用克霉唑软膏治疗复发性念珠菌性包皮龟头炎疗效满意,副作用小。     

外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的两种治疗方法疗效观察

目的观察克霉唑阴道片联合克霉唑软膏治疗外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病(Vulvovaginal candidiasis)的效果。方法将外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病患者480例随机分为两组,治疗组用克霉唑阴道片联合克霉唑软膏,对照组单用克霉唑阴道片,比较其疗效。结果治疗组与对照组总有效率无统计学差异(P>0.05),但治疗组的复发率明显低于对照组,且能明显改善白带增多、外阴阴道瘙痒等症状(P<0.05)。结论霉唑阴道片联合克霉唑软膏对外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的复发有明显的降低效果。     

Effect of topical application of clotrimazole to rats on epidermal and hepatic monooxygenase activities and cytochrome P-450

Summary Clotrimazole, an N-substituted imidazole, is a widely used topical agent for the treatment of superficial fungal infections. In this study, the effect of application of clotrimazole to the skin of neonatal rats on the induction response of the cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase system in epidermis and liver has been examined. A single topical application of clotrimazole (10 mg/100 g) to rats resulted in a 53% increase in hepatic cytochrome P-450 content. Clotrimazole treatment also resulted in significant induction of epidermal 7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase activity. Hepatic p-nitrophenol hydroxylase, an enzyme, catalyzed principally by the ethanol inducible cytochrome P-450 isozyme, was also significantly induced (58%) by topically applied clotrimazole. This enzyme activity was undetectable in epidermal microsomes. Further characterization of the cytochrome P-450 isozymes induced in liver by clotrimazole treatment was based on monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) raised against purified rat liver cytochrome P-450 isozymes induced by phenobarbital (MAb 2-66-3) and ethanol (MAb 1-98-1). Hepatic microsomes prepared from clotrimazole-treated rats showed significant immunoreactivity on Western blot with both the MAbs whereas no reactivity occurred in epidermal microsomes. Our data indicate that topical application of clotrimazole to rats results in the induction of selected cytochrome P-450 isozyme(s) in liver and epidermis which may have implications for the therapeutic use of this compound.This study was supported in part by USPHS Grant ES-1900 and by research funds from the Veterans Administration     

三联法治疗霉菌性食管炎

目的观察三联法对霉菌性食管炎的疗效。方法本组450例均经电子胃镜检查、病理证实,并依霉菌对食管粘膜损害程度将其分为重度、中度、轻度,分别予三联法口服(洛赛克+盐酸黄连素+西沙必利)250例,单服克霉唑100例,食用生大蒜100例。各组治疗均依每10d为1疗程,若无毒副反应可连用2疗程,并经内镜、病理复检无再显示霉菌者为治愈。结果三联法治愈率为98%、克霉唑为53%、食用大蒜为54%。对比结果显示三联法显著优于其他两组(P<0.01),而克霉唑与食用大蒜组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论应用三联法治疗霉菌性食管炎疗效可靠,治愈率高,疗程短且无毒副反应。     

褐藻胶浆在皮肤外用制剂中的应用：Ⅱ克霉唑胶浆乳的研制及临床应用

以天然海藻高分子原料褐藻胶作胶浆材料，将脂溶性的药物－克霉唑制成亲水性的胶浆乳，获得了稳定的制剂和满意的治疗效果。     

克霉唑阴道片联合应用氟康唑治疗复发性霉菌性阴道炎的疗效观察

目的：观察克霉唑阴道片与氟康唑联合应用治疗复发性霉菌性阴道炎的治疗效果。方法选择明确诊断为霉菌性阴道炎的患者100例作为研究对象,随机均分成观察组和对照组（n=50）。给予对照组单剂量的克霉唑阴道片治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上联合应用氟康唑治疗。比较2组的治疗效果。结果经治疗后,对照组治疗总有效率为80%,对照组为96%,2组比较差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论克霉唑阴道片联合氟康唑治疗霉菌性阴道炎疗效显著,安全性好,不良反应和并发症较少,是目前治疗复发性霉菌性阴道炎的首选方法。