再次液氮冷冻保存对猪主动脉瓣膜细胞活性及组织结构的影响

目的了解再次冷冻保存对主动脉瓣膜细胞活性及组织结构的影响,探讨液氮冷冻保存的主动脉瓣解冻后再次冷冻保存使用的可行性.方法将猪主动脉瓣叶在抗菌处理后按随机数字表法分成三组,每组6个瓣叶,组Ⅰ作对照,组Ⅱ、组Ⅲ控制降温速率降至-80℃后在液氮中保存,1个月后融化解冻.组Ⅲ解冻并在室温下放置15分钟后更换保存液,再次降温至-80℃后放入液氮中保存,2个月后再融化解冻.采用XTT比色法测定各组瓣膜细胞活性,用免疫荧光组织化学染色、光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜行组织学检测.结果组Ⅱ冷冻保存后瓣膜细胞活性下降到组Ⅰ的63.97%,组织结构一定程度受损;组Ⅲ瓣膜细胞活性下降至组Ⅰ的38.60%,组织结构损害也进一步加重.结论液氮冷冻保存的猪主动脉瓣一经解冻融化,不宜再次冷冻保存使用.     

细胞移植治疗心肌梗死的研究与展望

细胞移植是治疗心肌梗死的一种新策略,本文对目前应用于临床研究的骨骼肌卫星细胞移植及骨髓干细胞移植治疗心肌梗死的进展进行综述。上述两种细胞移植均具有来源丰富、无排斥反应的特点,而且通过研究观察表明,上述两种细胞移植后,心脏功能均能得到改善,故具有美好发展前景。但二者亦均具有不足之处和需要解决的问题,还需进一步研究与探索。     

卵巢肿瘤细胞DNA及RNA含量的定量分析及其临床意义

本资料对９３例不同性质的卵巢肿瘤细胞ＤＮＡ及ＲＮＡ含量进行了定量研究，其中５０例良性、４３例恶性。并对患者进行１～５年的随访。结果是卵巢良性肿瘤的异倍率（假阳性）为４４％，恶性肿瘤异倍率为８６．０％。以“标准ＤＩ”及“标准ＲＩ”为指标判断卵巢肿瘤性质的准确率较以“异倍性”为高，且双指标同时应用高于任一单指标：对卵巢良恶性肿瘤的诊断准确率分别为９０％和９５．３％。提出“标准ＤＩ”和“标准ＲＩ”是判断卵巢肿瘤性质的理想指标。且ＤＮＡ及ＲＮＡ含量与卵巢癌预后有密切关系。     

急性低氧对家兔微血管及心电图的影响

目的　观察不同程度急性低氧对家兔微血管和心电图的影响。方法　实验采用两组家兔分别人工吸入 12 .5 %(Ⅰ组 )和 8.5 %氦氧混合气体 (Ⅱ组 ) ,模拟 40 0 0m和 65 0 0m高原急性低氧。急性低氧时间分别为 5min、10min、15min、2 0min ,于急性低氧前后观察微血管和QTc与JTc间期变化。结果　两组血流速度减慢 ,微血管口径变大。Ⅰ组QTc和JTc间期有延长 ;Ⅱ组QTc间期有延长 ,而JTc间期有缩短或不变。结论　急性低氧可使微血管血流速度减慢 ,口径变大 ,心肌去、复极化发生改变     

异搏定区域动脉灌注在阻止急性胰腺炎重症化治疗中的作用

目的探讨钙拮抗剂异搏定区域动脉灌注在阻止急性胰腺炎重症化治疗中的作用。方法45例轻型急性胰腺炎患者被随机分为3组常规治疗组、静脉治疗组及动脉灌注组。入院后,常规治疗组采取常规保守治疗;静脉治疗组行合理液体治疗,静脉注射异搏定;动脉灌注组液体补充同时采用持续动脉灌注异搏定1~2周。测定治疗后1、4及7d血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)、黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)及P-选择素(P-selectin)水平。结果治疗后4、7d,血清TNF-α和P-selectin水平动脉灌注组较静脉治疗组及常规治疗组明显降低(P<0.05);血清IL-1β水平动脉灌注组和静脉治疗组均较常规治疗组明显降低(P<0.05);血清ICAM-1水平动脉灌注组明显低于常规治疗组(P<0.05)。结论持续区域动脉灌注异搏定可能通过减少细胞因子的产生,抑制黏附分子P-selectin和ICAM-1的上调,阻止急性胰腺炎重症化发展。     

Control of feeding during saline consumption and fluid deprivation in hamsters

Cellular dehydration induced by water deprivation or hypertonic saline injection reduces feeding in a variety of species. Normal feeding in rats is maintained during isotonic saline consumption by increasing the intake of saline compared to the usual intake of water. Hamsters do not show the spontaneous preference for isotonic saline noted in rats, even after adrenalectomy. In the present investigation, feeding by hamsters was depressed during both isotonic and hypertonic saline consumption compared to the usual feeding with water. Saline intakes did not exceed water intakes under similar conditions. When fluid intakes were elevated by prior fluid deprivation, feeding rates increased at all concentrations of saline after a delay proportional to the osmolality of the solution. Positive 24-hr sodium balances were always associated with saline consumption. Water and hypertonic saline injections reduced feeding, and the fluid loads were excreted very slowly. When hamsters were fluid deprived prior to injections, saline totally suppressed feeding, while water increased feeding compared to sham injected controls. It is concluded that cellular dehydration produces a reduction of feeding in hamsters drinking isotonic or hypertonic saline. Reduced feeding with isotonic saline consumption results from the failure of hamsters to increase their ad lib intake of that solution. The prolonged retention of both sodium and fluid after saline consumption or injection suggests that further saline intake may be inhibited by an expansion of the extracellular space.     

乙型肝炎表面抗原对BALB/c小鼠细胞免疫应答的影响

目的研究不同来源乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)对BALB/c小鼠的某些细胞免疫应答的影响.方法采用血源、CHO和酵母HBsAg分别免疫BALB/c小鼠,于免疫后不同时间制备脾脏单个核细胞(MNC),测定MNC对刀豆蛋白(ConA)和细菌脂多糖(LPS)的增殖反应性;采用绵羊红细胞(SRBC)作为致敏原,测定不同HBsAg免疫小鼠后迟发性超敏反应(DTH)的发生程度.结果不同来源HBsAg对ConA或LPS刺激的反应指数(SI)表现出不同的时间曲线,一般于免疫20?d和25?d时显著升高,其中血源HBsAg较高,酵母较低.H.M.-HBsAg在免疫5?d时即显出较高的SI值.CHO-HBsAg对SRBC诱导的DTH反应具有显著的抑制作用(P＜0.05).结论不同来源HBsAg诱导细胞免疫反应的类型和程度存在差异,CHO细胞来源的HBsAg对TH1细胞介导的DTH反应有抑制作用.     

乳酸菌Z222产胞外多糖(EPSⅠ)对免疫细胞功能的影响

目的　检测乳酸菌Z2 2 2 产胞外多糖EPSⅠ对体外免疫细胞功能的调节作用。方法　不同浓度的EPSⅠ作用于小鼠的腹腔巨噬细胞和脾细胞 ,分别用中性红染色法检测巨噬细胞的吞噬能力 ,用MTT法检测淋巴细胞在体外的转化能力、NK细胞杀伤肿瘤细胞Yac 1的能力和产细胞因子IL 2的活性。结果　 (1)EPSⅠ单独作用小鼠脾细胞就能促进体外淋巴细胞增殖 ,且表现出剂量依赖关系。EPSⅠ亦可促进ConA诱导的体外小鼠淋巴细胞转化。 (2 )EPSⅠ体外作用于小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞均可提高MΦ的吞噬能力 ,与对照组比较差异都有显著性。 (3)与对照组相比EPSⅠ能增加体外NK细胞的活性 ,杀伤率最大值达 6 2 .4 1%± 2 .5 4 %。 (4 )EPSⅠ使小鼠脾细胞产IL 2的能力与对照组比较 ,差异有显著性。结论　乳酸菌多糖EPSⅠ对小鼠的免疫功能有一定的调节作用。     

Glomerular expression of cell-cycle-regulatory proteins in human crescentic glomerulonephritis

To elucidate the mechanism underlying crescentic formation, we assessed the phenotypic characterization and cell-cycle protein expression in human crescentic glomerulonephritis (CRGN). Kidney tissue specimens taken from CRGN patients (10 patients with pauci-immune type rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN), 2 patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis, and 1 patient with IgA nephropathy) were examined immunohistochemically. Most of the cellular components of the crescents expressed cytokeratin, whereas few cells expressed PHM-5. CD68-positive cells were minor components of cellular crescents, indicating that the major principal cellular component of the crescents is made up of cells with the parietal glomerular epithelial cell (PEC) phenotype. Additionally, serial section analysis revealed that Ki-67-positive cells in the crescents were frequently cyclin-A positive and Bcl-2 positive, but seldom cyclin-B₁ positive. Moreover, the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27^Kip1 was low in the cellular crescents, despite being exclusively positive in podocytes within the same section. We concluded that the major component of the cellular crescents is made up of PECs and that apparent expression of cyclins and Bcl-2 and restrained expression of p27^Kip1 may be synergistically associated with the development of cellular crescents in human CRGN.     

Diminished neo-antigen response to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) vaccines in patients after treatment with chemotherapy or hematopoietic cell transplantation

Relapse is the most common cause of treatment failure for advanced cancer, even those treated with autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Effective tumor-specific immunotherapy may decrease relapse, however, this will fail if the immune system is unable to respond. We developed a strategy to test immune responses with a single injection of the bona fide neo-antigen KLH. The model was first tested in 37 normal volunteers using three KLH vaccines: Intracel KLH, Biosyn KLH, and Biosyn KLH + adjuvant. Despite finding the immunogenic epitope conserved in both products, intact Intracel KLH induced a better response compared to a purified 350/390 kDA subunit of KLH contained in the Biosyn KLH product. Addition of a synthetic oil adjuvant (Montanide ISA51) restored the response to a single injection of Biosyn KLH. A quantitative readout measured by a KLH-specific cellular and humoral response with isotype switching 1 month after KLH vaccination was established. To test the integrity of the adaptive immune response in cancer patients, we vaccinated 14 patients post-HCT and 19 patients with advanced cancer with KLH vaccines that elicited a 100% response rate in normal volunteers. In marked contrast to normal subjects, both responses were significantly impaired up to 16 months after autologous HCT with an intermediate response in advanced cancer patients. KLH vaccines are safe and require only a single injection to test neo-antigen responses providing an optimal platform for definitive testing of strategies to improve diminished immune recovery after chemotherapy or post-HCT.