CT-based total vessel plaque analyses improves prediction of hemodynamic significance lesions as assessed by fractional flow reserve in patients with stable angina pectoris

BackgroundCoronary stenosis and plaque evaluation by coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) may contribute to identify hemodynamically relevant lesions. We evaluated the most stenotic lesion including plaques proximal to it versus a total vessel analyses combined with stenosis for ischemia.MethodsPatients scheduled for clinically indicated invasive coronary angiography (ICA) for suspected coronary artery disease underwent coronary CTA and ICA including fractional flow reserve (FFR) as part of the NXT trial (clinicaltrials.gov NCT01757678). Stenoses were visually graded ≤50%, 51–70%, and >70% on coronary CTA. Semi-automated plaque analyses were performed using a proximal to the FFR pressure sensor location (including the most severe lesion to the coronary ostium) versus a total vessel (vessel diameter ≥2 mm) approach. Coronary stenosis and plaque parameters were evaluated for discrimination of ischemia by logistic regressions and combined models analyzed using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) with invasive FFR≤ 0.80 as reference standard.ResultsIn 254 patients, mean (±SD) age 64 (±10) years, 64% male, a coronary CTA stenosis >50% was present in 239 (49%) vessels. Invasive FFR was ≤0.80 in 100 (21%) vessels. Coronary stenosis severity and low-density non-calcified plaque (LD-NCP) volume were independent predictors of ischemia in the “proximal” and “total-vessel” analyses. Stenosis severity + total vessel LD-NCP assessment performed better than stenosis severity + proximal LD-NCP evaluation (Area under curve [AUC] (95%CI): 0.83 (0.78–0.87) vs 0.81 (0.76–0.86), p-value = 0.009), whereas stenosis severity + proximal LD-NCP performed better than stenosis alone (AUC (95%CI): 0.81 (0.76–0.86) vs 0.78 (0.73–0.83), p-value = 0.019).ConclusionAdding total vessel high-risk plaque volume to stenosis severity improves discrimination of ischemia in coronary CTA performed in patients with stable angina pectoris.     

The slow component of oxygen uptake during intense, sub-maximal exercise in man is associated with additional fibre recruitment

Single muscle fibre metabolites and pulmonary oxygen uptake (O₂) were measured during moderate and intense, sub-maximal exercise to test the hypothesis that additional fibre recruitment is associated with the slow component of O₂. Seven healthy, male subjects performed 20 min moderate (MOD, ~50% of O_2,max) and intense (INT, ~80% O_2,max) cycling at 70 rpm. Glycogen content decreased significantly in type I and IIa fibres during INT, but only in type I fibres during MOD. During INT, creatine phosphate (CP) content decreased significantly both in types I and II fibres in the first 3 min (CP: 16.0±2.7 and 16.8±4.7 mmol kg^–1 d.w., respectively) and in the next 3 min (CP: 16.2±4.9 and 25.7±6.7 mmol kg^–1 d.w., respectively) with no further change from 6–20 min. CP content was below the pre-exercise level (mean–1 SD) in 11, 37, 70 and 74% of the type I fibres after 0, 3, 6 and 20 min of INT, respectively, and in 13, 45, 83 and 74% of the type II fibres. During INT, O₂ increased significantly by 6±1 and 4±1% in the periods 3–6 and 6–20 min, respectively (O_2,(6–3min): 0.14±0.02 l min^–1), whereas O₂ was unchanged from 3 to 20 min of MOD. Exponential fitting revealed a slow component of O₂ during INT that appeared after ~2.6 min and amounted to 0.24 l min^–1. The present study demonstrates that additional type I and II fibres are recruited with time during intense sub-maximal exercise in temporal association with a significant slow component of O₂.     

微小隐孢子虫CP23基因真核表达载体的构建及表达

为了构建微小隐孢子虫子孢子表面蛋白CP2 3基因真核表达载体pCR3 1 2 3,观察其在Hela细胞中的表达。本研究用EcoRⅠ从pMD18 T 2 3中酶切得到CP2 3基因片段 ,将其插入真核表达载体pCR3 1(+)的EcoRⅠ位点 ,构建CP2 3基因真核表达载体pCR3 1 2 3,脂质体介导法将其转染Hela细胞 ,并用G4 18加压筛选 ,用RT PCR方法检测外源CP2 3基因的转录、ELISA法和间接免疫荧光法检测其活性。酶切鉴定表明已成功构建了重组真核表达载体pCR3 1 2 3;外源CP2 3基因能在转染细胞中有效转录 ;ELISA法和间接免疫荧光法实验结果表明表达产物具有良好的生物活性     

Orthotic correction of lower limb function during gait does not immediately influence spinal kinematics in spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy

Background and purposeFoot equinus and leg length discrepancy (LLD) are common problems in hemiplegic cerebral palsy (hCP), both causing secondary deviations of pelvic motion during gait. It can therefore be assumed that the spinal deviations observed in hCP patients are secondary as a compensation for the position of the pelvis arising from the disturbed leg function. This study investigated the effects of correcting lower extremity function by orthotics on spinal gait kinematics in hCP patients.MethodsTen adolescent hCP patients and 15 healthy controls were included. Using a validated and previously used enhanced marker set, sagittal and frontal plane spinal curvature angles as well as general trunk and lower extremity kinematics were measured while walking barefoot as well as with an orthotic correction (only hCP patients) using a 12-camera motion capture system.ResultsThe hCP patients in both the barefoot and orthotic conditions indicated clinically relevant greater lumbar lordosis angles (d ≥ 0.96, p ≤ 0.071), smaller thoracic kyphosis angles (d ≥ 0.84, p ≤ 0.142) and differences in frontal plane lumbar curvature angles (d ≥ 1.00, p ≤ 0.105) compared to controls. However, these angles were not influenced by the successful restoration of a normal heel-to-toe gait pattern and the correction of any LLD using lower extremity orthotics.ConclusionsSpinal gait deviations in adolescents with mild hCP seemed not to result secondarily from foot equinus or LLD, but probably from structural deformities such as hip flexor contractures. Future research should address long-term effects of an AFO treatment as well as the relationship between spinal kinematics and severity of disease.     

New gut associated lymphoid tissue “cryptopatches” breed murine intestinal intraepithelial T cell precursors

Numerous mouse intraepithelial T cells (IEL) bearing either TCR-αΒ or TCR-γδ have been shown to develop somewhere in the intestinal mucosa without passing through the thymus. However, just where these T cells develop has been much less clear and has remained an open question to date. In an effort to investigate this issue, we carried out immunohistochemical study on the murine gastrointestinal tract and identified numerous tiny lymphoid tissues (~1,650 tissues/intestine) in the cryptal region of the small and large intestinal mucosa except for the stomach in which clusters of c-kit⁺ IL-7R⁺ Thy1⁺ lympho-hemopoietic progenitors accumulated (cryptopatches). The cryptopatch cells isolated from the small intestine, which were c-kit positive (c-kit⁺) but lineage marker negative (Lin), gave rise to TCR-αΒ and TCR-γδ IELs following in vivo transfer or tissue engraftment into 2 Gy-irradiated severe combined immunodeficient mice. In contrast, cells isolated from Peyer’s patches and mesenteric lymph nodes, which belong in the same intestinal immune compartment but lack c-kit⁺Lin^- cells, failed to do so. These results in conjunction with the findings of electron microscopic analysis provide direct evidence of a local intestinal T cell precursor that develops in the cryptopatches.     

益母草的遗传学研究

目的 观察中药益母草的遗传毒性和抗诱变作用。方法 应用小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验（ＭＮＴ）。结果 各剂量（１．０、２．０、４．０、８．０ｇ／ｋｇ）益母草所致的微核率与正常对照组比较无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）;益母草１．０ｇ／ｋｇ剂量对环磷酰胺（ＣＰ）所致的微核率无抑制作用（Ｐ〉０．０５）,但２．０、４．０、８．０ｇ／ｋｇ各剂量组对ＣＰ所致的微核率均有抑制作用（Ｐ〈０．０５）。其中８．０ｇ／ｋｇ     

继发于突发性聋的BPPV与原发性BPPV的疗效和转归比较

目的 回顾性分析继发于突发性聋的良性阵发性位置性眩晕(BPPV)与原发性BPPV的临床特点,比较两者疗效和转归,并分析可能的原因。方法 观察2019年12月—2021年12月就诊的突发性聋继发BPPV患者74例,与同期就诊的原发性BPPV患者112例进行比较。观察、比较突聋继发BPPV患者与原发性BPPV患者的临床分型、疗效、治疗后眩晕障碍量表(DHI)评分、治疗前血同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)数值的差异。结果 原发组中单管管石症80.4%(90/112),高于继发组33.8%(25/74),两者比较差异具有统计学意义(χ²=40.953,P<0.01);原发组1次治愈率86.6%(97/112),高于继发组50.0%(37/74),两者比较差异具有统计学意义(χ²=29.467,P<0.01);继发组1次治愈后眼震慢相速度CP值>20%为67.6%(25/37),高于原发组25.8%(25/97),两者比较差异具有统计学意义(χ²=20.002,P<0.01)。继发组治疗后DHI评分≤30分为31.1...     

胆胰康对慢性胰腺炎大鼠血清超氧化物歧化酶活性、羟脯氨酸含量及胰腺病理的影响

目的:通过观察中药胆胰康(DYK)对慢性胰腺炎(CP)大鼠血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、羟脯氨酸(HYP)含量的影响及胰腺病理改变,进而探讨该方药治疗CP的机理。方法:从70只SD大鼠(雌雄各半)中随机抽取20只(雌雄各半)作为正常组大鼠,其余50只大鼠采取腹腔注射L-精氨酸(L-Arg)的方法制造慢性胰腺炎动物模型。3周后抽取正常大鼠10只(雌雄各半)、模型大鼠10只(雌雄各半),分别检测血清SOD活性及HYP含量,镜下观察胰腺组织改变。验证造模成功后,将剩余的40只模型大鼠随机分为4组:模型组(b)、小柴胡汤丸组(c)、胆胰康低剂量组(d)、胆胰康高剂量组(e)。剩余的10只正常大鼠作为空白组(a)。从第4周起给药治疗,治疗4周后,处死全部大鼠,提取血清检测SOD活性及HYP含量,观察胰腺组织病理改变。进行实验数据统计。结果:b血清SOD活性明显低于a(P0.01),HYP含量高于a(P0.01),c、d、e血清SOD活性均明显高于b(P0.01),HYP含量明显低于b(P0.05)。所有治疗组胰腺组织均有不同程度病理改变。结论:采取腹腔注射L-Arg的方法能够成功地复制大鼠CP模型,DYK能够有效地提高CP大鼠血清SOD活性,降低其血清HYP含量,能够有效地对抗CP形成过程中的胰腺组织损伤,从而对CP具有显著的防治作用。     

虫草多糖对皮肤成纤维细胞抗氧化能力的影响

目的: 探讨虫草多糖(Cordyceps Polysaccharides,CP)对小鼠皮肤成纤维细胞抗氧化能力的影响。 方法: 用8-甲氧补骨脂素联合紫外线(8-MOP/UVA)制备皮肤成纤维细胞氧化模型,通过检测细胞内丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶GSH-Px含量反映细胞内自由基含量及清除能力,并测定线粒体跨膜电位的破坏情况判断细胞线粒体功能。 结果: 模型组细胞的自由基含量较对照组增多,自由基清除酶系统活力下降,虫草多糖保护组的自由基含量较模型组低,自由基清除能力也有所改善;线粒体跨膜电位的破坏程度也有所改善。 结论: 虫草多糖能增加皮肤成纤维细胞的抗氧化能力。