原发性肝癌患者乙型及丙型肝炎病毒感染的检测

目的　调查原发性肝癌患者乙型及丙型肝炎病毒感染情况。　方法　采用免疫组织化学 SP法检测15 7例原发性肝癌患者乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV)及丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV)感染情况 ,每例患者均有血清学检测资料 ,另取 30例良性肝病组织作对照 ,所有数据用卡方检验。　结果　 15 7例原发性肝癌患者中 HBV感染阳性率为31.8% (5 0 / 15 7) ,HCV感染阳性率为 5 1.0 % (80 / 15 7) ,其中 10 7例原发性肝细胞癌 HBV、HCV感染阳性率分别为39.3% (42 / 10 7) ,4 5 .8% (49/ 10 7) ,5 0例胆管细胞癌 HBV、 HCV感染阳性率分别为 16 .0 % (8/ 5 0 ) ,6 2 .0 %(31/ 5 0 ) ,原发性肝细胞癌、胆管细胞癌 HBV、HCV重叠感染率分别为 2 7.1% (2 9/ 10 7) ,14 .0 % (7/ 5 0 ) ,良性肝病组HBV、HCV感染阳性率分别为 16 .7% (5 / 30 ) ,30 .0 % (9/ 30 )。原发性肝细胞癌 HBV感染、胆管细胞癌 HCV感染率高于良性肝病组 ,差异均有显著性 (P<0 .0 5 )。原发性肝细胞癌 HBV、HCV血清学检测阳性率分别为 87.8%(94 / 10 7) ,13.1% (14 / 10 7) ,胆管细胞癌 HBV、HCV血清学检测阳性率分别为 6 8.0 % (34/ 5 0 ) ,16 .0 % (8/ 5 0 )。　结论　原发性肝癌与 HBV、HCV的感染有密切关系     

肝细胞癌的相关血清标志物

HCC的早期诊断是其治疗的关键，HCC血清标志物的检测又为其诊断提供了有利的途径，并且操作简单，敏感性高和特异性强。目前常用的血清标志物为AFP、AFP变异体、AFP mRNA、AFU、GGT、DCP、AIF、GPC3等。这些标志物的联合使用有助于HCC的诊断及预后。     

表阿霉素联合化疗方案治疗29例恶性肿瘤疗效观察

目的观察以表阿霉素为主的不同化疗方案对常见恶性肿瘤的疗效及其毒副作用。方法以表阿霉素为主的CEP、CEOP、TE、IEO方案治疗肺癌、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、晚期乳腺癌和横纹肌肉瘤，其中表阿霉素60mg/m^2分2天静脉注射，其他药物都为常规剂量。21～28天为1个治疗周期，治疗2～3个周期后评价疗效。结果全组29例中CR7例，PR13例，SD5例，PD4例，总有效率68．97％。主要不良反应为骨髓抑制，其次是脱发和消化道反应。对肝肾功能和心脏影响轻微。结论以表阿霉素为主的联合化疗方案对常见恶性肿瘤疗效佳，安全性好，患者能较好地耐受。     

C57小鼠源性淋巴瘤的基因枪途径抗肿瘤免疫研究

[目的]诱导C57小鼠建立有效的抗肿瘤免疫.[方法]用基因枪途径给C57小鼠腹部接种含有粒巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GMCSF)基因的质粒,24h后在同一部位注射FBL3肿瘤细胞破碎后的上清液,15d后用3×106个FBL3肿瘤细胞皮下接种攻击.[结果]肿瘤的生长受到抑制,小鼠的生存时间明显延长.[结论]基因枪途径局部接种含有GMCSF基因的质粒,可增强机体的抗肿瘤免疫,抑制肿瘤细胞的生长.     

乳腺良恶性病变的磁共振T2*W首过灌注成像与血管生成相关性研究

Objective： To study the diagnostic value of T2^＊-weighted first-pass perfusion imaging in breast tumors. Methods： We analyzed the magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） information along with the pathological and immunohistochemistry results. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 28 patients with breast tumor. The time to signal intensity curves were generated according to the T2^＊-weighted first-pass perfusion imaging. The curve＇s maximal signal intensity drop rate and maximal signal intensity decrease time were analyzed and compared with the pathological diagnoses after surgery. Results： Malignant breast lesions showed higher maximal signal intensity drop rate （44.69% ± 17.07 vs. 17.22% ±7.49, P 〈 0.001） than benign lesions, but there was no significant difference of maximal signal decrease time between those two lesions （23.94 s ± 4.92 vs. 20.02 s ± 6.83, P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： The T2^＊-weighted first-pass perfusion imaging has enough sensitivity and specificity in breast tumor diagnosis.     

肝细胞癌合并胆管癌栓患者术中癌栓的处理

目的 探讨肝细胞癌（HCC）合并胆管癌栓患者术中癌栓的处理方式和术后恢复过程。方法 对1995年1月-2002年12月手术治疗的27例HCC合并胆管癌栓情况进行回顾性总结和分析。结果 只有59．3％（16／27）患者行肝切除、胆管取癌栓及胆管引流术。全组术后并发症发生率为55．6％（15／27），术后30d病死率为22．2％（6／27）。结论 HCC合并胆管癌栓的预后差，早期诊断和外科手术治疗是改善此病预后的关键。     

11^C-蛋氨酸的体内生物学分布和初步临床应用

目的研究新型脑肿瘤显像剂：11^C-蛋氨酸（11^C-MET）的体内生物学分布，探讨11^C—MET的临床显像方法及其在脑肿瘤显像中的应用．方法测定11^C—MET在小鼠体内的分布，对健康志愿者和病理证实胶质瘤患者进行PET脑显像．结果小鼠体内分布实验和脑PET显像发现，11^C—MET在血液中清除较慢，在肿瘤内有较长的滞留时问，平台期位于30—45min之间，延迟相对有利于脑瘤的显像，其余放射性主要集中在消化系统．结论11^C—MDT有较高的肿瘤／脑比值，是理想的脑肿瘤显像剂．     

骨外型牙源性钙化上皮瘤1例报告

牙源性钙化上皮瘤是一种良性肿瘤，也称Pindborg瘤，可分为骨内型和骨外型2种，主要发生于颌骨内，偶见于颌骨外。本文报告1例发生于口底的牙源性钙化上皮瘤，其临床症状与口底皮样囊肿相似．术后经组织病理学确诊，主要组织病理学特征是嗜酸性环状钙化团块。因其具有局部侵袭性，为避免复发，提倡完整切除肿物。     

密盖息治疗49例恶性骨转移瘤疗效观察

目的:观察密盖息(鲑鱼降钙素)的治疗骨转移瘤疼痛和血清钙的临床疗效。方法:单用组用密盖息100IU,肌肉注射,每日2次,共7d。联合化疗组化疗后加密盖息100IU肌肉注射,每日2次,每次7d。治疗结束进行疗效评价。结果:单用组骨痛完全缓解66.7%(12/18)。联合化疗组骨痛完全缓解率87.1%(27/31)。单用组血钙降至正常,占77.8%(14/18),联合化疗组血钙完全降至正常占100%(31/31)。副作用是暂时性的心动过速、皮肤潮红、头晕、恶心呕吐,无需特殊处理,自行缓解。结论:密盖息治疗骨转移瘤有止痛、降低血钙作用良好,副作用小,可以在临床上安全使用。     

Repeat Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) for Progressive Hepatic Carcinoid Metastases Provides Results Similar to First TACE

Background Transarterial chemoemobolization (TACE) is commonly used to treat metastatic carcinoid tumors; however, the management of progressive disease is less clear. We sought to determine if patients with disease progression after TACE would benefit from repeat TACE. Methods The records of 27 patients undergoing repeat TACE for radiologic or symptomatic progression after TACE for metastatic carcinoid were reviewed and compared to 122 undergoing first TACE. Overall and progression-free survivals were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method. Results Mean disease-free interval after first TACE was 11.8 months. Radiologic response was observed in 61% compared to 82% after first TACE (p = 0.058); hormone response in 64% compared to 80% (p = 0.159); and symptomatic response in 77% compared to 92% (p = 0.053). The complication rate after repeat TACE was lower than after first TACE (p = 0.03). Median overall survival was similar after repeat (28.1 months) and first TACE (33.3 months) (p = 0.53). Progression-free survival was shorter after repeat TACE but not significantly so. No factor examined could predict survival after repeat TACE. Conclusion Repeat TACE for patients with hepatic carcinoid metastases failing first TACE or having evidence of disease progression is safe and offers a viable treatment option. Presented at the 48th Annual Meeting of The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Washington, DC, May, 2007.