DCE-MRI及IVIM模型在直肠癌病理分级中的应用及其灌注参数的相关性

目的探讨动态增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)定量参数、体素内不相干运动(IVIM)不同模型在直肠癌病理分级中的应用价值,比较两者灌注指标的相关性。资料与方法收集行动态增强及多b值扩散加权成像扫描,且经手术或肠镜病理证实为直肠癌的37例患者,其中高分化11例,中分化12例,低分化14例,测量DCE-MRI参数容积转移常数(K^trans)、速率常数(Kep)和血管外细胞外容积分数(Ve),IVIM模型中标准表观扩散系数(标准ADC)、双阶单指数纯扩散系数(D-mono)、灌注系数(D^*-mono)、灌注分数(f-mono)及双阶双指数模型纯扩散系数(D-Bi)、灌注系数(D^*-Bi)、灌注分数(f-Bi),检验数据一致性,比较不同病理分化程度直肠癌各参数值的差异及各组间参数值的差异,分析各灌注指标间的相关性。结果观察者间测量数据一致性良好(ICC>0.5)。DCE-MRI参数K^trans、Ve值及IVIM模型参数D-mono及D^*-mono值在不同病理分级的直肠癌中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),低分化组Ktrans及Ve值均高于高分化组;低分化组D-mono值低于高分化组,D*-mono值高于高分化组,且随着分化程度降低,D-mono值逐渐降低,D^*-mono值逐渐升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Ve与f-Bi呈正相关(r=0.365,P=0.026)。结论DCE-MRI及IVIM模型可为直肠癌病理分级的术前评估提供较可靠的定量参数。IVIM模型的f-Bi值与DCE-MRI灌注参数Ve具有相关性。     

Training simulation for oral and maxillofacial surgeons based on the techniques of arthroscopy in the temporomandibular joint

Arthroscopy is a diagnostic-therapeutic technique used in the treatment of disorders of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The difficulties of arthroscopy lie in the manipulation of the tools, which is why training in the technique of triangulation in artificial models is essential. We developed a training system based on the techniques of arthroscopy in the TMJ, using simulators. The first simulator was a metal box containing three holes for insertion of the instruments, and the second was a human artificial model made of polymers. We found that they facilitated training in the techniques of arthroscopy, which subsequently reduced operating time and led to a better execution of skills in reality.     

日间手术中心复合局部麻醉下腰骶部筋膜脂肪疝的治疗

目的：探讨分析日间手术中心（ambulatory surgery center,ASC）复合局部麻醉下腰骶部筋膜脂肪疝的手术治疗体会。方法回顾性分析2012年10月至2013年7月,佛山市第一人民医院ASC接收手术治疗腰骶部筋膜脂肪疝患者33例的临床资料。手术方式：疝囊口扩大＋内容物切除术。麻醉方式：复方利多卡因乳膏表面麻醉＋哌卡因局部浸润麻醉。结果本组患者均在复合局部麻醉下顺利完成手术治疗,术中、术后无手术相关并发症发生。术后随访6个月,手术疗效价：优良率为93．94％。结论 ACS复合局部麻醉下手术治疗腰骶部筋膜脂肪疝疗效确切、安全可靠,减少了患者在院时间,节省了医疗成本。