Saline irrigation and wound infection in abdominal gynecologic surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether saline wound irrigation decreases the incidence of wound infection following abdominal gynecologic surgery. METHOD: In this prospective randomized study, 104 patients underwent wound irrigation before wound closure following abdominal gynecologic surgery and 102 patients did not. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in patient characteristics or in factors influencing the incidence of wound infection after abdominal gynecologic surgery. The incidence of wound infection was 10.6% among women who underwent wound irrigation and 9.8% among those who did not, and the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Saline wound irrigation before abdominal wall closure is not helpful in decreasing the incidence of wound infection after abdominal gynecologic surgery.     

无症状乙肝病毒感染对妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症妊娠结局影响的探讨

目的:探讨无症状乙肝病毒感染对妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)的发生率及妊娠结局的影响。方法:采用回顾性调查方法对乙肝病毒感染的ICP孕妇118例和无乙肝病毒感染的ICP孕妇478例进行对比分析,利用卡方检验进行统计学分析,观察乙肝病毒感染对ICP的发生率及妊娠结局的影响。结果:有乙肝病毒感染孕妇的妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症ICP发生率明显高于无乙肝病毒感染的孕妇(P<0.01),前者出现瘙痒症状时间明显早于后者(P<0.01)。有乙肝病毒感染的ICP孕妇的早产发生率也高于无乙肝病毒感染的孕妇(P<0.01)。两组ICP孕妇产后24h阴道出血量差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:无症状乙肝病毒感染可以使ICP的发生率增高,易引起早产,因此应加强对这类患者的孕产期监护和治疗,保证母婴的健康和安全。     

穴位注射乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白阻断乙型肝炎病毒母婴传播的临床研究

目的探计乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）阳性孕妇孕期足三里穴位注射乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白（HBIG）预防HBV宫内感染的效果。方法2001年11月至2003年10月烟台毓璜顶医院将190例乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）阳性孕妇随机分为两组：足三里穴位注射组92例，于孕20、24、28、32、36周足三里穴位注射HBIG共5次，每次200IU。肌肉注射组98例，同剂量、同时间应用HBIG。采用酶联免疫法，检测用药前后孕妇血清及新生儿脐血清HBsAg、HBeAg及HBsAb，采用核酸扩增（PCR）荧光定量检测HBV-DNA含量。结果92例足三里穴位注射者，新生儿HBV官内感染8倒，宫内感染率为8．7％，低于肌肉注射组（P〈0．01）。穴位注射组新生儿脐血清HBsAb检出率显著高于肌肉注射组（P〈0.05）。穴位注射组临产前血清中HBV—DNA显著低于肌肉注射组（P〈0.05）．结论通过孕妇足三里穴位注射HBIG，可更有效地减少HBV的宫内感染，未发现任何副反应。     

COPD住院患者并发白色念珠菌肺炎76例临床分析

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）住院患者并发白色念珠菌肺炎的易感因素及防治对策.方法回顾性分析呼吸内科病房76例COPD并发白色念珠菌肺炎患者和同期76例无院内真菌感染的COPD患者的临床资料.结果 COPD患者并发白色念珠菌肺炎除了与患者的年龄和合并症有关外,还与广谱抗生素和糖皮质激素的应用、长期住院、各种侵入性操作以及全肠外营养的广泛开展等有密切关系.结论合理使用抗生素和糖皮质激素,减少不必要的侵袭性操作,机械通气者尽快脱机,尽可能进行胃肠内营养,改善胃肠道微生态环境,密切监测,及早治疗,可以有效防治COPD患者的真菌感染,改善其预后.     

Molecular Characterization of Duck Hepatitis B Virus Isolated from Hubei Brown Ducks

The objective of this study was to characterize the genome structure of duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) isolated from Hubei brown ducks. The natural carrier rate of DHBV in adult ducks from Hubei area was investigated and the DHBV DNA-positive serum screened out. The complete genome of a DHBV strain was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned into T vector and sequenced. The results showed that the carrier rate of DHBV in Hubei brown ducks was 10 %. This strain (GenBank accession number DQ276978) had a genome of 3024 nucleotides with three overlapping open reading frames encoding the surface, core and polymerase proteins respectively. Comparison of the strain with 17 DHBV strains registered in GenBank revealed a homology from 89.3 % to 93.5 % at the nucleotide level. The sequences of the structural and functional domains of these proteins were highly conserved. The strain was found to share more signature amino acids in the polymerase genes with the "Chinese" DHBV strains than those of the "Western" country strains. This finding was also corroborated by a phylogenetic tree analysis. Therefore, the DQ276978 might belong to a subtype of the Chinese DHBV strains.     

Construction of eukaryotic expressing plasmids encodingHA andHA 1 of influenza A virus and their transient expression in HEK293 cells

Summary In order to explore the feasibility and protective efficiency of influenza DNA vaccine, we constructed eukaryotic expressing plasmids encodingHA andHA ₁ of influenza A virus (A/PR/8/34) and studied their expression in HEK293 cells.HA andHA ₁ genes were amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into pcDNA3. 1(+) to generate pcDNA3. 1(+)/HA and pcDNA3.1(+)/HA₁, respectively. After verification of the cloning fidelity by restriction endonuclease digestion, PCR, and sequencing, pcDNA3. 1(+)/HA and pcDNA3.1(+)/HA₁ were transfected into HEK293 cells using PolyFect Transfection Reagent. Immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the transient expressing cells. Fluorescence microscopy revealed strong expression of target gene in HEK293 cells transiently transfected with either pcDNA3.1(+)/HA or pcDNA3.1(+)/HA₁. Therefore, the results confirm the successful construction of eukaryotic expressing plasmids capable of driving the eukaryotic expression of influenza virus antigen HA and HA₁, which is likely to provide a basis for both further investigation of the mechanism of influenza viral infection and the development of influenza DNA vaccine. Zhang Weidong, female, born in 1970, M. D., Ph. D. This project was supported by a grant from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (No. 39970830).     

依替米星治疗老年肺部感染的疗效和安全性观察

目的观察硫酸依替米星在老年肺部感染性疾病中应用的安全性。方法选择42例年龄大于60岁的老年肺部感染性疾病患者用硫酸依替米星治疗,观察临床疗效,记录用药前后血肝肾功能的变化及用药过程中的临床不良反应。结果依替米星治疗老年肺部感染的临床有效率为85.71%,不良反应的发生率9.52%。结论硫酸依替米星是一个毒性较低、安全有效的氨基糖苷类抗生素,可用于老年肺部感染性疾病。     

128株嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌在院内感染中的耐药性分析

目的研究唔麦芽窄食单胞菌的感染危险因素及其耐药特征，提高临床对嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌防治水平。方法对128例嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染者的临床资料进行统计分析，并用K-B法测其耐药情况。结果嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌占非发酵革兰阴性杆菌23．0％，居铜绿假单胞菌之后，列第二位；药敏试验表明：该菌广泛耐药，敏感率〉50％者仅有复方新诺明、替卡西林／克拉维酸与头孢哌酮／舒巴坦；在感染患者中，有90．3％患有基础病，97．0％先期使用过广谱抗生素，75．7％曾接受侵入性检查和治疗。结论嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌已成为医院内感染重要致病菌之一，多发生在免疫功能低下的老年、慢性疾病、接受激素及长期抗菌药物治疗的患者，施行各种侵入性检查和治疗的患者也是感染的高危人群，嗜麦芽窄食单胞对多种抗生素耐药，一旦感染，治疗颇为困难。     

负染色腺病毒电镜照片的细节特征提取

目的：利用计算机对负染色腺病毒电镜照片的图像进行分析处理,按照特定的目标,从图像中提取某些特定的信息.方法：对有代表性结构的负染色腺病毒电镜照片,进行C语言编程和PHOTOSHOP软件处理.结果：经综合处理后的负染色腺病毒电镜照片,测量所得的数据,基本上处于病毒的理想模型尺寸的范围内.结论：若用此处理方法处理未知病毒负染色电镜照片,将在未知病毒的辨析和结构形态解释上,提供更多、更详细的未知条件.