The influence of obesity on the motor coordination in children between 6 and 9 years of age

ObjectiveObesity is the most common childhood illness in developed countries and its prevalence continues to increase. The objective was to analyze the influence of obesity on the motor coordination of children between 6 and 9 years old.Equipment and methodsA number of 52 pupils of both genders participated for evaluation of the prevalence of obesity using the measurement of the abdominal perimeter and the Body Mass Index (BMI) categorized as Normal-Weighted, Excess Weight and Obesity. The assessment of motor coordination was performed by the KTK test. SPSS (version 19.0) was used for statistical purposes.ResultsGirls had lower levels of performance rather than boys, and the pupils presented worse levels of motor performance as the age progressed. Regarding the prevalence of obesity, the two-gender obtained high mean values for the Normal-weighted category, whereas 25% is overweight. Regarding the level of motor coordination, 57.7% of the pupils had Normal Coordination and 40.4% had coordinative difficulties. Pupils with higher values of BMI and abdominal perimeter obtains lower results of motor coordination.     

2014-2018年ICU真菌血症病原菌分布及抗菌药物敏感性分析

目的:研究我院ICU科室真菌血症病原菌的分布特点和药敏结果,为真菌血症的临床诊断和抗菌药物治疗提供依据。方法:对我院2014-2018年,5年间ICU科室血培养分离酵母样真菌且符合真菌血症诊断标准的临床资料进行回顾性分析,应用WHONET 5.6软件对菌株分布和药敏结果进行统计。结果:ICU确诊真菌血症患者共129例,致病菌主要为近平滑念珠菌（59株,45.7%）、白色念珠菌（22株,17.1%）、光滑念珠菌（14株,10.9%）和热带念珠菌（12株,9.3%）。真菌血症以男性患者（72.1%）居多,好发于65岁及以上老年（64.3%）;重症医学科（55.8%）和老年病房ICU（20.2%）分离率较高。所有菌株对5-氟胞嘧啶和两性霉素B敏感性较高,对唑类药物出现不同程度耐药。结论:我院真菌血流感染以近平滑念珠菌为多见。光滑念珠菌、热带念珠菌、红酵母属对唑类药物的敏感性相对较低。推广质谱、分子生物学等快速鉴定技术,了解真菌血症病原菌对抗菌药物的敏感性,对ICU真菌血流感染患者的早期诊治和预后有着重要意义。     

Validation of donor fraction cell-free DNA with biopsy-proven cardiac allograft rejection in children and adults

ObjectivesDonor-specific cell-free DNA shows promise as a noninvasive marker for allograft rejection, but as yet has not been validated in both adult and pediatric recipients. The study objective was to validate donor fraction cell-free DNA as a noninvasive test to assess for risk of acute cellular rejection and antibody-mediated rejection after heart transplantation in pediatric and adult recipients.MethodsPediatric and adult heart transplant recipients were enrolled from 7 participating sites and followed for 12 months or more with plasma samples collected immediately before all endomyocardial biopsies. Donor fraction cell-free DNA was extracted, and quantitative genotyping was performed. Blinded donor fraction cell-free DNA and clinical data were analyzed and compared with a previously determined threshold of 0.14%. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value, and receiver operating characteristic curves were calculated.ResultsA total of 987 samples from 144 subjects were collected. After applying predefined clinical and technical exclusions, 745 samples from 130 subjects produced 54 rejection samples associated with the composite outcome of acute cellular rejection grade 2R or greater and pathologic antibody-mediated rejection 2 or greater and 323 healthy samples. For all participants, donor fraction cell-free DNA at a threshold of 0.14% had a sensitivity of 67%, a specificity of 79%, a positive predictive value of 34%, and a negative predictive value of 94% with an area under the curve of 0.78 for detecting rejection. When analyzed independently, these results held true for both pediatric and adult cohorts at the same threshold of 0.14% (negative predictive value 92% and 95%, respectively).ConclusionsDonor fraction cell-free DNA at a threshold of 0.14% can be used to assess for risk of rejection after heart transplantation in both pediatric and adult patients with excellent negative predictive value.     

Evaluation of the ICT Malaria Pf test for rapid post-mortem diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in corpses examined for forensic reasons

To test the diagnostic value of a rapid and simple immunochromatographic test (ICT) based on the detection of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2) for post-mortem examination, blood samples from 30 consecutive corpses were analysed by ICT and Giemsa-stained blood films. Compared to microscopy, ICT had 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity even after a considerable time had passed between the presumed time of death and testing or after prolonged storage of whole blood samples. The ICT yielded positive results for four travellers who had returned from Kenya and died from Pl. falciparum malaria. The ICT might therefore serve as an additional tool for rapid malaria diagnosis, especially in non-endemic countries where experience with microscopic malaria detection is limited. Received: 5 August 1999 / Received in revised form: 7 October 1999     

Assessment of the test–retest reliability of a foot placement accuracy protocol in assisted-living older adults

IntroductionThis study assessed the test–retest reliability of a foot placement accuracy protocol in a population of assisted-living elderly. The goal was to evaluate the execution of foot placement performance with increasing complexity of the walking condition.MethodsTwenty-five elderly participants (5 males, 20 females, 80.4 ± 8.6 years) were assessed by one observer in two sessions with 48 h between the measurements. Participants walked at self-selected pace along a pathway with three different walking conditions composed of two rectangular foam target locations and an obstacle on the walking surface. The main outcome measures were foot placement distance error, intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC), and the smallest detectable difference (SDD).ResultsMean absolute values of the foot placement distance errors were 14.0 ± 4.5 mm for medio-lateral deviation and 27.2 ± 2.1 mm for anterior–posterior deviation, respectively. ICC values for test–retest reliability showed ‘fair to good’ to ‘excellent’ reliability across all conditions with values ranging from 0.63 to 0.94. SDD values were between 3.6 and 37.3 mm.ConclusionThe protocol showed good reliability for test–retest measurements of foot placement accuracy, thus making this protocol a reliable and location-independent tool to assess performance of foot placement in elderly in assisted-living settings. In the future, measurements with elderly fallers and non-fallers should be conducted to assess validity of the protocol.     

对人脑执行功能激活区域间关系的因果分析研究

目的 探讨任务状态下注意网络中执行功能的脑激活状态,以及激活区域间的因果关系.方法 利用GE公司Signa1.5T磁共振成像系统,采用注意网络实验范式,对15例（男性8例,女7例）健康受试者在任务态下进行功能磁共振扫描,根据激活位置选取感兴趣区,利用系数Granger因果分析方法计算每两个感兴趣区之间的Granger因果关系,生成Granger因果数据,利用SPSS 18.0软件对所得数据进行统计分析.结果 被试的行为学数据符合实验需要,激活区域为前扣带回、背外侧前额叶皮质、右顶上小叶、右顶下小叶.Granger因果分析结果显示前扣带回与背外侧前额叶皮质构成因果关系,背外侧前额叶皮质、右顶上小叶、右顶下小叶构成因果关系并形成单向回路.结论 在注意网络实验范式下,执行功能是由前扣带回、背外侧前额叶皮质、右顶上小叶、右顶下小叶共同参与完成的,其中前扣带回主要功能为发现冲突,而背外侧前额叶及其所形成的单向环路主要功能为解决冲突.     

Quels tests de terrain pour le suivi de la performance athlétique en sport collectif ?

Introduction

To monitor athletic performance throughout a team-sport season, strength and conditioning coaches are used to program various field tests that evaluate physiological variables predictive of performance in their activity. Nevertheless, performing all these field tests is time consuming and not well appropriated for frequent monitoring.

Synthesis of the facts

The present study investigated whether a single test can be used as a surrogate of overall team athletic performance.

Conclusion

It appears that the 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test and a repeated sprint ability test, but not explosive power of lower limb or sprinting tests, are sensitive enough to differentiate different performance levels throughout the season.     

基于移动设备的检验结果自助查询系统构建探讨

本文介绍了构建基于移动设备的检验结果自助查询系统优势及可行性,重点从患者移动设备登陆层、检验结果显示层和检验结果医疗指导层3个方面,论述了检验结果自助查询系统的服务流程,并对其未来的应用提出了可行的建议。     

The ‘Draw‐the‐Family Test’ in the preoperative assessment of patients with anorectal diseases and psychological distress: a prospective controlled study

Aim Some benign anorectal diseases may have psychosomatic aetiology, but patients often refuse direct psychological counselling. The Draw‐the‐Family Test (DFT) is a simple indirect investigation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the DFT in patients with psychological problems undergoing surgery for benign anorectal disease and to correlate the results with surgical outcome. Method DFT was administered prior to surgery to 62 patients with benign anorectal disease who admitted psychological problems at the time of the outpatient visit. Of these 18 (29%) had functional disease, mainly obstructed defecation (OD) while 44 (71%) had organic disease (haemorrhoids, fissures, pilonidal sinus or fistula). DFT was also administered to 40 healthy control subjects. Each DFT was judged as normal or pathological according to 10 parameters. Patients were followed up for a median of 12 months (range 3–64) and divided into two outcome groups, success (n = 58) and failure (n = 12) according to the results of a questionnaire. The DFT of all patients was then correlated with the outcome. Results None of the patients refused DFT. All DFT parameters but one (animal/things instead of human beings) were more frequent in patients compared with controls (P < 0.05). When comparing separately organic or functional disease patients with controls, one parameter (absence of patient in the drawing) was only pathological in the organic disease group (P < 0.05). Another parameter (schematic figures) was more frequently altered in the organic disease group compared with the functional disease group (P = 0.01). Eight out of 10 parameters were more frequently pathological in patients who failed after treatment, but none reached statistical significance. Conclusion Results of DFT in patients with anorectal disease admitting to psychological problems are markedly different from healthy controls. Patients with organic disease and those with functional bowel disease have different DFT profiles. In our study group, DFT had an excellent compliance but could not predict the outcome of surgery.