扁桃体低温等离子切除术与传统挤切术临床疗效比较

目的观察比较扁桃体低温等离子切除术与传统挤切术临床疗效,为扁桃体切除治疗提供临床依据。方法选取我科2011年1月-2014年1月扁桃体手术108例分为观察组、对照组每组各54例,比较2组术中及术后出血量、出血发生率、术后患者不适发生率等。结果与对照组相比,观察组的术中及术后出血量、出血发生率、术后患者不适发生率均显著减少(P值均<0.05)。结论与传统挤切术比较,低温等离子切除术具有出血量少、出血发生率减少、术后患者不适发生率减少。     

扁桃体炎血清可溶性白细胞介素2受体测定及其临床意义

目的 :观察扁桃体炎血清可溶性白细胞介素 2受体 (SIL- 2 R)水平及其临床意义。方法 :采用 EL ISA双抗夹心法检测 6 8例急慢性扁桃体炎及 6 8例正常人血清 SIL- 2 R水平。结果 :初发急性扁桃体炎及慢性扁桃体炎急性发作期患者 SIL - 2 R水平分别为 (6 42 .2± 87.2 )× 10 3u/ L ,(76 2 .3± 90 .5 )× 10 3u/ L ,均显著高于正常对照组的 (2 85 .5± 49.6 )× 10 3u/ L (P <0 .0 1) ,而且后者高于前者 (P <0 .0 1)。慢性扁桃体炎慢性期与正常对照无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,抗生素治疗 3～ 5 d后有效病例血清 SIL - 2 R明显下降。结论 :血清 SIL - 2 R测定对扁桃体炎诊断及疗效判定有一定意义。     

慢性扁桃体炎扁桃体重量测量结果报告

目的测量各年龄组慢性扁桃体炎扁桃体的重量,提供临床解剖数据。方法将切除的扁桃体用医用天平或电子天平测量其重量,并分年龄组及左右侧进行记录。结果扁桃体左侧平均重量3·62克,右侧平均重量3·56克。结论扁桃体在青少年阶段随年龄增长而增重,学龄期最为突出。30岁后扁桃体重量开始有所减轻,而后年龄越大而扁桃体重量越轻。     

Relationship Between Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases and Obesity

Objectives

Obesity rates have been increasing for all population groups worldwide, leading to the increased development of various diseases. This study was designed is to identify the relationships between obesity and several important otorhinolaryngologic diseases, including chronic otitis media (COM), chronic rhinosinusitis, and chronic tonsillitis.

Methods

Mean body mass index (BMI) was compared in patients with COM, rhinosinusitis, and tonsillitis and in a control group. The relationships among the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity, morbidity period, and BMI were assessed in each group.

Results

Mean BMIs in the COM, rhinosinusitis, and tonsillitis groups were 24.45±2.72 kg/m², 24.68±3.25 kg/m², and 24.67±3.82 kg/m², respectively, with each significantly higher than in the control group (23.22±3.01 kg/m², P<0.05). The rates of obesity in the COM, rhinosinusitis, and tonsillitis groups were 37.5%, 42.9%, and 40.1%, respectively, each significantly higher than in the control group (24.3%, P<0.05). However, the rates of overweight did not differ significantly in the COM, rhinosinusitis, and tonsillitis compared with the control group (P>0.05 each).

Conclusion

Mean BMI and the prevalence of obesity were elevated in the three groups of patients with representative otorhinolaryngologic inflammatory diseases, including COM, chronic rhinosinusitis, and chronic tonsillitis.     

Current trends in tonsillitis and tonsillectomy

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to assess tonsillitis and tonsillectomy trends, both from a local and national perspective.MethodsRetrospective analysis was carried out of tonsillitis admissions and tonsillectomy rates over a ten-year period in a university teaching hospital from 2003 to 2012.ResultsSince 2003 tonsillitis admissions have increased locally by 118% in adults and 179% in children despite negligible changes in tonsillectomy rates. Similar trends have been observed nationally.ConclusionsThe findings of this study may be considered to be the result of current National Health Service policy. A reconsideration of agreed indications for tonsillectomy could potentially reduce hospital admissions of patients with tonsillitis in the long term.     

基于网络药理学和实验验证研究蓍草解毒利湿功效的作用机制

目的：基于网络药理学与分子对接及体外活性实验探究蓍草解毒利湿功效的作用机制。方法：通过文献查找蓍草的活性成分，使用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台（TCMSP）筛选蓍草的活性成分，通过TCMSP、GeneCards和比较毒物基因组学数据库(CTD)等数据库检索活性成分作用靶点与疾病作用靶点。将成分作用靶点与疾病作用靶点的共有靶点构建“成分-靶点”网络及蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络，同时进行基因本体（GO）富集分析及京都基因和基因组百科全书（KEGG）信号通路分析，最后构建“中药-成分-靶点-通路-疾病-功效”网络图，并进行网络拓扑分析筛选出蓍草干预疾病的活性成分和核心靶点，并通过分子对接和体外实验探究活性成分。结果：蓍草发挥传统功效的活性成分26个和相关靶点247个。网络拓扑分析发现，蓍草主要通过作用前列腺素内过氧化物合成酶（PTGS2）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）、胱天蛋白酶3（CASP3）、促分裂原活化的蛋白激酶3（MAPK3）等靶点及相关通路发挥功效作用。分子对接结果显示活性成分与PTGS2、TNF、CASP3等核心靶点均能稳定结合。体外活性实验结果显示绿原酸、芒柄花素等成分均具有良好的抗炎活性。结论：本研究基于蓍草“解毒利湿”的传统功效，针对其治疗扁桃体炎、细菌性痢疾、尿道炎展开研究，结果显示蓍草可能通过绿原酸、芒柄花素等成分作用多个靶点和通路干预疾病发生发展过程，为阐释蓍草发挥功效的作用机制提供参考。     

银屑病伴扁桃体炎患者扁桃体细菌学的研究

本文对银屑病伴扁桃体炎患者27例,慢性扁桃体炎无银屑病患者30例分别进行了扁桃体表面与内部组织细菌培养,并对检出的厌氧菌、需氧菌的种类,菌株数分别做了分析和比较,还对病例组中的11例患者在摘除术后又做了咽部培养。结果表明,两组扁桃体表面与内部组织菌群均是厌氧菌与需氧菌混合存在,细菌检出率组织内部明显高于表面。但病例组扁桃体表面及内部组织厌氧杆菌检出率均高于对照组。     

Indications for tonsillectomy: A 10 year retrospective review

ObjectiveRecurrent tonsillitis and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are the most common indications for tonsillectomy. This study was undertaken to determine if recurrent tonsillitis is increasing as an indication for tonsillectomy by reviewing the recent trend at a single institution.MethodsA retrospective chart review of patients undergoing tonsillectomy from 2003 to 2012 was performed. Data was gathered from pre-operative symptoms and sleep study results. Patients were categorized by the following indications: (1) obstructive sleep apnea, (2) recurrent tonsillitis and OSA, (3) recurrent tonsillitis alone and (4) other. Literature review was conducted to find similar studies; the results of the literature review were compared to our results.ResultsA total of 2369 patients were included, 52% were boys. Over the study period OSA was the indication for surgery for 67% of patients. There was an increasing trend in OSA as the indication for tonsillectomy (p < 0.0001). Girls were more likely to have tonsillitis as an indication for tonsillectomy (21% vs. 17%, OR: 1.32, p < 0.0001). Children younger than 2 or 2–5 are less likely than those older than 5 to have tonsillitis as an indication for surgery (2.30% and 6.26% vs. 27.46%, OR = 0.06 and 0.18, p < 0.0001). 987 of 2370 (42%) patients undergoing tonsillectomy had a pre-operative sleep study. Younger children were more likely to have had a sleep study.ConclusionThere were mild variations from year to year; however, obstructive sleep apnea is the most common reason for tonsillectomy.     

复方土牛膝颗粒治疗小儿急性咽炎、扁桃体炎临床疗效观察

目的:观察复方土牛膝颗粒治疗小儿急性咽炎、扁桃体炎的临床疗效。方法:选择急性咽炎、扁桃体炎患儿120例,随机平均分为2组。治疗组口服复方土牛膝颗粒,每次5～10g,3次.d-1,3d为一个疗程;对照组口服头孢克洛颗粒,每次0.125g(3a以下儿童酌减),3次.d-1,3d为一个疗程。结果:治疗组疗效显著优于对照组(P<0.05),2组均未发生不良反应。结论:复方土牛膝颗粒治疗小儿急性咽炎、扁桃体炎临床效果满意。