药物治疗慢性鼻-鼻窦炎嗅觉障碍的疗效观察

目的观察药物治疗慢性鼻-鼻窦炎嗅觉障碍的疗效。方法对本院2006年1月～2008年8月26例慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（不伴鼻息肉）嗅觉障碍患者进行回顾性分析。减充血剂、抗炎、抗感染、黏液促排药物治疗20例,在此基础上给予全身激素及营养神经治疗5例,全身激素、营养神经及抗病毒治疗1例。治疗前后行嗅觉测试、鼻窦CT和鼻内镜检查。结果本组26患者中24例治愈,治愈率92.00%,平均治疗时间25.64 d。结论以嗅觉障碍为主诉的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎,根据病因,选择正确的治疗方案,可获满意治疗效果。     

两种鼻腔滴药方法治疗儿童鼻窦炎疗效及舒适度的观察

目的：比较两种鼻腔滴药方法对儿童鼻窦炎疗效的影响。方法：将200例上颌窦积液的患儿随机分成观察组和对照组。分别采用侧卧垂头位及仰卧垂头位两种鼻腔滴药方法。2周后统计两种鼻腔滴药体位对鼻窦炎患儿疗效的影响及患儿滴药时的舒适度有何差异。结果：观察组有效率与舒适度均高于对照组,P〈0．05。结论：侧卧垂头位鼻腔滴药法可以准确地将药液滴人中鼻道,达到使中鼻道黏膜减轻充血和上颌窦积液彻底引流的目的,提高治疗效果,患儿乐于接受。     

A computed tomographic analysis of frontal recess cells in association with the development of frontal sinusitis

Objective

This study was done to determine frontal recess anatomy cell variations and its association with frontal sinusitis. The incidence of frontal recess cells in the population, the presence of frontal recess cell variations in chronic rhinosinusitis and non-chronic rhinosinusitis and the association of frontal recess cell variation in the development of frontal sinusitis were also assessed.

金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素与慢性鼻-鼻窦炎 相关性的研究进展

近年来国际上针对慢性鼻-鼻窦炎病因学提出“超抗原”学说,金黄色葡萄球菌分泌的肠毒素作为一种外源性超抗原,仅需微量即可刺激多种非特异性T细胞大量增殖,产生多种细胞因子,在疾病的发生发展过程中发挥重要作用。本文将对金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素的结构、作用机理及与慢性鼻-鼻窦炎相关研究进行综述。     

鼻中隔偏曲及慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者的精神心理状态调查

目的 初步调查鼻中隔偏曲(DNS)、慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉(CRSwNP)患者的精神心理状况,观察其手术前后的心理变化。 方法 利用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估44例CRSwNP、41例DNS、31例声带息肉患者(对照组)手术前后焦虑、抑郁症状。另取39例健康者作健康对照。 结果 术前各组的SAS和SDS评分依次为:健康组(36.74±10.39; 38.51±11.30)、对照组(38.52±10.99; 42.26±10.42)、CRSwNP组(42.00±13.54; 43.84±15.44)、DNS组(45.02±10.80; 48.32±11.21)。健康组、对照组与DNS组之间的SAS和SDS评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。CRSwNP组和DNS组的术前、术后的SAS和SDS评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。约1/3的DNS组和CRSwNP组的患者术后仍出现焦虑或抑郁症状。 结论 DNS、CRSwNP患者存在一定的焦虑、抑郁症状,术后其评分较术前改善,但约1/3的患者术后仍有焦虑、抑郁症状,必要时应给予心理干预。     

Risk Model Establishment of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis: a Multicenter Study in Korea

BackgroundEndoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is the mainstay treatment for refractory chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Since various factors may contribute to the surgical outcome, it is challenging for physicians to predict surgical outcomes. The aim of study was to analyze the prognostic factors of postoperative outcomes and to establish the prediction model with the risk factors that impact the postoperative outcomes.MethodsMedical records of CRS patients who underwent ESS at 9 institutions in 2005, 2010, and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. We classified the patients into 2 groups based on postoperative objective endoscopic outcomes. Demographics, nose-specific symptoms, olfactory function, eosinophil counts in blood (EoB) and nasal tissue (EoT), and Lund-Mackay CT score (LMS) were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed and established a prediction equation for postoperative endoscopic objective outcomes.ResultsIn total (n = 1,249), 27.0% were not satisfied under postoperative endoscopic examination. Of 10 variables, LMS (> 5), sinus dominancy (maxillary sinus and ethmoid sinus), EoB (> 210), and EoT (> 100) were statistically significant in univariate analysis (P < 0.05, all). In multivariate analysis, EoT (> 100) and LMS (> 5) were significantly associated with poor postoperative outcome. Furthermore, 5 significant variables were employed to establish the risk model of postoperative outcomes and P (the value of prediction probability) = 1 / (1 + exp [−0.392 + 1.088 × EoT (> 100) + 0.123 × mean LMS (> 5) − 0.366 × sinus dominancy (maxillary) + 0.064 × sinus dominancy (similar) + 0.200 × EoB (4%) + 0.344 × EoB (> 210)] was developed.ConclusionTissue eosinophil count and radiographic severity predispose to a poorer outcome of ESS and the risk model established may be helpful to predict postoperative outcomes of ESS.