腹腔镜治疗阑尾周围脓肿25例报告

目的：探讨腹腔镜手术治疗阑尾周围脓肿的手术方法及临床疗效。方法：回顾分析2010年4月至2013年4月为25例阑尾周围脓肿患者行腹腔镜手术的临床资料。其中18例行阑尾切除加脓肿病灶清除术，7例行脓肿引流术。结果：25例均顺利完成腹腔镜手术，手术时间平均（60．25±30．12）min，平均住院（7．53±3．44）d。术后2例发生切口脂肪津化，切口延迟愈合：余均无并发症发生。结论：腹腔镜手术治疗阑尾周围脓肿是安全、可行的，应根据患者病情采取合适的术式。     

Splenic Abscess Complicating Infective Endocarditis: Three Case Reports

We present three case-reports of splenic abscess in patients who were initially diagnosed with bacterial endocarditis. In all cases the diagnosis of splenic abscess was based on the findings of abdominal CT scan or MRI. All patients were treated by laparotomy and splenectomy. Two patients fully recovered and one patient, who suffered from splenic rupture and massive blood loss before surgery, died.

Splenic abscess is a well-described but rare complication of infective endocarditis. Rapid diagnosis and treatment are essential as its course can prove fatal.

Abdominal CT scan or MRI should be performed if there is clinical suspicion of splenic abscedation. Immediate splenectomy combined with appropriate antibiotics and valve replacement surgery is the treatment of choice. Splenic tissue is very fragile — especially if the abscess is located subcapsular — and a splenic rupture can result from minimal trauma. If the patient’s general state allows it, it is best to perform splenectomy prior to valve replacement surgery to prevent re-infection of the valve prosthesis. A combined one-stage procedure is also an option.     

帕瑞昔布钠和曲马多在肛周脓肿术中超前镇痛的效果比较

肛周脓肿是肛肠外科常见病和多发病，手术是主要治疗手段，其手术创面通常较大，间隙较深，术后疼痛常较剧烈，因此短期内常需反复依靠镇痛药缓解疼痛。超前镇痛是指在伤害性刺激作用于机体之前采取一定的措施，防治神经中枢敏化，减少或消除伤害引起的疼痛[1]。目前已越来越多地应用于临床，并显示出较好的术后镇痛效果。本研究对帕瑞昔布钠和盐酸曲马多在肛周脓肿术中超前镇痛的临床疗效和不良反应进行比较，为临床实际问题提供解决方案。     

Transmission of Streptococcus equi Subspecies zooepidemicus Infection from Horses to Humans

Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus (S. zooepidemicus) is a zoonotic pathogen for persons in contact with horses. In horses, S. zooepidemicus is an opportunistic pathogen, but human infections associated with S. zooepidemicus are often severe. Within 6 months in 2011, 3 unrelated cases of severe, disseminated S. zooepidemicus infection occurred in men working with horses in eastern Finland. To clarify the pathogen’s epidemiology, we describe the clinical features of the infection in 3 patients and compare the S. zooepidemicus isolates from the human cases with S. zooepidemicus isolates from horses. The isolates were analyzed by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, multilocus sequence typing, and sequencing of the szP gene. Molecular typing methods showed that human and equine isolates were identical or closely related. These results emphasize that S. zooepidemicus transmitted from horses can lead to severe infections in humans. As leisure and professional equine sports continue to grow, this infection should be recognized as an emerging zoonosis.     

Huge Amoebic Liver Abscess Presented with Massive Right Empyema: A Case Report

Amoebic liver abscess is a complication of amoebiasis that needs early diagnosis and proper treatment before further complications occur. We report a-35 year old female presented by fever and dyspnea due to huge liver abscess complicated by massive right side empyema. The patient was effectively treated by percutaneous drainage for both the right lobe abscess and empyema together with pharmacologic agents.     

Departments

ABSTRACT

Spinal epidural abscess may complicate vertebral osteomyelitis. The purpose of this report is to discuss its course in two patients with sensory/motor and cognitive impairment and to demonstrate the need for its early detection. Delayed detection may lead to spinal cord injury or meningitis. It may also delay functional return and hinder intensive rehabilitation efforts. Two patients are presented.     

An Inexpensive and Easy Ultrasound Phantom

Ultrasound models, commonly referred to as “phantoms,” are simulation tools for ultrasound education. Commercially produced phantoms are available, but there are “homemade” alternatives such as raw poultry and gelatin molds. Precooked, processed meat, better known as SPAM (Hormel Foods Corporation, Austin, MN), can be used as an ultrasound phantom to teach several ultrasound applications. It is a versatile, hygienic, and easily manipulated medium that does not require refrigeration or preparatory work and can be easily discarded at the end of use.     

Infections of the Nervous System

Microorganisms can affect the entire neuraxis, producing a variety of neurologic complications that frequently entail prolonged hospitalizations and complicated treatment regimens. The spread of pathogens to new regions and the reemergence of opportunistic organisms in immunocompromised patients pose increasing challenges to health care professionals. Because rapid diagnosis and treatment may prevent long-term neurologic sequelae, providers should approach these diseases with a structured, neuroanatomic framework, incorporating a thorough history, examination, laboratory analysis, and neuroimaging in their clinical reasoning and decision-making.     

De Garengeot hernia with perforated appendicitis and a groin subcutaneous abscess: A case report

IntroductionDe Garengeot hernia is rare. Although previous reports have suggested various surgical options according to patient condition, comorbidities, surgeon preference, and clinical findings during surgery, a treatment strategy has not been established.Presentation of caseAn 81-year-old woman presented with an irreducible tender mass that was subsequently diagnosed as an incarcerated femoral hernia with a subcutaneous abscess in the right groin. Intraoperative findings revealed a necrotic and perforated appendix strangulated by the femoral ring for which an appendectomy and herniorrhaphy was performed concurrently through the hernia sac. The subcutaneous abscess cavity was washed thoroughly and a drainage tube was placed within it. The patient recovered uneventfully.DiscussionWe suggest that the approach through the inguinal incision in both appendectomy and herniorrhaphy with drainage may be useful in avoiding intra-abdominal contamination in cases of de Garengeot hernia with subcutaneous abscess.ConclusionHere, we described a case of de Garengeot hernia with a subcutaneous abscess in the groin. Clinicians should consider de Garengeot hernia in patients with a groin hernia, make an early diagnosis, and promptly provide surgical treatment to reduce the risk of complications.     

Right paratesticular abscess mimicking neonatal testicular torsion and caused by Proteus mirabilis

The clinical presentation of neonatal paratesticular abscess may closely resemble that of, neonatal testicular torsion and the use of scrotal ultrasonography to differentiate the two has low, sensitivity. We propose early operative treatment of suspected neonatal testicular torsion to salvage, the testicle in cases of paratesticular abscesses. This is a report of the successful transinguinal, drainage of a right neonatal paratesticular abscess preoperatively diagnosed as testicular torsion and, caused by Proteus mirabilis. The testicle was salvaged.