环卫工人幸福感与心理弹性关系

  目的  分析辽宁省环卫工人组织支持感对工作满意度的影响,并探究环卫工人心理资本在组织支持感与工作满意度间的中介作用。  方法  于2018年6 — 8月,采用横断面研究方法,整群抽取辽宁省沈阳市、抚顺市、铁岭市1 342名环卫工人为研究对象,采用组织支持感问卷（Survey of Perceived Organizational Support,SPOS）,工作满意度问卷（Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire,MSQ）和心理资本问卷（Psychological Capital Questionnaire,PCQ-24）进行调查,运用SPSS 17.0和AMOS 22.0软件进行数据分析。  结果  环卫工人组织支持感、工作满意度和心理资本总分分别为（32.75 ± 6.15）、（56.29 ± 7.21）和（86.34 ± 7.40）分。组织支持感对工作满意度有正向预测作用,且结果具有统计学意义（β = 0.497,P < 0.01）。心理资本的自我效能、希望、韧性、乐观4个维度对工作满意度均有正向预测作用,且结果均有统计学意义（β = 0.159、β = 0.180、β = 0.138、β = 0.161,均P < 0.01）;心理资本在组织支持感和工作满意度间的中介效应为0.33,占总效应的49 %。  结论  环卫工人组织支持感可正向影响工作满意度,心理资本在组织支持感和工作满意度之间起部分中介作用。     

Adaptation to Chronic Dialysis

While dialysis is a medical advance that enables people to live who would otherwise die, it is often experienced as an ordeal by those who must live with it. Patients and staff experience difficulties in their adaptation to chronic dialysis. A program that excepts all patients, regardless of motivation and stability, carries with it the responsibility of offering care in a way the patient can tolerate and of providing a regimen within the context of his personality structure and social adaptation.     

Perioperative Oral Administration of Cystine and Theanine Enhances Recovery After Distal Gastrectomy

Background: It has been reported that cystine and theanine, amino acids related to glutathione synthesis, have immunomodulatory effects, such as suppressing inflammation after strenuous exercise. In this study, we examined the effects of oral administration of cystine and theanine during the perioperative period as a pilot study. Methods: Forty‐three cases of distal gastrectomy for cancer conducted in our department were assigned to the cystine and theanine group (CT group) or to the placebo control group (P group), and a randomized, single‐blind, parallel‐group study was then performed. Cystine (700 mg) and theanine (280 mg) or a placebo was administered to participants for 10 continuous days (4 days before to 5 days after surgery). Changes in pre‐ and postoperative interleukin (IL)–6, C‐reactive protein (CRP), albumin, white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil count, total lymphocyte count, resting energy expenditure (REE), and body temperature were compared and examined. Results: Ten patients were excluded, leaving 33 patients in the study. The CT group had significantly lower IL‐6 values (postoperative day [POD] 4), CRP levels (POD 7), neutrophil counts (POD 4), and body temperatures (POD 5) than the P group (P < .05). In addition, REE in the P group peaked on day 1 (1.14 ± 0.16 [pre‐ and postoperative ratio]), whereas the CT group did not show any increase on POD 1 (0.99 ± 0.21, P < .05 vs P group). Conclusions: This study suggests that oral administration of cystine and theanine during the perioperative period may alleviate postgastrectomy inflammation and promote recovery after surgery.     

健康教育对习惯性流产患者社会支持和抑郁的影响

目的:探讨健康教育对于习惯性流产患者社会支持和抑郁的影响.方法:选择2010年6月～ 2011年6月习惯性流产患者140例,随机分为实验组(健康教育组)70例和对照组70例,对照组实施常规护理,而实验组在对照组的基础上进行健康教育的干预,用社会支持量表(SSQ)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表对两组患者在干预前后进行测量,比较评分结果.结果:实验组社会支持总分与对照组相比明显提高,抑郁总分较对照组明显下降.结论:在临床护理中应注重与患者建立良好的护患关系;对患者进行健康教育对习惯性流产患者抑郁的缓解及社会支持水平的提高是有效的.     

Lay Midwifery- Still an 'Illegal' Profession

This article reviews the process by which a health collective has organized the home birth service. The legal and political problems and ramifications of the Collective's actions are discussed.     

Perceived Benefits of Online Support Groups for Women with Metastatic Breast Cancer

Women with metastatic breast cancer (MBC), a life-threatening illness, stand to benefit a great deal from online support groups, but none have been studied specifically within this population. The present mixed-method study was carried out to determine which therapeutic factors occurred in online MBC support groups, and to see how such factors might have acted to benefit participants. Participants were 20 women with MBC who participated in online peer support groups. Most reported benefiting in some way from their groups. Six therapeutic factors theorized to be helpful in online support groups and cancer support groups were present in the groups studied: group cohesiveness, information exchange, universality, instillation of hope, catharsis, and altruism. However, although participants reported being able to discuss many other concerns freely, they had difficulty discussing death and dying, which are critical issues for this category of women with BC.     

小学生心理健康与社会支持调查

目的了解小学生心理健康与社会支持情况,为有效提高小学生心理健康水平提供参考。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,对调查对象进行问卷调查。结果 31.10%的调查对象自我意识水平在正常范围,49.70%自我意识水平过高,19.20%自我意识水平过低。自我意识量表总分均值和全国常模差异没有统计学意义。农村调查样本的客观支持及社会支持总分显著低于城市;在小学生社会支持系统中,父母影响占31.62%,老师影响占15.31%,家人影响合计占54.26%。结论小学生自我评价过高即自负,这种心理对孩子的成长极为不利,应予重视;小学生社会支持系统中,父母影响最大。     

Interprofessional practice and decision support: An organizational framework applied to a mental health setting

Decision support as a means to assist people in making healthcare decisions has been discussed extensively in the medical literature. However, the potential for use of decision support and decision aids with people with psychiatric disabilities in order to promote recovery has only begun to be researched and discussed in the mental health literature. Organizational factors that foster interprofessional practice within a decision support environment focused on mental health issues are examined in this paper.