ICL植入术后黄斑区节细胞-内丛状层及视网膜厚度的变化

目的：应用OCT观察ICL植入术后黄斑区节细胞-内丛状层及中央区视网膜厚度的改变,明确ICL植入术对于眼后节的影响。

方法：前瞻性研究。最终纳入行ICL植入术患者26例41眼,平均年龄28.19±6.48岁。所有受试者均行眼轴长度(AL)、裸眼视力(UCVA)、综合验光、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼压(IOP)及OCT检查。观察术前及术后的中央区视网膜厚度(CRT)和节细胞-内丛状层厚度(GCT),以及UCVA、BCVA和IOP的变化。

结果： ICL植入术后UCVA和BCVA较术前均有提高(P<0.05),而眼压无变化。术前,术后1wk,1、3mo CRT分别为273.20±25.48、274.07±27.64、277.85±25.49、275.99±24.68μm,而GCT分别为85.31±5.19、88.95±6.87、87.73±4.23、87.45±4.59μm(均P<0.05),其中CRT在术后1mo较术前有增加(P<0.01),GCT在术后1wk,1、3mo均比术前有增加(P<0.05)。GCT在术后1wk的变化与AL呈正相关(r_s=0.529, P=0.001)。

结论：ICL植入术具有良好的有效性及一定的安全性,但术后也会发生一定的黄斑区改变,需给予一定的重视。     

Evaluation of spectral domain optical coherence tomography parameters in discriminating preperimetric glaucoma from high myopia

AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic ability of macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness obtained by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in discriminating non-highly myopic eyes with preperimetric glaucoma (PPG) from highly myopic healthy eyes. METHODS: A total of 254 eyes, including 76 normal controls (NC), 116 eyes with high myopia (HM) and 62 non-highly myopic eyes with PPG were enrolled. The diagnostic ability of OCT parameters was accessed by the areas under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve in two distinguishing groups: PPG eyes with non-glaucomatous eyes including NC and HM (Group 1), and PPG eyes with HM eyes (Group 2). Differences in diagnostic performance between GCIPL and RNFL parameters were evaluated. RESULTS: The minimum (AUROC curve of 0.782), inferotemporal (0.758) and inferior (0.705) GCIPL thickness were the top three GCIPL parameters in discriminating PPG from non-glaucomatous eyes, all of which had statistically significant lower diagnostic ability than average RNFL thickness (0.847). In discriminating PPG from HM, the best GCIPL parameter was minimum (0.689), statistically significant lower in diagnostic ability than average RNFL thickness (0.789) and three other RNFL thickness parameters of temporal and inferotemporal clock-hour sectors. CONCLUSION: The minimum GCIPL thickness is the best GCIPL parameter to detect non-highly myopic PPG from highly myopic eyes, whose diagnostic ability is inferior to that of average RNFL thickness and RNFL thickness of several temporal and inferotemporal clock-hour sectors. The average RNFL thickness is recommended for discriminating PPG from highly myopic healthy eyes in current clinical practice in a Chinese population.     

Discriminating performance of macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thicknesses at different stages of glaucoma

AIM: To determine the discriminating performance of the macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) parameters between all the consecutive stages of glaucoma (from healthy to moderate-to-severe glaucoma), and to compare it with the discriminating performances of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) parameters and optic nerve head (ONH) parameters. METHODS: Totally 147 eyes (40 healthy, 40 glaucoma suspects, 40 early glaucoma, and 27 moderate-to-severe glaucoma) of 133 subjects were included. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was obtained using Cirrus HD-OCT 5000. The diagnostic performances of GC-IPL, RNFL, and ONH parameters were evaluated by determining the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristics. RESULTS: All GC-IPL parameters discriminated glaucoma suspect patients from subjects with healthy eyes and moderate-to-severe glaucoma from early glaucoma patients (P<0.017, for all). Also, minimum, inferotemporal and inferonasal GC-IPL parameters discriminated early glaucoma patients from glaucoma suspects, whereas no RNFL or ONH parameter could discriminate between the two. The best parameters to discriminate glaucoma suspects from subjects with healthy eyes were superonasal GC-IPL, superior RNFL and average c/d ratio (AUC=0.746, 0.810 and 0.746, respectively). Discriminating performances of all the parameters for early glaucoma vs glaucoma suspect comparison were lower than that of the other consecutive group comparisons, with the best GC-IPL parameters being minimum and inferotemporal (AUC=0.669 and 0.662, respectively). Moreover, minimum GC-IPL, average RNFL, and rim area (AUC=0.900, 0.858, 0.768, respectively) were the best parameters for discriminating moderate-to-severe glaucoma patients from early glaucoma patients. CONCLUSION: GC-IPL parameters can discriminate glaucoma suspect patients from subjects with healthy eyes, and also all the consecutive stages of glaucoma from each other (from glaucoma suspect to moderate-to-severe glaucoma). Further, the discriminating performance of GC-IPL thicknesses is comparable to that.     

Activation cross-sections of proton induced reactions on natural Ni up to 65 MeV

Production cross-sections of the ^natNi(p,x)^60,61Cu, ^56,57Ni, ^55,56,57,58Co nuclear reactions were measured in five experiments up to 65 MeV by using a stacked foil activation technique. The results were compared with the available literature values, predictions of the nuclear reaction model codes ALICE-IPPE, TALYS-1.4, and extracted data from the TENDL-2012 library. Spline fits were made on the basis of selected data, from which physical yields were calculated and compared with the literature values. The applicability of the ^natNi(p,x)⁵⁷Ni, ⁵⁷Co reactions for thin layer activation (TLA) was investigated. The production rate for ⁵⁵Co was compared for proton and deuteron induced reactions on Ni.     

The efficacy of Salvadora persica extract in the elimination of the intracanal smear layer: A SEM study

AimTo evaluate the efficacy of an ethanolic Salvadora persica extract in removing the smear layer following a root canal procedure.MethodsSixty extracted, single-rooted human teeth were cleaned, shaped, and divided into four groups. Experimental groups 1 (n = 20) and 2 (n = 20) were irrigated with 1 mg/ml and 5 mg/ml of S. persica, respectively. The positive controls (n = 10) were irrigated with 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), while the negative controls (n = 10) were irrigated with saline. Approximately 5 ml of the irrigating solution was delivered into the root canals for 5 min, and the final rinse was performed with 5 ml of 1% sodium hypochlorite. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate the endodontic smear layer removal at the coronal, middle, and apical thirds of the specimens.ResultsA significant difference in smear layer removal between groups 1 and 2 at the coronal and middle thirds of the canal was observed, and no significant difference was seen between group 2 and the positive control at the coronal third. At the apical third, both concentrations of S. persica had similar effects and were less effective than the positive control in removing the smear layer.ConclusionThe 5 mg/ml S. persica solution was significantly more effective than the 1 mg/ml solution. In addition, the 5 mg/ml S. persica solution was as effective as 17% EDTA in removing the smear layer from the coronal third of the canal wall.     

妊娠中期鼻骨发育异常胎儿的染色体检测结果及相关因素分析

背景　胎儿鼻骨发育情况评估作为常规产前超声检查项目，是胎儿染色体检查的重要指标，近几年染色体微阵列分析技术（CMA）的应用使得产前胎儿染色体疾病的检查范围更广、准确度更高，在此基础上有必要对鼻骨发育异常和染色体异常之间的相关性重新进行总结，为临床提供参考。目的　探讨胎儿鼻骨发育异常或与其他产前筛查高危因素结合在预测胎儿染色体异常中的价值，以及CMA在胎儿鼻骨发育异常遗传学检测中的应用价值。方法　选取2016年12月-2020年1月于内蒙古自治区妇幼保健院进行产前超声检查并提示胎儿鼻骨缺失或发育不良的92例孕妇及胎儿为研究对象。收集其产检信息、遗传学检测结果及妊娠结局。遗传学检测方法包括染色体核型分析和CMA。结果　染色体核型分析检出染色体异常19例（20.7%），均为21-三体；CMA检出染色体异常25例（27.2%），包括21-三体19例，染色体微缺失微重复6例。孤立性与非孤立性鼻骨发育异常胎儿染色体异常发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。与单纯孤立性鼻骨发育异常胎儿相比，孤立性鼻骨发育异常+颈项透明层（NT）增厚、孤立性鼻骨发育异常+血清学筛查（MSS）高风险、孤立性鼻骨发育异常+无创产前筛查（NIPT）高风险、孤立性鼻骨发育异常+2种及以上产前筛查高危因素胎儿染色体异常发生率均升高（P<0.05）。结论　鼻骨缺失或发育不良的胎儿染色体异常发生率较高，且与基因组变异有关；染色体核型分析、CMA结合其他产前筛查高危因素将有效提高染色体异常的检出率。CMA的应用为产前诊断提供了更多的染色体变异信息，建议所有类型的胎儿鼻骨缺失或发育不良进行染色体核型分析与CMA结合的遗传学检测。     

初次鼻内镜手术与修正性鼻内镜手术对慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者生活质量的影响

目的探究初次鼻内镜手术(PESS)与修正性鼻内镜手术(RESS)对于慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉(CRSwNP)患者生活质量的影响。方法对120例CRSwNP患者(其中97例患者行PESS术、23例患者行RESS术)进行术前、术后12个月追踪调查,采用Lund-Mackay评分、Lanza-Kennedy评分和汉化版鼻腔鼻窦结局测试(SNOT)20量表对2组患者进行主客观评价。结果 2组术前Lund-Mackay平均评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组术前、术后12个月患者的Lund-Kennedy和SNOT20评分均降低,差异具有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论行PESS手术对于改善患者生活质量程度比RESS手术要好。不管是RESS还是PESS,功能性鼻内镜下鼻息肉切除术都是一种有效改善患者生活质量的方法。     

鼻内镜下低温等离子消融术治疗肥厚性鼻炎临床分析

目的探讨对于肥厚性鼻炎患者采用鼻内镜下低温等离子消融术进行治疗的临床疗效。方法随机将256例肥厚性鼻炎患者分为对照组128例与治疗组128例。对照组采用传统下鼻甲部分切除手术,治疗组采用鼻内镜下低温等离子消融术。对2组疗效进行对比分析。结果治疗组有效率显著优于对照组,术后并发症发生情况显著低于对照组,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论采用鼻内镜下低温等离子消融术治疗肥厚性鼻炎,能显著提高疗效、微创、痛苦较小、术后恢复快及并发症少,有重要临床意义。