MTT肿瘤药敏试验中培养基的选择

目的考察RPMI1640双琼脂培养基(R)对肿瘤细胞培养的选择性,选择适合的MTT法培养基。方法用R和肿瘤细胞选择性培养基(completeassaymedium,CAM)分别进行乳腺、肠、胃癌的MTT药敏试验。结果所试的3个癌种、20个药品总体来说在两种培养基中抑制率无统计学差异(P>0.05),单个药敏在乳腺癌中长春新碱、长春地辛和吡柔比星的CAM培养抑制率大于R培养(P<0.05),在肠、胃癌中无统计学差异。结论R培养肿瘤细胞的选择性和CAM相当,但鉴于R抑制成纤维细胞能力相对比CAM弱,R可能更适合含纤维细胞较少的癌种。     

酸克糖颗粒的质量标准研究

目的：建立酸克糖颗粒的质量控制方法。方法：采用薄层色谱法鉴别其所含山茱萸、白芍，薄层扫描法测定其熊果酸的含量。结果：薄层色谱法鉴别专属性强、重现性好。熊果酸的含量测定线性范围为0．24～1．20μg，回归方程Y=7186．3 X-1356.4，相关系数r=0.9972；加样回收率为100．5％，RSD=2．4％(n=5)。结论：方法操作简便、可行，可用于酸克糖颗粒的质量控制。     

经上颌窦前壁钻孔行鼻窦内窥镜术30例报告

报告经上颌窦前壁钻孔行鼻窦内窥镜手术３０例，疗效较好。与鼻腔、鼻窦内窥镜手术比较，该术式具有观察方便，出血少，反应轻，操作方便，并发症少，术后复发率低等优点。     

Current advances in rhinomanometry

Current advances in rhinomanometry were reviewed in this paper. Active posterior rhinomanometry with a “head-out” body plethysmograph may be the least invasive method currently available for measuring nasal patency. In general, active anterior rhinomanometry with a face mask or a nasal nozzle has been employed in various studies throughout the world. Nasal resistance as calculated from the equationR = 0.78 (ΔP/V)^1.33 at any points on a pressure/flow curve, or averaged nasal resistance may be the most suitable expression for nasal patency. Values for nasal resistance at ΔP 100 Pa in Japanese patients or ΔP 150 Pa in Caucasians have been widely employed as standard objective data for nasal obstruction, although rhinomanometric results sometimes do not agree with subjective evaluation of nasal obstruction. Nasal airflow acceleration or peak flow index during nasal breathing at rest can be applied as warranted to confirm an objective diagnosis of symptomatic nasal obstruction. Further, nationality and anthropological characteristics can be related to the severity and type of stuffiness.     

Variation of Nasal Respiratory Pattern With Age During Growth and Development

The purpose of this study was to determine changes in nasal respiratory pattern with growth and development, particularly to determine the age where upper airway growth ceases. The results on 361 healthy subjects, aged 7 to 24 years, based on aerodynamic measurements during rest breathing, showed clear differences between inspiratory and expiratory phases. Nasal airflow rate and cross-sectional area increased and oral-nasal pressure and nasal resistance decreased with age up to the age of 16, levelling by the age of 20 years. The body size and gender had effect only on nasal airflow rate. This study suggests that the measurements of the nasal respiratory pattern, determining impaired nasal airway, should be done during inspiration and using age-related assesment from a healthy population until the age of 16 years. From then on, guidelines for adults are applicable.     

P物质对变应性鼻炎动物模型鼻粘膜上皮短路电流的影响

目的观察Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）作用于变应性鼻炎动物模型鼻粘膜引起的离子分泌改变导致的上皮表面短路电流（Ｓｈｏｒｔ－ｃｉｒｃｕｉｔｃｕｒｒｅｎｔ，Ｉｓｃ）的变化。方法以鸡蛋清蛋白致敏大鼠后，用Ｕｓｓ－ｉｎｇ室技术测定鼻粘膜上皮表面短路电流。并观察神经激肽受体（ＮＫ１）拮抗剂ＣＰ９６３４５、组胺Ｈ１受体拮抗剂吡拉明、Ｈ２受体拮抗剂雷尼替丁和河豚毒素对ＳＰ的阻断作用。结果经ＳＰ刺激，致敏大鼠鼻粘膜表面Ｉｓｃ显著增高。经四种物质预处理均能显著阻断ＳＰ引起的Ｉｓｃ变化。结论ＳＰ经感觉神经末梢释放后，可引起上皮表面离子电位变化、上皮通透性增高等一系列鼻粘膜病理变化。     

人乳头状瘤病毒与鼻内翻性乳头状瘤的关系

为探讨人乳头状瘤病毒（ＨＰＶ）感染与鼻内翻性乳头状瘤（ＩＰ）发病及其恶变的关系，研究选取组织病理确认为ＩＰ（３６例）和ＩＰ癌变（１６例）的石蜡包埋标本，采用多聚酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）方法对标本进行ＨＰＶ相关ＤＮＡ序列扩增。结果显示：３６例ＩＰ组织有２１例（５８．３％）为ＨＰＶ阳性；１６例ＩＰ癌变组织中有１１例（６８．８％）阳性。经统计学处理，二者间无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）．提示ＨＰＶ感染在ＩＰ的发     

鼻内翻性乳头状瘤及其癌变与p53蛋白异常表达

目的：探讨鼻内翻性乳头状瘤及其癌变与ｐ５３基因的关系。方法：采用免疫组化方法（ＡＢＣ法）对３６例鼻内翻性乳头状瘤（ＩＰ）组织和１６例鼻内翻性乳头状瘤癌变（ＩＰ＋ＳＣＣ）组织进行了ｐ５３蛋白检测。结果：３６例ＩＰ均为ｐ５３蛋白阴性，而在１６例ＩＰ＋ＳＣＣ组织中有５例为ｐ５３蛋白阳性，阳性率为３１．３％（５／１６），经统计学处理，二者差异显著（Ｐ〈０．００１）。结论：ｐ５３蛋白异常表达可能与ＩＰ的发生     

鼻内窥镜手术治疗鼻息肉65例临床观察

目的：观察鼻内窥镜手术治疗鼻息肉之效果。方法：65例（120侧）鼻息肉患者进行界内窥镜手术，术后随访6～15月。结果：参照FESS－95广州标准，痊愈78侧（65％）；好转32侧（26.7％）；无效10侧（8．3％）。结论：1）横行切除中鼻甲前五1／3～1／2，有助于减少中鼻甲与鼻腔外侧壁粘连，改善窦道复合体引流，减少息肉复发；2）术前细致研究鼻窦CT片，熟悉鼻窦解剖及术后加强换药，是防止手术并发症和提高疗效的关键。