Pleomorphic adenoma of the nasal septum

Despite the common occurrence of pleomorphic adenoma of major salivary glands, intranasal pleomorphic adenoma are rare. We present a ease of pleomorphic adenoma of the nasal septum along with a brief review of literature. The histological nature of this lesion in comparison to other salivary gland tumours and the importance of an accurate diagnosis has been stressed.     

经鼻内镜手术治疗原发性三叉神经上颌支痛的初步观察

目的 探讨经鼻内镜蝶腭孔入路到达翼腭窝圆孔手术治疗三叉神经上颌支痛的可行性及优缺点.方法 选择原发性三叉神经上颌支痛患者15例,病程7个月～20年,中位病程4年;其中伴有眼支疼痛者8例,伴有下颌支疼痛者2例,三支均疼痛者1例.设计鼻内镜下微创手术方法 ,经鼻腔蝶腭孔入路,进入翼腭窝,探查圆孔,在上颌神经出圆孔的位置作高频电切或射频热凝处理.根据Brisman的术后评价方法 ,对比手术前后症状的改善,观察并发症的发生情况.结果 术后随访时间6～16个月,中位随访时间13个月.15例患者中治愈13例,有效2例.1例患者术后7个月出现眶上神经疼痛,再次行眶上神经射频热凝术,症状缓解.术中及术后均无严重并发症发生,1例患者术后出现麻痹性疼痛,随访1个月后症状消失.与术前相比,所有患者均无鼻或眼的主观不适症状.结论鼻内镜下经鼻腔蝶腭孔入路行原发性三叉神经上颌支痛微创手术,手术进路较直接,解剖距离短,视野清,创伤小,不易出现严重并发症,手术初步疗效肯定.     

STANDARD IMAGING TECHNIQUES OF ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND‐GUIDED FINE‐NEEDLE ASPIRATION USING A CURVED LINEAR ARRAY ECHOENDOSCOPE

Standard imaging techniques using a curved linear array echoendocope are summarized to facilitate the attainment of expertise in endoscopic ultrasonography and endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration, and to promote the widespread use of this diagnostic and therapeutic tool. Typical images of the mediastinal organs, the bilio‐pancreatic systems and neighboring organs by scanning from the esophagus, stomach, duodenal bulb, and descending portion of the duodenum, are shown in a sequential manner. The basic techniques of endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration are also presented.     

主动脉窦瘤破裂的外科治疗

报告３７例主动脉窦瘤破裂手术治疗结果。着重介绍手术方法，主张采用主动脉根部和窦瘤破入心腔的双切口，切除、修补窦瘤的同时矫正合并畸形。伴主动脉瓣膜垂致中度关闭不全者，主张行主动脉瓣替换术。术后早期死亡１例，余３５例随访６个月－１４年，心功能恢复良好。     

A Case of Postsurgical Pancreatic Pseudocyst Treated by Endoscopic Cystogastrostomy

Pancreatic pseudocyst after pancreatic surgery is a relatively rare condition and conservative therapy is the common treatment of choice. When symptoms persist or complications follow, however, surgical treatment is considered. There have been reports on endoscopic cystoenterostomy since the early 1980s. We herein describe a case of postsurgical pancreatic pseudocyst treated successfully by endoscopic cystogastrostomy. A nineteen-year-old female showing left hypochondralgia and back pain with elevation of her serum amylase level, who had undergone enucleation of a solid cystic tumor in the body of the pancreas, was referred to our department. She was diagnosed as having a pseudocyst of the pancreas 5.8×4.5 cm in size at the site of enucleation by US and CT. Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography and endoscopic ultrasonography performed simultaneously revealed obstruction of the main pancreatic duct and a cystic change in the body-tail of the pancreas just behind the gastric wall of the upper body. An extrinsic compression was seen in the posterior wall of the upper body of the stomach endoscopically. An incision was made using a sphincterotome. A pigtail stent, 7.2 Fr in size, was placed to keep the patency of the fistula, which was removed one and a half months later. Her symptoms showed great improvement immediately after the procedure. Follow-up CT demonstrated no recurrence of the pseudocyst.     

Major complications of functional endoscopic sinus surgery

The results of a postal questionnaire indicate an exponential rise in the practice of functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) in the UK and a major complication rate of 0.23%. Cerebrospinal fluid leak was the most common serious complication accounting for 24 of the 36 reports.     

直视下经尿道内切开术治疗尿道狭窄

目的：探讨直视下经尿道内次切开术治疗尿道狭窄的有效性和安全性。方法：总结直视下经尿道内切开术治疗68例尿道狭窄和闭锁患者的疗效和经验，63例1次手术成功；3例行2次、2例行3次成功。结果：68例中，57例术后随访3～71个月，平均28．3个月，43例(75％)均排尿通畅；2例暂时性尿失禁者分别于术后3～6月内恢复。结论：直视下经尿道内切开术创伤小，并发症少，疗效确切，是尿道狭窄和闭锁的首选治疗方法。     

Surgical treatment of patients with psychiatric disorders: A review of 21 patients

Between January 1985 and September 1994, 21 patients with psychiatric disorders underwent various forms of surgery at our hospital. There were 12 men and 9 women with an average age of 57.6 years. The coexisting psychiatric disorders were schizophrenia in 15 patients, depression in 2, dementia in 2, mental retardation with epilepsy in 1, and Parkinson's disease in 1. All the patients had been receiving neuroleptic medications for a long period. The indications for surgery were: cholelithiasis in 6 patients, acute appendicitis in 4, perforation of the small intestine in 3, incarceration of an inguinal hernia in 2, and esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, bleeding from a gastric ulcer, perforation of a duodenal ulcer, strangulating ileus, and burns in 1 patient each, respectively. All of the patients who underwent elective surgery were given epidural anesthesia with or without general anesthesia. Antipsychotic medications were given until just prior to surgery and recommenced concurrent with the first meal. Abnormal behavior was observed in 11 patients (52.4%) postoperatively, but all the patients were discharged in accordance with recovery from their surgical disorder. Intra- and postoperative hypotension resistant to intravenous catecholamine administration was recognized in 9 patients (42.9%), and this peculiar complication should be borne in mind when patients with psychiatric disorders require surgical management. Presented at the 94th annual meeting of the Japanese Surgical Society, held in Tokyo in March, 1994     

医源性小儿气管及支气管破裂外科治疗方法的选择

目的探讨医源性小儿气管、支气管破裂的外科治疗方法．方法根据气管、支气管破损程度，分别采用颈部深筋膜切开１４例，胸膜腔闭式引流１０例，气管膜部修补５例，病肺切除术２例．结果本组３１例患儿全部治愈．结论严密观察，及时处理，恰当选择外科手术方法是提高疗效的关键．