剖宫产术预防性应用头孢替唑钠的疗效及安全性分析

目的探讨剖宫产术预防性应用头孢替唑钠的疗效及安全性。方法 90例行剖宫产术患者,分为观察组和对照组。对照组术后注射头孢替唑钠;观察组术中脐带结扎后即静脉应用,给予生理盐水100mL+头孢替唑钠2.0g静脉滴注。结果观察组体温正常时间、感染发生率、白细胞升高与对照组相比,差异无显著性(P>0.05);观察组抗菌药物费用和术后住院天数少于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论剖宫产术中预防性应用头孢替唑钠具有较佳疗效,缩短疗程,优于术后多次用药。     

葛根素治疗急性脑梗死68例临床疗效研究

目的分析研究葛根素注射液治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效及安全性。方法将68例急性脑梗死患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各34例。对照组采用脱水、护脑、改善微循环等治疗,治疗组在对照组用药的基础上联合应用葛根素250 mL静脉滴注,10 d为1个疗程,治疗前和治疗第10天进行血液流变学和纤维蛋白单体聚合功能的检测,并观察两组临床疗效及不良反应。结果治疗组治疗前后血液流变学和纤维蛋白单体聚合功能显著改善(P<0.05),治疗组总有效率为91.17%,对照组总有效率为76.47%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组均未发现明显的不良反应。结论葛根素可通过改善血液流变学和纤维蛋白单体聚合功能发挥治疗急性脑梗死的作用,且疗效显著,无明显的不良反应,值得临床推广应用。     

妊娠期药物不良反应126例分析

目的分析妊娠期药物致不良反应126例的一般规律及特点,从而减少或避免药物不良反应(ADR)发生,促进临床合理用药。方法对来宾市不良反应监测中心2012~2015年间收集到的桂中地区妊娠期ADR报告进行汇总分析。结果 126例ADR报告中,妊娠期≥28周的发生率最高,共90例,占71.43%;作用子宫药物类38例居首位,占30.16%,其次为抗菌药物36例,占28.57%。在ADR涉及的孕妇安全用药级别中,B级药物最多,占60%。ADR涉及的主要临床表现为寒战和皮疹。结论了解妊娠期ADR的特点、注意事项,严格遵守操作规程,避免ADR的发生。     

基于文献挖掘及复杂网络探讨寻常性痤疮常见中医证型及核心用药规律＊

目的 运用文献挖掘及复杂网络方法探讨中医治疗寻常性痤疮常见证型及核心用药规律。方法 收集中国期刊全文数据库（China National Knowledge Infrastructure，CNKI）、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库（VIP Database，VIP）、万方数据库（WanFang）、中国生物医学文献数据库（Sinomed）中近15年已公开发表的中医治疗寻常性痤疮核心期刊，对其进行医案提取及规范化后，运用复杂网络方法进行分析。结果 共纳入文献178篇，医案数据195条，涉及中药184味，药性多以寒、微寒为主，药物归经归肺经最多，其次肝经、胃经、心经，药物功效多以清热解毒、清热燥湿、清热凉血为主，常见中医证型及对应核心加减处方4个。结论 系统总结了寻常性痤疮近年发病的主流证型、核心处方及用药规律，为之后的临床辨证用药提供参考及借鉴。     

Medications and the Culture of Safety: Conference Title: At the Precipice of Quality Health Care: The Role of the Toxicologist in Enhancing Patient and Medication Safety Venue ACMT Pre-Meeting Symposium, 2014 North American Congress of Clinical Toxicology,New Orleans,LA

Medication mishaps are a common cause of morbidity and mortality both within and outside of hospitals. While the use of a variety of technologies and techniques have promised to improve these statistics, instead of eliminating errors, new ones have appeared as quickly as old ones have been improved. To truly improve safety across the entire enterprise, we must ensure that we create a culture that is willing to accept that errors occur in normal course of operation to the best of people. Focus must not be on punishment and shame, but rather building a fault tolerant system that maintains safety of both staff and patients.     

Transferability of Medication Administration Simulation Training to Clinical Settings

The study examines the impact of one-on-one simulation for medication administration (MA) on prelicensure student preparedness for and performance of MA in the clinical setting.We used a prospective quasi-experimental interventional study applying Kirkpatrick's model to the simulation experience addressing MA.Simulation increased student preparedness. Students' critical thinking and approach during the MA process were significantly higher in the clinical setting.One-on-one MA simulation is an effective educational method for improving student learning and performance in practice.