Eight month follow-up of delinquent adolescents: predictors of short-term outcome

Clinicians working with young delinquents are concerned with finding methods to predict recidivism in these subjects. It has not been investigated yet to what extent psychiatric assessment can be of any help in this field. In this study, we investigated whether psychiatric assessment can help to predict recidivism in already delinquent adolescents. By means of semi-structured psychiatric assessment (Child Assessment Schedule), developmental interview of the parents and self-report instruments, we assessed the psychiatric status of 72 delinquent adolescents, adjudicated before the Juvenile Court of Antwerp (Belgium). A follow-up of criminal status after eight months was conducted. Self-report questionnaires by the subjects did not differentiate recidivists from non-recidivists, while parent questionnaires did. Through a semi-structured interview, we found that a diagnosis of conduct disorder significantly predicts recidivism, while subjects with ADHD and substance abuse show a tendency towards more recidivism. We were unable, however, due to the small number of subjects showing a psychiatric disorder (e. g. ADHA and PTSD) unrelated to conduct disorder, to assess the relative contribution of these disorders to the recidivism rate. This study found that psychiatric assessment of delinquent adolescents could be of help in predicting recidivism. The necessity of gathering information from parents and teachers is demonstrated. Future research should include a more extensive group of a delinquent adolescent and should focus on the effect of therapeutic interventions. Received: 29 June 1999 / Accepted: 1 February 2000     

Juvenile (calcifying) aponeurotic fibroma of the neck

A case of juvenile (calcifying) aponeurotic fibroma (JAF) arising in the neck of a 5-year-old female is presented. The lesion was misdiagnosed as fibrous hamartoma of infancy (FHI) on a superficial biopsy prior to total excision of the mass. Only one instance of JAF of the neck has previously been reported; the tumor is usually located in the distal extremities and often recurs following excision. FHI occurs most frequently at and about the axilla and shoulder, and does not recur in most instances. Accepted: 14 January 1997     

Neoplastic diseases of the head & neck in children

Pediatric neoplasm is next only to trauma as the most common cause of death. The cervicofacial malignancies presents a unique challenge owing to potential adverse effects of both the disease process and the treatment employed on critical developing head and neck structures. This study comprised of 106 children below 12 years age group conducted during 1999–2003 at JNMC, Aligarh. Of 106 cases 70 were benign neoplasms and 36 malignant neoplasms. Nasopharynx was the commonest site of involvement. Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma was the commonest benign tumour and lymphoma was the commonest malignant neoplasm. Team approach is required for mitigation of the disease process.     

生物制剂治疗幼年特发性关节炎疗效的Meta分析

【摘要】目的 系统评价生物制剂治疗幼年特发性关节炎（JIA）的临床疗效。方法 检索PubMed、Medline、万方及中国知网数据库2018年11月前发表的生物制剂治疗JIA的随机对照实验（RCTs）。检索关键词设置为“生物制剂”或“肿瘤坏死因子”或“托珠单抗”或“biologics”或“etanercept”或“tocilizumab”;“幼年特发性关系炎”或“Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis”;“治疗”;“临床研究”或“trial”。将研究对象分为实验组和对照组。实验组采用生物制剂单药治疗或联合传统药物治疗,对照组采用传统药物治疗或安慰剂治疗。根据纳入排除标准筛选文献,并对纳入文献进行质量评价。Manager53软件进行异质性检验,并根据异质性检验结果采用固定或随机效应模型合并OR值,P值及95%CI。结果 最终纳入9篇文献,共618例患者,其中实验组336例,对照组282例。Meta分析结果显示,TNF α抑制剂治疗全身型幼年特发性关节炎、TNF α抑制剂治疗非全身型幼年特发性关节炎、托珠单抗治疗全身型幼年特发性关节炎的ACR 30、50、70改善率均优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜005）。结论 生物制剂在治疗JIA的临床缓解率均优于传统药物。     

伽玛刀治疗青少年脑动静脉畸形83例临床分析

目的 评估伽玛刀治疗青少年脑动静脉畸形(AVM)的疗效和并发症.方法 回顾性分析使用MASEP-SRRS型头部型伽玛刀治疗的83例青少年脑AVM的资料,AVM的体积0.3～25.4 cm3,平均(2.9±1.4)cm3,边缘剂量13～23 Gy,平均(18.8±3.6)Gy,40%～65%(平均48.8%)的等剂量曲线包绕脑AVM病灶.均采用磁共振成像 数字减影血管造影(MRI DSA)联合定位.结果 随访27～72个月,用伽玛刀治疗后的脑AVM闭塞率与其体积、边缘剂量有关,大多数患者临床症状于伽玛刀治疗后消失或改善.结论 伽玛刀是治疗青少年脑AVM安全、有效、低创的新方法.     

中医治脊疗法配合眼周穴位按摩治疗青少年近视临床观察

目的 观察中医治脊疗示配合眼周穴位按摩对青少年近视的治疗作用。方法 根据青少年近视与颈部损伤有密切关系的特点,运用治脊疗法,配合眼周穴位按摩治疗青少年近视９６例。结果 总有效率达９１．６７％,远期有效率６８．１８％。结论 中医治脊疗法配合眼周穴位按摩治疗青少年近视疗效确切。     

青少年近视合并高眼压的静态阈值视野改变

目的：探讨合并高眼压青少年近视的静态视野改变的特点及其临床意义。方法：应用Octopus101型全自动视野计对45例(87只眼)青少年近视合并高眼压和36例(72只眼)正常眼压青少年近视进行定量视野测定，并分析其视野缺损形式及视野指数与眼压、屈光度的关系。结果：合并高眼压青少年近视的视野损害发生率明显高于正常眼压青少年近视。视野损害多表现为生理盲点扩大，特征性青光眼视野缺损。与正常眼压青少年近视有显著性差异。平均敏感皮MS值、平均缺损MD值、缺损变异LV值均与正常眼压青少年近视有显著性差异，且在正常眼压青少年近视组中，随着近视度数增加，MS值逐渐下降，MD及LV值逐渐升高。结论：高眼压是青少年近视人群中发展为青光眼性视野损害的一个重要因素。眼压应列为青少年近视的眼科常规检查项目。采用全自动视野计检测是早期发现青少年近视青光眼性视野损害的最敏感最有特异性的检查方法。     

63例幼年型粒单核细胞白血病的临床特征与预后分析

目的 探讨幼年型粒单核细胞白血病(juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia,JMML)的临床特征与预后之间的关系。方法 收集2008年1月—2016年12月收治的JMML患儿临床资料及预后,分析影响JMML患儿预后的因素。结果 共纳入63例JMML患儿,中位发病年龄为25个月,男女性别3.2∶1。54例患儿完成JMML基因检测,PTPN11基因突变最常见(23例,43%),其中单纯PTPN11基因突变19例,伴PTPN11基因复合突变4例;其次为NRAS基因突变(14例,26%),其中单纯NRAS基因突变12例,包含NRAS基因复合突变2例。5年总生存(overall survival,OS)率仅为22%±10%。13例(21%)患儿进行造血干细胞移植(hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,HSCT)。HSCT组患儿5年OS率高于非HSCT组患儿(46%±14%vs 29%±7%,P<0.05)。无PTPN11基因突变与PTPN11基因突变患儿5年OS率比较差异无统计学意义(30%±14%vs 27%±10%,P&...     

幼年特发性关节炎合并葡萄膜炎15例病例系列报告

背景 葡萄膜炎为幼年特发性关节炎(JIA)最常见的关节外表现,治疗不及时可导致严重并发症,有致盲风险.目的 探讨JIA合并葡萄膜炎的临床特征.设计病例系列报告.方法 纳入首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院风湿免疫科2018年3月至2020年5月收治的JIA合并葡萄膜炎患儿,从病历中截取人口学资料、实验室检查、JIA分型、眼部表...     

细胞免疫在幼年特发性关节炎发病机制中的作用

幼年特发性关节炎(JIA)是儿童时期常见的一种以慢性关节炎为主要特点的自身免疫性疾病,其发病机制尚不明确,而其免疫发病机制是目前研究的重点,以往研究多集中在体液免疫方面,目前的研究认为细胞免疫在JIA的发病过程中起重要作用.T淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞、树突状细胞(DC)、NK细胞、中性粒细胞、血小板及红细胞均是参与细胞免疫过程的细胞,在JIA慢性炎症的维持及关节损害中发挥着重要的作用.